Total population | |
---|---|
58,956(2023 census) [1] | |
Regions with significant populations | |
Rožaje Municipality (84.66%) Petnjica Municipality (83.96%) Plav Municipality (65.64%) Gusinje Municipality (57.13%) Bijelo Polje Municipality (31.85%) Tuzi Municipality (13.65%) | |
Languages | |
Bosnian, Montenegrin | |
Religion | |
Sunni Islam | |
Related ethnic groups | |
Other South Slavs |
Bosniaks are an ethnic minority in Montenegro , first introduced in the 2003 census. According to the last census from 2023, the total number of Bosniaks in Montenegro was 58,956 or 9.45% of the population. Bosniaks are the third largest ethnic group in the country, after Montenegrins and Serbs. [1]
Bosniaks primarily live in the Sandžak area of northern Montenegro, and form the majority of the population in four municipalities: Rožaje (84.7%), Petnjica (84%), Plav (65.6%) and Gusinje (57.1%). [1]
The majority of Bosniaks of Montenegro were in favor of Montenegrin independence during the independence referendum in 2006.
The BCMS dialects of Gusinje and Plav show a very high structural influence from Albanian. Its uniqueness in terms of language contact between Albanian and BCMS is explained by the fact that most BCMS speakers there are of Albanian origin. [2]
Today, the majority of Bosniaks are predominantly Sunni Muslim and adhere to the Hanafi school of thought/jurisprudence, the largest and oldest school of jurisprudence within Sunni Islam.
Notable Bosniaks from Montenegro, past and present, include:
Sandžak is a historical and geo-political region in the Balkans, located in the southwestern part of Serbia and the eastern part of Montenegro. The Serbo-Croatian term Sandžak derives from the Sanjak of Novi Pazar, a former Ottoman administrative district founded in 1865.
Bijelo Polje is a town located in the Northern Region of Montenegro, situated along Lim River. It has an urban population of 12,900. It is the administrative, economic, cultural and educational centre of northern Montenegro.
Plav is a town located in the Northern Region of Montenegro, situated along the Lim River, which originates from nearby Lake Plav, a glacial lake at the foot of the Prokletije mountains. It has a population of 3,717. Plav is the centre of Plav Municipality with a population of 9,050.
Gusinje is a small town in Montenegro in the northern region. According to the 2011 census, the town has a population of 1,673 and is the administrative center of Gusinje Municipality.
Rožaje is a town located in the Northern Region of Montenegro, situated along the Ibar river. The town is the cultural center of the Bosniaks in Montenegro.
Eastern Orthodox Christianity is the largest religion in Montenegro at 71% of the population, and is the religion of choice for the vast majority of ethnic Montenegrins and Serbs. In addition to Eastern Orthodox Christianity, there is also a sizeable number of adherents to Sunni Islam at 20% of the population, mainly from ethnic Bosniaks and Albanians.
Bihor is a geographical region in northeastern Montenegro, located near Jagoče and northeast of Lopare. The area falls under three municipalities: Berane, Bijelo Polje and Petnjica. It is named after Bihor, a former medieval town once located near Bijelo Polje. The region is mainly inhabited by Bosniaks, with a minority of Serbs and Montenegrins.
Bosniaks of Serbia are a recognized national minority in Serbia. According to the 2022 census, the population of ethnic Bosniaks in Serbia is 153,801, constituting 2.3% of the total population, which makes them the third largest ethnic group in the country. The vast majority of them live in the southwestern part of the country that borders Montenegro and Kosovo, called Sandžak. Their cultural center is located in Novi Pazar.
FK Jezero is a Montenegrin professional football club based in the town of Plav. Established at 1934, the club plays in the First League of Montenegro.
Rastoder or Hrastoder is a Slavic surname. The bearers are predominantly Bosniaks of Montenegro and ethnic Muslims originating from Bihor, a region in northern Montenegro (Sandžak), which encompasses parts of the municipalities of Berane and Bijelo Polje.
Bosniaks in Kosovo are a South Slavic Muslim ethnic group living in Kosovo, numbering 27,553 according to the 2011 census. The vast majority of Bosniaks are adherents of Sunni Islam.
Radončić is a surname found mostly in Montenegro and the Sandžak region of Serbia. In those areas, it is related with the Radončić brotherhood of Old Kuči. The village Radona with 55 households is attested in the nahiya of Kuči in the defter of the Sanjak of Scutari in 1485. The Radončić family claims descent from Vujošević who are of the Đurđević branch of old Kuči. Marko Miljanov says ultimately the Radončić are from Đurađ Pantin Notable people with the surname include:
Gusinje Municipality is a municipality in northern Montenegro. It is located in the upper Lim valley at an elevation of about 1,000 m (3,000 ft). It was created in 2014, when it split from Plav Municipality. Its center is the small town of Gusinje, and its biggest village in terms of territory is Vusanje. Two of Montenegro's highest mountains overlook Gusinje: Zla Kolata and Visitor. Many of Gusinje's settlements are historically linked with the Albanian Kelmendi tribe (fis). The village of Gusinje developed into a town the 17th century around a fortress built by the Ottomans to contain the Kelmendi. In the 19th century, Gusinje was a developing regional market center. It was engulfed in 1879–1880 in a struggle between the Principality of Montenegro that wanted to annex it and the League of Prizren that opposed it. After the Balkan Wars, Gusinje became part of Montenegro and in 1919 part of Yugoslavia. Today, it is part of Montenegro since its declaration of independence in 2006.
Sead is masculine Bosnian given name equivalent to the Arabic masculine given name Sa'id.
Bosniakisation designates the process of ethnic and cultural assimilation of non-Bosniak individuals or groups into the Bosniak ethnocultural corpus. Historically, bosniakisation was directed mainly towards some other South Slavic groups, like ethnic Muslims (Muslimani) in former Yugoslavia. Since Bosniaks are Sunni Muslims, Bosniakisation was also manifested towards some distinctive ethnoreligious minorities within Serbian and Croatian national corpus, mainly towards Serbian Muslims and Croatian Muslims.
The Plav–Gusinje massacres of 1912-1913 occurred between late 1912 and March 1913 in the areas of the modern Plav and Gusinje municipalities and adjacent areas. More than 1,800 locals, mostly Muslim Albanians from these two regions were killed and 12,000 were forced to convert to Orthodoxy by the military administration put in charge of these regions by the Kingdom of Montenegro which had annexed them during the First Balkan War.
Avram Cemović nicknamed Avro (1864–1914) was a member of notable Serb family Cemović from Vasojevići who is best known as one of the commanders of rebels against Ottoman Empire in the Lower Vasojevići region and military officer in the Army of Montenegro during the First Balkan War.