Career
In 1998,Rind and two other researchers contributed a paper titled A meta-analytic examination of assumed properties of child sexual abuse using college samples to the Psychological Bulletin. The article reported a weak relationship between self-reported CSA and pathology,with the correlation varying between 0.04 to 0.13 across 18 symptoms of psychopathology. The researchers wrote that their study,which proposed that CSA was not inevitably harmful,was not a condonation of child sexual abuse,and also that "...the findings of the current review do not imply that moral or legal definitions of or views on behaviors currently classified as CSA should be abandoned or even altered". [10]
After being published,the article was initially denounced by Catholic newspaper The Wanderer and other American conservative activists,before causing a wider political repercussion in the United States. [10]
Contribution to Haworth's Press' 2005 special issue
In 2005,far-right website WorldNetDaily published a piece denouncing an article titled Pederasty:an integration of empirical,historical,sociological,Cross-Cultural,Cross-species,and evolutionary Perspectives,which was authored by Rind and published in a special issue of then Haworth Press's Journal of Homosexuality. [2] [5] The managing director of WorldNetDaily,David Kupelian,accused Rind of advocating for pederasty and pointed to his previous research to say that advocacy for sex between adults and minors would be the next step for the "sexual liberation" movement. Ultimately,the pressure arising from Kupelian's website culminated with the cancellation of the article's publication by Haworth Press in the same year. [11] [12] [17]
The removal of Rind's article by the publisher,which overrode a previous decision made by the journal's editorial board,caused board member Barbara Fister to resign. In a 2012 article,she stated that Haworth's Press had done "something that I thought was so wrong that I felt I could not in conscience be associated with them". [18] A 2006 academic article published on Sexualities criticized Haworth Press' decision,stating that "rather than allowing the academic community to respond to and to debate [Rind's research],an attempt was made to prevent the material and his ideas from entering the public domain from the start." [2] Following the controversy,Haworth Press stated that they planned to republish Rind's article in a future volume of the journal that would explore the topic of adult-minor sexual activities in a "fully-framed context". [2]
A later version of his 2005 article has the subject of academic reviews and critiques by researchers Eric Alcorn,Richard McAnulty and Lester Wright. [19]
Research on evolution and sexuality
In a paper written in 2015 that examined the origins of pederasty in human evolutionary history,Rind has argued that erotic relationships between boys and men have strengthened the cohesion in the social groups in which they have occurred. Researcher David Greenberg wrote that Rind appeared,on that paper,to argue that pederasty began as an facultative evolutionary trait (i.e. a trait that is significantly dependent on the environment and may not be widely manifested across significantly different circumstances),as opposed to an obligatory one. [6]
Rind has criticized Michael Seto's view that hebephilia is an evolutionarily maladaptive chronophilia,describing it instead in a 2016 paper as an advantageous exaptation which had been previously observed among old world primates and pre-industrial societies. In 2017,Seto wrote that Rind's arguments did not explain why only a minority of men are hebephilic. He also stated that,if given the choice,most men would freely choose to partner with a young sexually mature woman rather than a pubescent girl. In his article,Seto wrote:"I wonder if Rind would concede that persons with exclusive or preferential hebephilia might demonstrate maladaptation". [7]
In a 2015 paper,Rind stated that the current scientific theories on the functions of homosexuality are a work in progress and outlined some recommendations that may improve the methodology in the area. He responded to the criticism that such theories amounted to post-hoc rationalizations,stating that corroborating evidence from different sources and hypothesis generation and testing can aid in the development of valid scientific theories in the field. [3]
Research on same-sex attraction
In a 2013 paper,Rind argued that adverse childhood experiences such as poverty,parental alcohol issues and having a step-parent may weaken normative controls and potentially increase the likelihood of one acknowledging and acting upon an already existing same-sex attraction. An article published on the Archives of Sexual Behaviors commented,referring to Rind's arguments,that it could also be hypothesized that the destigmatization of homosexuality could increase the rates of same-sex sexual behaviors and decrease the disparities at which same-sex attracted people report adverse childhood experiences when compared with heterosexuals. [4]
Research on tipping and weather
In a 1996 research,Rind found that restaurant tipping was significantly dependent on the weather,with good weathers being correlated with higher tipping even inside enclosed venues. The two studies were conducted over the curse of two months and were aided by a student of Rind's,who worked as a waiter at an Atlantic City casino. The research corroborated previous studies that reported a link between good weathers and tipping,adding that the knowledge of a favorable weather alone predicted more tippings. [20] [14] [15]
In the first study,18%,26% and 29% of clients tipped during rainy,partly sunny and sunny days respectively. In the second study,clients were told the weather at random in order to account for external factors that may have influenced their decisions. [16]
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