Cabinet Dufaure I (France)

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Cabinet Dufaure I
Flag of France (1794-1815, 1830-1958).svg
54th Cabinet of France
Gouvernement Dufaure (photomontage Appert, 1872).jpg
The cabinet at the end of 1872.
Date formed19 February 1871 (1871-02-19)
Date dissolved18 May 1873 (1873-05-18)
People and organisations
President [lower-alpha 1] Adolphe Thiers
Head of government Jules Dufaure
Member parties
Status in legislatureMajority
580 / 638 (91%)
Opposition parties
History
Election(s) 1871 legislative election
Predecessor National Defence
Successor Dufaure II

The First cabinet of Jules Dufaure was the 54th cabinet of France and the second of the Third Republic, seating from 19 February 1871 [1] to 18 May 1873, [2] headed by Jules Dufaure as Vice-President of the Council of Ministers [3] and Minister of Justice, under the presidency of Adolphe Thiers.

Contents

History

National Assembly following the elections of 8 February 1871. France Chambre des deputes 1871.png
National Assembly following the elections of 8 February 1871.

The Government of National Defence, having led the republic during the Franco-Prussian War, signed the Armistice of Versailles which provided for new elections in the National Assembly to establish a more legitimate government. [4]

The cabinet was formed following the Legislative elections of 1871, which saw a majority of royalists elected. [5] Their initial project was a third Restoration of descendants of either the Bourbons or the Orléans; [6] the Republic was merely seen at that time by royalists as a system of transition before the return of a constitutional monarchy.

However, Jules Dufaure succeeded in assembling a coalition of Opportunists, Legitimists, Orleanists and independent Liberals, while leaving Bonapartists, marginalized following the fall of the Second Empire, [6] and Radicals, openly in favour of the pursuit of the war, out of the majority.

On 18 May 1873, Adolphe Thiers, wishing to reorganize the government and to make it more republican leaning, asked the cabinet to resign and tasked Jules Dufaure to form a new one, leading to the formation of the Cabinet Dufaure II. [2]

Actions

The main actions of the government were to deal with the Paris Commune [7] and to end the Franco-Prussian War by conducting negotiations with Bismarck before signing the Treaty of Frankfurt and reducing the indemnity requested by Prussia to five billion francs. [5]

It also supervised the reorganization of the French Army in order to provide it with manpower equivalent to that of the Prussian Army and to professionalize it, [8] and finally dissolved the National Guard now seen as a major threat to the republic and the regular army. [9]

Composition

Vice-President of the Council of Ministers : Jules Dufaure
Portfolio [lower-alpha 2] NameTook officeLeft officePartyRef.
Minister of Justice 19 February 187118 May 1873  Opportunist Republicans [1]
Minister of Foreign Affairs 19 February 18712 August 1871  Opportunist Republicans [1]
2 August 187118 May 1873  Centre-right [10]
Minister of Interior 19 February 18715 June 1871  Centre-left [1]
Félix Lambrecht
5 June 187111 October 1871  Centre-left [11]
11 October 18716 February 1872  Opportunist Republicans [12]
6 February 18727 December 1872  Opportunist Republicans [13]
Eugène de Goulard
7 December 187218 May 1873  Orleanist [14]
Minister of War 19 February 18715 June 1871  Orleanist [1]
5 June 187118 May 1873  Legitimist [11]
Minister of Navy and Colonies 19 February 187118 May 1873  Centre-left [1]
Minister of Public Instruction 19 February 187118 May 1873  Opportunist Republicans [1]
Minister of Agriculture
Félix Lambrecht
19 February 18715 June 1871  Centre-left [1]
5 June 18716 February 1872  Opportunist Republicans [11]
Eugène de Goulard
6 February 187223 April 1872  Orleanist [13]
23 April 187218 May 1873  Centre-left [15]
Minister of Public Works 19 February 18717 December 1872  Legitimist [1]
7 December 187218 May 1873  Centre-right [16]
Minister of Finance 19 February 187125 February 1871  Centre-right [1]
25 February 187123 April 1872  Centre-right [17]
Eugène de Goulard
23 April 18727 December 1872  Orleanist [15]
7 December 187218 May 1873  ALP [16]
Undersecretary of State
for the Ministry of Interior
Marc-Antoine Calmon
23 February 18717 December 1872  Centre-left [18]
Ernest Pascal
9 April 187318 May 1873  Bonapartist [19]
Undersecretary of State
for the Ministry of War
Charles Letellier-Valazé
26 March 187318 May 1873  Centre-left [20]

Notes

  1. ↑ Titled Chief of the Executive Power of the French Republic from 17 February 1871 to 31 August 1871.
  2. ↑ Order of the list corresponds to the order of appointment.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Government of the French Republic (19 February 1871). "Decree on the composition of the government". gallica.bnf.fr (in French). Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  2. 1 2 Government of the French Republic (18 May 1873). "Decree on the composition of the government". gallica.bnf.fr (in French). Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  3. ↑ Government of the French Republic (2 September 1872). "Decree appointing the Vice-President of the Council of Ministers". gallica.bnf.fr (in French). Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  4. ↑ Fortescue, William (2000). The Third Republic in France 1870-1940: Conflicts and Continuities. Routledge. p. 11. ISBN   0-415-16944-5 . Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  5. 1 2 Fortescue, William (2000). The Third Republic in France 1870-1940: Conflicts and Continuities. Routledge. p. 12. ISBN   0-415-16944-5 . Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  6. 1 2 Fortescue, William (2000). The Third Republic in France 1870-1940: Conflicts and Continuities. Routledge. p. 24. ISBN   0-415-16944-5 . Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  7. ↑ Schmidt, Martin E. (1974). Alexandre Ribot: Odyssey of a Liberal in the Third Republic. Martinus Nijhoff. p. 12. ISBN   978-90-247-1639-5 . Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  8. ↑ Grubb, Alan (1996). The Politics of Pessimism: Albert de Broglie and Conservative Politics in the Early Third Republic. Associated University Presses. p. 75. ISBN   0-87413-575-3 . Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  9. ↑ Ollier, Edmund (1871). Cassell's History of the War Between France and Germany, 1870-1871, Volume 2. Cassell, Petter & Galpin. p. 530. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  10. ↑ Government of the French Republic (2 August 1871). "Decree appointing the Minister of Foreign Affairs". gallica.bnf.fr (in French). Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  11. 1 2 3 Government of the French Republic (5 June 1871). "Decree appointing the Minister of Interior, the Minister of Agriculture and the Minister of War". gallica.bnf.fr (in French). Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  12. ↑ Government of the French Republic (11 October 1871). "Decree appointing the Minister of Interior". gallica.bnf.fr (in French). Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  13. 1 2 Government of the French Republic (6 February 1872). "Decree appointing the Minister of Interior and the Minister of Agriculture". gallica.bnf.fr (in French). Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  14. ↑ Government of the French Republic (7 December 1872). "Decree appointing the Minister of Interior". gallica.bnf.fr (in French). Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  15. 1 2 Government of the French Republic (23 April 1872). "Decree appointing the Minister of Finance and the Minister of Agriculture". gallica.bnf.fr (in French). Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  16. 1 2 Government of the French Republic (7 December 1872). "Decree appointing the Minister of Finance and the Minister of Public Works". gallica.bnf.fr (in French). Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  17. ↑ Government of the French Republic (25 February 1871). "Decree appointing the Minister of Finance". gallica.bnf.fr (in French). Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  18. ↑ Government of the French Republic (23 February 1871). "Decree appointing an Undersecretary of State". gallica.bnf.fr (in French). Retrieved 16 March 2020.
  19. ↑ Government of the French Republic (9 April 1873). "Decree appointing an Undersecretary of State". gallica.bnf.fr (in French). Retrieved 16 March 2020.
  20. ↑ Government of the French Republic (26 March 1873). "Decree appointing an Undersecretary of State". gallica.bnf.fr (in French). Retrieved 16 March 2020.
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