Change 21 Cambio 21 | |
---|---|
Leader | Maritza Garcia |
President | Alberto Fujimori Kenji Fujimori |
General Secretary | Kenji Fujimori |
Founded | 20 March 2018 |
Dissolved | 30 September 2019 |
Split from | Popular Force |
Headquarters | Lima |
Ideology | Fujimorism Progressive conservatism Liberal conservatism Economic liberalism Right-wing populism |
Political position | Right-wing |
Colors | Red |
Party flag | |
Change 21 (Spanish : Cambio 21) was a parliamentary group for the congressional term of 2016 to 2021 in the Congress of Peru. The group was introduced on 20 March 2018, led by then-congressman Kenji Fujimori, and was formally recognized on 19 December of the same year by the President of Congress Daniel Salaverry. Its members are former members of Popular Force. [1] The parliamentary group was disbanded following the dissolution of the Congress on 30 September 2019 by President Martin Vizcarra.
On 21 December 2017, proposals to impeach President Pedro Pablo Kuczynski reached the floor of Congress. [2] Ultimately, the proposal to impeach the president failed as 10 members of the majority opposition party Popular Force voted against removing Kuczynski from the presidency. [3] On 31 December 2017, the party's Disciplinary Committee recommended dismissing the ten members from Popular Force. [4] On 1 March 2018, following dismissal from the party, Kenji Fujimori resigned from the leadership of the Fujimorist faction, changing moving towards a more progressive and liberal agenda. [5] Later in January, Fujimori informally nicknamed his group as the Avengers, a reference to the fictional film Avengers: Infinity War. [6] [7] On 20 March, the informal group announced the creation of the political faction Cambio 21 with plans to become an official political party with the incarcerated former president Alberto Fujimori as leader. [8] [9]
On 19 December, the President of Congress Daniel Salaverry formally recognized the faction. [10]
Current congressional members of Change 21 are former members of Popular Force: Estelita Bustos, Maritza García, Clayton Galván, Marvin Palma, Luis Yika, Yesenia Ponce, Roberto Vieira and Lizbeth Robles. [11]
Guillermo Bocángel, Bienvenido Ramírez and Kenji Fujimori were suspended from Congress before the formal recognition of Change 21 as a congressional faction.
Possible Peru was a Peruvian political party. It was founded in 1994 by Alejandro Toledo with the original name of Possible Country.
Republican Action was a short-lived Peruvian conservative parliamentary caucus. Led by former Peruvians for Change congressman Pedro Olaechea, the caucus was mainly composed of former members of Popular Force.
The Broad Front for Justice, Life and Liberty, or simply Broad Front, is a major political coalition of parties, political organizations, social movements and activist citizens of Peru whose main objective is to consolidate the different leftist, progressive, socialist and communist sectors.
Keiko Sofía Fujimori Higuchi is a Peruvian politician. Fujimori is the eldest daughter of former Peruvian president Alberto Fujimori and Susana Higuchi. From August 1994 to November 2000, she held the role of First Lady of Peru, during her father's administrations. She has served as the leader of the Fujimorist political party Popular Force since 2010, and was a congresswoman representing the Lima Metropolitan Area, from 2006 to 2011. Fujimori ran for president in the 2011, 2016, and 2021 elections, but was defeated each time in the second round of voting.
Martha Lupe Moyano Delgado is a Peruvian nurse, Fujimorist politician and a congresswoman representing Lima for the 2021–2026 term, previously serving in the 2000–2001, 2001–2006, and 2006-2011 terms. Moyano belongs to the Alliance for the Future party. She is the sister of María Elena Moyano, who was assassinated by Shining Path.
Víctor Andrés García Belaúnde, is a Peruvian lawyer and politician belonging to the Popular Action and a former Congressman representing Lima between 2006 and 2019. He was president of the Popular Action from 2004 to 2009.
Luis Fernando Galarreta Velarde is a Peruvian Fujimorist politician and a former Congressman representing Lima between 2006 and 2020. He was President of the Congress for the 2017–2018 annual term. Galarreta was part of the presidential ticket of Keiko Fujimori in the 2021 elections that lost the elections to the Pedro Castillo ticket, however, he was elected to the Andean Parliament.
Popular Force, known as Force 2011 until 2012, is a right-wing populist and Fujimorist political party in Peru. The party is led by Keiko Fujimori, former congresswoman and daughter of former President Alberto Fujimori. She ran unsuccessfully for the presidency in the 2011, 2016 and 2021 presidential elections, all losing by a narrow margin.
Kenji Gerardo Fujimori Higuchi is a Peruvian businessman, politician and a former congressman representing Lima from 2011 until he was suspended from congressional duty in June 2018, in aftermath of the Mamanivideos scandal. He is the son of former President Alberto Fujimori and former First Lady and congresswoman Susana Higuchi. He has three siblings: Hiro Alberto, Sachi Marcela and Keiko Fujimori. In the 2011 elections, he ran for Congress in the constituency of Lima, under the Force 2011, a Fujimorist political party led by his sister Keiko, being the most voted congressman in 2011. In the 2016 elections, he was re-elected for a second term to Congress, once again representing the same constituency, under the Popular Force, as he received a high number of votes and being the most voted congressman in 2016. In June 2018, following the "Mamanivideos" scandal, Congress suspended Kenji and two other congressmen of his party for allegations of crimes of influence peddling and bribery.
Peruvians for Change was a centre-right party in Peru.
Daniel Enrique Salaverry Villa is a Peruvian architect, businessman and politician. Between 2016 and 2019, he served in Congress representing the Department of La Libertad. Elected to Congress under the Fujimorist Popular Force party, he was the party's spokesperson for a year, and was President of the Congress from 2018 to 2019. He ran as a candidate for the presidency of Peru for the We Are Peru party in the 2021 general elections.
The presidency of Pedro Pablo Kuczynski in Peru began with his inauguration on Peru independence day and ended with the president's resignation following a corruption scandal on March 23, 2018.
Since 2016, Peru has been plagued with political instability and a growing crisis, initially between the President, Pedro Pablo Kuczynski and Congress, led de facto by Keiko Fujimori. The crisis emerged in late 2016 and early 2017 as the polarization of Peruvian politics increased, as well as a growing schism between the executive and legislative branches of government. Fujimori and her Fujimorist supporters would use their control of Congress to obstruct the executive branch of successive governments, resulting with a period of political instability in Peru.
Liberal Bench was a Peruvian parliamentary caucus formed by Francesco Petrozzi during the 2016–2019 term of the Peruvian Congress. The group was introduced on December 19, 2018, by congressman Alberto de Belaúnde and was formally recognized that same day by President of Congress Daniel Salaverry. Its members are former members of the political parties Peruvians for Change and Popular Force.
Vicente Antonio Zeballos Salinas is a Peruvian politician who served as Prime Minister of Peru from September 2019 to July 2020, under President Martín Vizcarra's administration. Prior, he served as Minister of Justice and Human Rights.
Together for Peru is a Peruvian centre-left to left-wing political coalition founded with the incumbent registration of the Peruvian Humanist Party.
Alberto de Belaúnde de Cárdenas is a Peruvian lawyer, LGBT activist, and politician. An independent progressive caucusing with the Purple Party, he currently serves in the Peruvian Congress' complementary term 2020–2021. He previously served in the 2016–2019 term, elected under Peruvians for Change, and subsequently joining the progressive Liberal Bench.
Popular Renewal is a Peruvian conservative political party. Founded in 2020, the party is the successor of the former National Solidarity Party founded and led by former Lima Mayor Luis Castañeda Lossio. Following its poor results at the 2020 snap parliamentary election, leader Rafael López Aliaga announced the party's re-foundation under the Popular Renewal.
Hernando Guerra-García Campos, better known as Nano Guerra, was a Peruvian politician, businessman, and television presenter. He served as a congressman representing Lima for Fuerza Popular from 27 July 2021, until his death in office.
The presidency of Pedro Castillo began with his inauguration as the president of Peru on 28 July 2021, the Peruvian Independence Day. In the 2021 Peruvian general election, Castillo, a school teacher and union organizer, won the presidential election against the right-wing candidate Keiko Fujimori of Popular Force by a 45,000 margin in the runoff. In the congressional elections, Castillo's party, Free Peru, did not get a majority in the Congress of the Republic of Peru.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link){{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)