Brachiomonas

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Brachiomonas
Brachiomonas simplex Hazen.JPG
Plate 4; Brachiomonas simplex Hazen Drawn 29 June—4 July 1920, Aalesund, Norway. [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
(unranked): Viridiplantae
Division: Chlorophyta
Class: Chlorophyceae
Order: Chlamydomonadales
Family: Chlamydomonadaceae
Genus: Brachiomonas
Bohlin, 1897
Species

See text

Brachiomonas is a genus of thalloid biflagellate green algae. These algae generally are found in marine or brackish waters, but can tolerate wide range of salinities. They may occur in freshwater pools near the sea and, occasionally, in polluted inland freshwater habitats. [2]

Contents

Description

Brachiomonas is a single-celled, free-swimming organism. The cells have four or five large, cone-shaped projections on the equatorial region that are pointed towards the back of the cell, as well as one large cone-shaped projection on the end of the cell. In some cases, the horns may be reduced to small bumps. [3] The cell has two flagella which are about as long or longer than the cell body itself. There is a single chloroplast which fills most of the cell, with a single pyrenoid. [3] Cells sometimes have an eyespot, but lack contractile vacuoles. [4] [3] One nucleus is present in the center of the cell. [5]

Asexual reproduction occurs by the successive division of the protoplast into four or eight pieces, which then form into the shape of the mother cell before being released from the mother cell wall. [3] Aplanospores have also been reported. [3] Sexual reproduction is isogamous. The gametes have two flagella, and upon fusing, form a 4-flagellate zygote. [3]

Species

The species currently recognised are: [5]

Species are distinguished from each other by the morphology of the "horns" of the cell, as well as the number of pyrenoids. [4] [6]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chlorophyceae</span> Class of green algae

The Chlorophyceae are one of the classes of green algae, distinguished mainly on the basis of ultrastructural morphology. They are usually green due to the dominance of pigments chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. The chloroplast may be discoid, plate-like, reticulate, cup-shaped, spiral- or ribbon-shaped in different species. Most of the members have one or more storage bodies called pyrenoids located in the chloroplast. Pyrenoids contain protein besides starch. Some green algae may store food in the form of oil droplets. They usually have a cell wall made up of an inner layer of cellulose and outer layer of pectose.

<i>Chlamydomonas</i> Genus of algae

Chlamydomonas is a genus of green algae consisting of about 150 species of unicellular flagellates, found in stagnant water and on damp soil, in freshwater, seawater, and even in snow as "snow algae". Chlamydomonas is used as a model organism for molecular biology, especially studies of flagellar motility and chloroplast dynamics, biogenesis, and genetics. One of the many striking features of Chlamydomonas is that it contains ion channels (channelrhodopsins) that are directly activated by light. Some regulatory systems of Chlamydomonas are more complex than their homologs in Gymnosperms, with evolutionarily related regulatory proteins being larger and containing additional domains.

Asteromonas is a genus of green algae in the family Asteromonadaceae. It has been described from saline, marine, and brackish environments. It is closely related to the genus Dunaliella, another species common in saline waters.

<i>Carteria</i> Genus of algae

Carteria is a genus of green algae in the family Chlamydomonadaceae. Carteria are similar in morphology to the common genus Chlamydomonas and differ by having four, rather than two, flagella at the vegetative stage.

Characiochloris is a genus of green algae in the family Characiochloridaceae. Characiochloris is epiphytic on freshwater algae, or found in soil.

Characiosiphon is a genus of green algae in the family Characiosiphonaceae. It contains a single species, Characiosiphon rivularis.

<i>Characium</i> Genus of algae

Characium is a genus of green algae in the family Characiaceae. It is very commonly found in freshwater habitats, where it is attached to phytoplankton or zooplankton.

Lobocharacium is a genus of green algae in the family Characiosiphonaceae. It contains the single species Lobocharacium coloradoense. It has been isolated from a pond in Colorado, United States.

<i>Neochloris</i> Genus of algae

Neochloris is a genus of green algae in the family Neochloridaceae. It is found in freshwater aquatic and terrestrial soil habitats.

Pseudoschroederia is a genus of green algae in the family Characiaceae. It is planktonic in freshwater habitats, and probably has a cosmopolitan distribution. The genus Pseudoschroederia was circumscribed by Eberhard Hegewald and Eberhard Schnepf in 1986. The genus was distinguished from the similar Schroederia by being heteropolar and differing cell structure. However, some authors do not consider the genera to be separate.

<i>Schroederia</i> (alga) Genus of algae

Schroederia is a genus of green algae in the family Schroederiaceae. Schroederiaceae is a monotypic taxon; Schroederia is its only genus.

<i>Sorastrum</i> Genus of algae

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<i>Sphaeroplea</i> Genus of algae

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<i>Stephanosphaera</i> Genus of algae

Stephanosphaera is a genus of green algae in the family Haematococcaceae, containing the single species Stephanosphaera pluvialis. It forms colonies of flagellated cells. Although it was once placed in the family Volvocaceae, it is not closely related to them; its sister is the unicellular genus Balticola.

Deuterocharacium is a genus of green algae in the family Characiaceae. It is found in freshwater habitats, attached to algae or detritus. It is rare and has only been recorded from Europe.

Follicularia is a genus of green algae, in the family Schizochlamydaceae. It is found in terrestrial habitats, mainly soil.

Korshikoviella is a genus of green algae in the family Characiaceae.

<i>Klebsormidium</i> Genus of algae

Klebsormidium is a genus of filamentous charophyte green algae comprising 20 species. The name was proposed in 1972 to resolve confusion in application and status of Hormidium and was given for the German botanist Georg Albrecht Klebs.

Cecidochloris is a green algae genus in the family Chlorangiellaceae. It occurs in freshwater. However, it has only been reported so far from Europe, with an additional species from India that is incompletely described.

Chlorangiella is a genus of microscopic algae, the type genus of the family Chlorangiellaceae. The name Chlorangiella was coined by Giovanni Battista de Toni in 1889. It is a nomen novum for Chlorangium F.Stein.

References

  1. ↑ Hazen, Tracy E. (1922). "The Phylogeny of the Genus Brachiomonas". Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 49 (4): 75–92. doi:10.2307/2480203. JSTOR   2480203.
  2. ↑ http://www.eol.org/pages/90532 Encyclopedia of Life. Brachiomonas.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Smith, Gilbert M. (1950). The Fresh-water Algae of the United States (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill Book Company.
  4. 1 2 D. M. John; Brian A. Whitton; Alan J. Brook, eds. (2002). The freshwater algal flora of the British Isles: an identification guide to freshwater and terrestrial algae. Cambridge University Press. ISBN   978-0-521-77051-4.
  5. 1 2 Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M. "Brachiomonas". AlgaeBase . World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Retrieved 2023-12-24.
  6. ↑ Ettl, H. (1983). Ettl, H.; Gerloff, J.; Heynig, H.; Mollenhauer, D. (eds.). Chlorophyta. 1. Teil / Part 1: Phytomonadina. Süßwasserflora von Mitteleuropa. Vol. 9. VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag. pp. XIV + 808. ISBN   978-3-8274-2659-8.


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