Cabinet of Dilma Rousseff

Last updated
Rousseff Cabinet
Flag of Brazil.svg
Cabinet of Brazil
2011–2016
Posse Ministros Dilma 2011.jpg
Cabinet of President Dilma Rousseff in January 2011
Date formed1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)
Date dissolved12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)
People and organisations
President Dilma Rousseff
President's historyFormer Chief of Staff of the Presidency
(2005–2010)
Former Minister of Mines and Energy
(2003–2005)
Vice President Michel Temer
No. of ministers40
Member parties
Status in legislature
Opposition parties
History
Election(s) 2010 general election
2014 general election
Legislature term(s)54th Legislature of the National Congress
55th Legislature of the National Congress
Advice and consent Federal Senate
Outgoing formation Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff
Predecessor First cabinet of Lula da Silva
Successor Cabinet of Michel Temer

After the 2010 election, Dilma Rousseff became the first woman to be President of Brazil. Her cabinet was unveiled in November 2010. [1] [2] [3] A second cabinet was formed after the 2014 election. [4]

Contents

Cabinet

PortfolioMinisterTookofficeLeftofficeParty
Chief of Staff 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)7 June 2011 (2011-06-07)  PT
8 June 2011 (2011-06-08)2 February 2014 (2014-02-02)  PT
2 February 2014 (2014-02-02)2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)  PT
2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)17 March 2016 (2016-03-17)  PT
17 March 2016 (2016-03-17)18 March 2016 (2016-03-18)  PT
Eva Chiavon
18 March 2016 (2016-03-18)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  PT
Secretary of Civil Aviation
Wagner Bittencourt
18 March 2011 (2011-03-18)15 March 2013 (2013-03-15)  Independent
15 March 2013 (2013-03-15)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  MDB
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)4 December 2015 (2015-12-04)  MDB
Guilherme Ramalho
7 December 2015 (2015-12-07)17 March 2016 (2016-03-17)  Independent
Mauro Lopes
17 March 2016 (2016-03-17)18 April 2016 (2016-04-18)  MDB
Guilherme Ramalho
18 April 2016 (2016-04-18)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  Independent
Secretary-General of the Presidency
Gilberto Carvalho
1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  PT
Miguel Rossetto
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)  PT
Secretary of Government 2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  PT
Secretary of Human Rights 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)1 April 2014 (2014-04-01)  PT
1 April 2014 (2014-04-01)16 April 2015 (2015-04-16)  PT
Pepe Vargas
16 April 2015 (2015-04-16)2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)  PT
Secretary of Institutional Affairs
Luiz Sérgio Nóbrega
1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)10 June 2011 (2011-06-10)  PT
10 June 2011 (2011-06-10)1 April 2014 (2014-04-01)  PT
1 April 2014 (2014-04-01)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  PT
Pepe Vargas
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)7 April 2015 (2015-04-07)  PT
Secretary of Institutional Security 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)  Independent
2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  Independent
Secretary of Micro and Small Business6 May 2013 (2013-05-06)2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)  PSD
Secretary of Politics for Women
Iriny Lopes
1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)10 February 2012 (2012-02-10)  PT
10 February 2012 (2012-02-10)2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)  PT
Secretary of Ports and Water Transports
Leônidas Cristino
1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)3 October 2013 (2013-10-03)  PSB
Antonio Pinheiro
3 October 2013 (2013-10-03)26 June 2014 (2014-06-26)  Independent
César Borges
26 June 2014 (2014-06-26)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  PR
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)  MDB
2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)20 April 2016 (2016-04-20)  MDB
Maurício Muniz
20 April 2016 (2016-04-20)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  Independent
Secretary of Promotion of Racial Equality 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  Independent
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)  Independent
Secretary of Social Communication
Helena Chagas
1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)3 February 2014 (2014-02-03)  Independent
Thomas Traumann
3 February 2014 (2014-02-03)25 March 2015 (2015-03-25)  PSD
Edinho Silva
31 March 2015 (2015-03-31)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  PT
Secretary of Strategic Affairs1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)15 March 2013 (2013-03-15)  MDB
Marcelo Neri
22 March 2013 (2013-03-22)5 February 2015 (2015-02-05)  Independent
5 February 2015 (2015-02-05)14 September 2015 (2015-09-14)  Independent
Vitor Pinto Chaves
14 September 2015 (2015-09-14)2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)  Independent
Attorney General 23 October 2009 (2009-10-23)3 March 2016 (2016-03-03)  Independent
3 March 2016 (2016-03-03)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  PT
Comptroller General
Jorge Hage
31 March 2006 (2006-03-31)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  Independent
Waldir Moysés Simão
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)21 December 2015 (2015-12-21)  Independent
21 December 2015 (2015-12-21)29 February 2016 (2016-02-29)  Independent
Luiz Navarro de Brito
29 February 2016 (2016-02-29)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  Independent
Minister of Agrarian Development
Afonso Florence
1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)14 March 2012 (2012-03-14)  PT
Pepe Vargas
14 March 2012 (2012-03-14)17 March 2014 (2014-03-17)  PT
Miguel Rossetto
17 March 2014 (2014-03-17)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  PT
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  PT
Minister of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply
Wagner Rossi
1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)17 August 2011 (2011-08-17)  MDB
Mendes Ribeiro Filho
17 August 2011 (2011-08-17)16 March 2013 (2013-03-16)  PP
Antônio Andrade
16 March 2013 (2013-03-16)17 March 2014 (2014-03-17)  MDB
Neri Geller
17 March 2014 (2014-03-17)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  PP
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  MDB
Minister of Cities 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)2 February 2012 (2012-02-02)  PP
7 February 2012 (2012-02-07)17 March 2014 (2014-03-17)  PP
17 March 2014 (2014-03-17)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  PP
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)15 April 2016 (2016-04-15)  PSD
Inês da Silva Magalhães
15 April 2016 (2016-04-15)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  Independent
Minister of Communications 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  PT
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)  PT
2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  PDT
Minister of Culture 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)13 September 2012 (2012-09-13)  Independent
13 September 2012 (2012-09-13)11 November 2014 (2014-11-11)  PT
Ana Cristina Wanzeler
11 November 2014 (2014-11-11)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  Independent
Juca Ferreira
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  PT
Minister of Defence 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)4 August 2011 (2011-08-04)  MDB
4 August 2011 (2011-08-04)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  PT
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)  PT
2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  PCdoB
Minister of Development Industry and Foreign Trade 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)14 February 2014 (2014-02-14)  PT
Mauro Borges Lemos
14 February 2014 (2014-02-14)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  Independent
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  PTB
Minister of Education 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)23 January 2012 (2012-01-23)  PT
23 January 2012 (2012-01-23)3 February 2014 (2014-02-03)  PT
José Henrique Paim
3 February 2014 (2014-02-03)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  PT
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)18 March 2015 (2015-03-18)  PROS
Luiz Cláudio Costa
18 March 2015 (2015-03-18)6 April 2015 (2015-04-06)  Independent
6 April 2015 (2015-04-06)30 September 2015 (2015-09-30)  Independent
2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  PT
Minister of Environment
Izabella Teixeira
1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  Independent
Minister of Finance 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  PT
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)18 December 2015 (2015-12-18)  Independent
18 December 2015 (2015-12-18)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  Independent
Minister of Fishing and Aquaculture 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)10 June 2011 (2011-06-10)  PT
Luiz Sérgio Nóbrega
10 June 2011 (2011-06-10)2 March 2012 (2012-03-02)  PT
2 March 2012 (2012-03-02)17 March 2014 (2014-03-17)  Republicanos
17 March 2014 (2014-03-17)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  Republicanos
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  MDB
Minister of Foreign Affairs 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)26 August 2013 (2013-08-26)  Independent
26 August 2013 (2013-08-26)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  Independent
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  Independent
Minister of Health 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)2 February 2014 (2014-02-02)  PT
2 February 2014 (2014-02-02)2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)  PT
2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  MDB
Minister of Justice 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)3 March 2016 (2016-03-03)  PT
Wellington Lima e Silva
3 March 2016 (2016-03-03)14 March 2016 (2016-03-14)  Independent
Eugênio Aragão
14 March 2016 (2016-03-14)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  Independent
Minister of Labour and Employment 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)4 December 2011 (2011-12-04)  PDT
Paulo dos Santos Pinto
4 December 2011 (2011-12-04)30 April 2012 (2012-04-30)  Independent
Brizola Neto
30 April 2012 (2012-04-30)15 March 2013 (2013-03-15)  PDT
Manoel Dias
15 March 2013 (2013-03-15)2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)  PDT
Miguel Ressetto
2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  PT
Minister of Mines and Energy 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  MDB
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)20 April 2016 (2016-04-20)  MDB
Marco Antônio Almeida
20 April 2016 (2016-04-20)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  Independent
Minister of National Integration 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)1 October 2013 (2013-10-01)  PSB
Francisco Teixeira
1 October 2013 (2013-10-01)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  Independent
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)13 April 2016 (2016-04-13)  PP
Josélio de Andrade Moura
13 April 2016 (2016-04-13)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  Independent
Minister of Planning, Budget and Management
Miriam Belchior
1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  PT
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)18 December 2015 (2015-12-18)  Independent
Valdir Moysés Simão
21 December 2015 (2015-12-21)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  Independent
Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)23 January 2012 (2012-01-23)  PT
Marco Antonio Raupp
23 January 2012 (2012-01-23)17 March 2014 (2014-03-17)  Independent
Clélio Campolina Diniz
17 March 2014 (2014-03-17)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  Independent
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)  PCdoB
Celso Pansera
2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)14 April 2016 (2016-04-14)  MDB
Emília Ribeiro Curi
14 April 2016 (2016-04-14)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  Independent
Minister of Social Development and Fight against Hunger 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  PT
Minister of Social Security 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  MDB
Carlos Eduardo Gabas
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)  PT
Minister of Sports 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)26 October 2011 (2011-10-26)  PCdoB
26 October 2011 (2011-10-26)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  PCdoB
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)23 March 2016 (2016-03-23)  Republicanos
Ricardo Leyser
31 March 2016 (2016-03-31)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  PCdoB
Minister of Tourism
Pedro Novais
1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)14 September 2011 (2011-09-14)  MDB
Gastão Vieira
14 September 2011 (2011-09-14)17 March 2014 (2014-03-17)  MDB
Vinicius Lages
17 March 2014 (2014-03-17)16 April 2015 (2015-04-16)  Independent
16 April 2015 (2015-04-16)28 March 2015 (2015-03-28)  MDB
Alberto Alves
28 March 2016 (2016-03-28)21 April 2016 (2016-04-21)  Independent
21 April 2016 (2016-04-21)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  PT
Minister of Transport 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)6 July 2011 (2011-07-06)  PR
Paulo Sérgio Passos
6 July 2011 (2011-07-06)1 April 2013 (2013-04-01)  PR
César Borges
1 April 2013 (2013-04-01)26 June 2014 (2014-06-26)  PR
Paulo Sérgio Passos
26 June 2014 (2014-06-26)1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)  PR
Antonio Carlos Rodrigues
1 January 2015 (2015-01-01)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  PR
Minister of Women, Racial Equality and Human Rights
Nila Lino Gomes
2 October 2015 (2015-10-02)12 May 2016 (2016-05-12)  Independent

Non-cabinet positions

PortfolioMinisterTookofficeLeftofficeParty
President of the Central Bank of Brazil 1 January 2011 (2011-01-01)13 June 2016 (2016-06-13)  Independent
Chairman of the Brazilian Development Bank 1 May 2007 (2007-05-01)16 May 2016 (2016-05-16)  Independent
CEO of Petrobras
Sérgio Gabrielli
22 July 2005 (2005-07-22)13 February 2012 (2012-02-13)  Independent
13 February 2012 (2012-02-13)4 February 2015 (2015-02-04)  Independent
6 February 2015 (2015-02-06)30 May 2016 (2016-05-30)  Independent
Chief of the Joint Staff of the Armed Forces 6 September 2010 (2010-09-06)7 December 2015 (2015-12-07)  Independent
7 December 2015 (2015-12-07)15 January 2019 (2019-01-15)  Independent
Commander of the Brazilian Army 8 March 2007 (2007-03-08)5 February 2015 (2015-02-05)  Independent
Gen. Eduardo Villas Bôas
5 February 2015 (2015-02-05)11 January 2019 (2019-01-11)  Independent
Commander of the Brazilian Navy 1 March 2007 (2007-03-01)7 February 2015 (2015-02-07)  Independent
Adm. Eduardo Bacellar Ferreira
7 February 2015 (2015-02-07)9 January 2019 (2019-01-09)  Independent
Commander of the Brazilian Air Force
Lt. Brig. Juniti Saito
1 March 2007 (2007-03-01)30 January 2015 (2015-01-30)  Independent
30 January 2015 (2015-01-30)4 January 2019 (2019-01-04)  Independent

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Republicans (Brazil)</span> Political party in Brazil

Republicans, formerly known as Brazilian Republican Party and originally formed as the Municipalist Renewal Party is a Brazilian political party. Its electoral number is 10.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dilma Rousseff</span> President of Brazil from 2011 to 2016

Dilma Vana Rousseff is a Brazilian economist and politician who served as the 36th president of Brazil, holding the position from 2011 until her impeachment and removal from office on 31 August 2016. She is the first woman to have held the Brazilian presidency and had previously served as chief of staff to former president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva from 2005 to 2010. She has been chair of the New Development Bank since March 2023.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chief of Staff of the Presidency</span> Government official who heads the Civil House of the Presidency of Brazil

The Minister of State Head of the Civilian House of the Presidency of the Republic is the chief of staff of the Presidency of the Federative Republic of Brazil, and a member of the president's cabinet. The post was established on 1 December 1938.

With the Strength of the People, until 2014 named For Brazil to Keep on Changing, was a left-wing electoral coalition formed around the democratic socialist Workers' Party (PT) in Brazil for the 2010 presidential election. It consisted of ten parties: the Worker's Party (PT), Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB), Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB), Democratic Labour Party (PDT), Brazilian Republican Party (PRB), Party of the Republic (PR), Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB), Social Christian Party (PSC), Christian Labour Party (PTC) and National Labor Party (PTN). On October 14, they were unofficially joined by the Progressive Party (PP). The coalition's presidential candidate was Dilma Rousseff from the PT while the vice-presidential candidate was Michel Temer from the PMDB. They were finally elected on October 31, 2010.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paulo Bernardo</span> Brazilian politician

Paulo Bernardo Silva is a Brazilian politician, member of the Workers' Party (PT). He was Minister of Communications during the government of Dilma Rousseff and Minister of Planning during the government of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">José Elito Carvalho Siqueira</span>

Army General José Elito Carvalho Siqueira is a Brazilian Army general, former Chief-Minister of the Institutional Security Cabinet of the Presidency of the Republic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2014 Brazilian general election</span>

General elections were held in Brazil on 5 October 2014 to elect the president, the National Congress, and state governorships. As no candidate in the presidential election received more than 50% of the vote in the first round on 5 October 2014, a second-round runoff was held on 26 October 2014.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2015 in Brazil</span> Brazil-related events during the year of 2015

Events in the year 2015 in Brazil:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mauro Vieira</span> Brazilian diplomat

Mauro Luiz Iecker Vieira is a Brazilian diplomat serving as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Brazil since 1 January 2023 under President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. Vieira occupied the same office between 2015 and 2016 during President Dilma Rousseff's second term.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2016 in Brazil</span> Brazil-related events during the year of 2016

Events in the year 2016 in Brazil:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2018 Brazilian general election</span>

General elections were held in Brazil on 7 October 2018 to elect the president, National Congress and state governors. As no candidate in the presidential election received more than 50% of the vote in the first round, a runoff round was held on 28 October.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Patrus Ananias</span> Brazilian politician

Patrus Ananias de Sousa is a Brazilian lawyer and politician, member of the Workers' Party (PT). He was Minister of Agrarian Development during the second term of president Dilma Rousseff.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guilherme Afif Domingos</span> Brazilian politician

Guilherme Afif Domingos is a Brazilian company administrator, entrepreneur, and politician of Lebanese descent, member of the Social Democratic Party (PSD). He was Vice Governor of São Paulo between 2011 and 2014, and chief-minister of the Secretariat of Micro and Small Business of the Presidency of the Republic between 2013 and 2015. Currently, is president of the Sebrae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Onyx Lorenzoni</span> Brazilian politician, businessman, and veterinarian

Onyx Dornelles Lorenzoni is a Brazilian politician, businessman, and veterinarian. A member of the Liberal Party (PL), he served as a federal deputy from Rio Grande do Sul for five terms. After the 2018 Brazilian general election, the president-elect Jair Bolsonaro invited Lorenzoni to be his Chief of Staff. He was also designated leader of the transition team.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Luiz Henrique Mandetta</span> Brazilian orthopedist, politician

Luiz Henrique Mandetta is a Brazilian pediatric orthopedist and politician, member of the Brazil Union (UNIÃO). Mandetta was announced on 20 November 2018 as Minister of Health of president Jair Bolsonaro, replacing Gilberto Occhi. On 16 April 2020 he was fired by Bolsonaro after disagreements over social distancing policies during the coronavirus pandemic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ricardo Salles</span>

Ricardo de Aquino Salles is a Brazilian politician who has served as Minister of the Environment from 1 January 2019 to 23 June 2021, under President Jair Bolsonaro.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tarcísio de Freitas</span> Brazilian politician

Tarcísio Gomes de Freitas is a Brazilian engineer and politician who has served as Governor of São Paulo since 1 January 2023. A member of the Republicanos party, Freitas served Minister of Infrastructure under President Jair Bolsonaro from 1 January 2019 to 31 March 2022.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">George Hilton (politician)</span> Brazilian politician

George Hilton dos Santos Cecílio more commonly known as George Hilton is a Brazilian politician and radio personality. Although born in Bahia, he has spent his political career representing Minas Gerais, having served as state representative since 2007.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jorge Messias</span> Attorney General of Brazil (2023–present)

Jorge Rodrigo Araújo Messias is a Brazilian attorney, incumbent Attorney General of Brazil nominated by president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. He is a prosecutor of National Finances since 2007 and served as sub-chief for juridical affairs of the Chief of Staff during the presidency of Dilma Rousseff.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orlando Silva (politician)</span> Brazilian politician, former Minister of Sports

Orlando Silva de Jesus Júnior is a Brazilian politician affiliated with the Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB). He was Minister of Sports in the Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff governments and was elected federal deputy in 2014. In the Chamber of Deputies, he was vice-leader of President Dilma Rousseff between 2015 and 2016. He was chairman of the Labor, Administration and Public Services Commission in 2017, and leader of the PCdoB bench in 2018.

References

  1. "Veja nomes do ministério de Dilma". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). 24 November 2010. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
  2. Lago, Rudolfo (30 December 2010). "Conheça Dilma e seus 37 ministros". Congresso em Foco (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 22 June 2023.
  3. "Com 9 mulheres, Dilma supera 'cota' de Lula, FHC, Collor, Itamar e Sarney". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). 26 December 2010. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
  4. "Saiba quem são os novos ministros do governo Dilma". EBC (in Brazilian Portuguese). 23 December 2014. Retrieved 22 June 2023.