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The Prix de Rome or Grand Prix de Rome was a French scholarship for arts students, initially for painters and sculptors, that was established in 1663 during the reign of Louis XIV of France. Winners were awarded a bursary that allowed them to stay in Rome for three to five years at the expense of the state. The prize was extended to architecture in 1720, music in 1803 and engraving in 1804. The prestigious award was abolished in 1968 by André Malraux, then Minister of Culture, following the May 68 riots that called for cultural change.
The Minister of Transport is a cabinet member in the Government of France. The position was created in 1870 as a modification to the position of Minister of Public Works (1830–1870). It has frequently been combined with the position of Minister of Public Works, Minister of Housing (Logement), Minister of Tourism, Minister of Territorial Development, and Minister of the Sea
The Minister of Posts and Telegraphs, to which was later added the charge of Telephones, was, in the Government of France, the cabinet member in charge of the French Postal Service and development of the national telecommunication system. The position was occasionally combined with Minister of Commerce and Industry or Minister of Public Works. The ministerial position does not currently exist, and its portfolio has largely been merged into other ministerial positions.
The Minister of Worship was a cabinet member in the Government of France responsible for overseeing the French government's relationship with religions. An area of particular attention was the Roman Catholic Church's role in public education, and the portfolio of Minister of Worship was frequently combined with "Minister of Public Education". After the founding of the Third Republic in 1871, the Jules Ferry laws and the 1905 law on the separation of the State and the Church, the Minister of Worship was combined with the Minister of Interior. Thus, it is in that quality that the previous Interior Minister Nicolas Sarkozy created in 2003 the CFCM.
Events from the year 1879 in France.
Events from the year 1800 in France.
The military governor of Paris is a post within the French Army. He commands the garrison of Paris and represents all the military based in Paris at high state occasions. He is also responsible for organizing major national ceremonies such as the Bastille Day military parade down the Champs-Élysées.
The Holy September Martyrs, also referred to as the Blessed Martyrs of Carmes, is the term sometimes used for 191 Catholics killed at the Carmes Prison in Paris in the September Massacres of 1792 during the French Revolution.
A senator for life was an honorary position in the French Third Republic, similar to that of senator for life in other countries. At one time the French Senate was composed of 300 members, of whom 75 were inamovible ("unremovable").