Expenditures by Canadian universities on scientific research and development accounted for about 40% of all spending on scientific research and development in Canada in 2006.
Research in the natural and social sciences in Canada, with a few important exceptions, is almost exclusively funded by the Canadian taxpayer and is distributed to universities by five important federal funding agencies, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC). Additional monies are also provided by the Canada Research Chairs organization, which provides financing for the staffing of research personnel at Canadian universities and the Canada Foundation for Innovation, which supports the acquisition of scientific research infrastructure by Canadian universities, colleges, research hospitals, and non-profit research institutions.
In 2006, total spending on scientific and industrial research in Canada amounted to C$28.067 billion or about 2 percent of GDP. In 2006, Canadian universities spent C$10.890 billion on research and development, representing about 40 percent of all R&D spending in Canada and about .66 percent of Canada's GDP.
Below are the names of those university institutions that carry out both natural and social science research, although the emphasis here is on the former. The largest part of funding from NSERC, is received by 15 universities, not surprisingly the largest in the country, which have formed an association named the U15. The list below ranks the members of this group in order of NSERC grant size. A number of thematically specialized virtual university research organizations, the Networks of Excellence, have been established and are listed here. Also included are the names of some particular research organizations and projects notable for their large size or for other characteristics. This is followed by a brief description of the expenditures on scientific research and development by sector. Finally the list includes those support organizations that fund scientific research at the university level or contribute to its success in other ways.
NSERC Funding 2003: C$M 54,264
Number of Canada Research Chairs – 245
Natural science research
Medical research
Social science research
NSERC Funding 2003: C$M 43,004
Number of Canada Research Chairs – 148
Land & Food Systems
Natural Science and Engineering
Social Science
UBC also operates 65 research centres.
NSERC Funding 2003 C$M 36,291
Number of Canada Research Chairs – 100
Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences
Engineering
Health Sciences Council
Medicine and Dentistry
Nursing
Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
School of Public Health
Rehabilitation Medicine
Science
Number of Canada Research Chairs – 133 Number of Canada Excellence Research Chairs – 2
NSERC Funding 2003: C$M 34,984
Downtown Campus – Faculty of Science and Faculty of Engineering [1]
Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Engineering:
Downtown Campus – Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Dentistry
Macdonald campus
Off campus
Waterloo, Ontario
NSERC Funding 2003: C$M 29,763
Number of Canada Research Chairs – 48
Québec, Québec
NSERC Funding 2003: C$M 28,128
Number of Canada Research Chairs – 80
NSERC Funding 2006/7 C$M 26.5 [2] All Research Funding 2006/7 C$M 140.6
Number of Canada Research Chairs – 40
Montreal, Quebec.
NSERC Funding 2003: C$M 21,759
Number of Canada Research Chairs – 93
Kingston, Ontario
NSERC Funding 2003: C$M 21,571
Number of Canada Research Chairs – 54
Hamilton, Ontario.
NSERC Funding 2003: C$M 20,694
Number of Canada Research Chairs – 62
NSERC Funding 2009/10 C$M 19.9
Number of Canada Research Chairs – 44
Research groups include:
Calgary, Alberta.
NSERC Funding 2003: C$M 19,714
Number of Canada Research Chairs – 75
NSERC Funding 2003: C$M 17,288
Number of Canada Research Chairs – 61
NSERC Funding 2003: C$M 14,839
Number of Canada Research Chairs – 50
Ottawa, Ontario.
NSERC Funding 2003: C$M 14,127
Number of Canada Research Chairs – 49
Number of Canada Research Chairs – 39 UoG ranks 14th among the top 50 research universities in Canada, but is not a member of U15. [3]
Canadian Gross Expenditure on R&D (GERD) by Performing Sectors – 2006 Estimates, C$ Millions [4]
The Institut national de la recherche scientifique is the research-oriented constituent university of the Université du Québec system that offers only graduate studies. INRS conducts research in four broad sectors: water, earth and the environment; energy, materials and telecommunications; human, animal and environmental health; and urbanization, culture and society.
Université TÉLUQ is a public French-language distance learning university, part of the Université du Québec system. Originally founded in 1972 as the Telé-université, Université du Québec commission to develop distance education courses, Université TÉLUQ is now a full university which offers programs in undergraduate and graduate studies. It is the only French-language university education institution in North America to offer all of its courses and programs at all three university cycles remotely and continuously. Though it is based in Quebec City, Quebec, about two thirds of its professors work from its Montreal offices.
The Université du Québec à Rimouski is a public university located in Rimouski, Quebec, Canada with a campus in Lévis.
Gilbert Paquette is a Canadian university professor, businessman, researcher and politician. Paquette is a researcher at the Centre interuniversitaire de recherche sur le téléapprentissage (CIRTA-LICEF), which he founded in 1992. He was National Assembly of Quebec member for the riding of Rosemont from 1976 to 1985 under the Parti Québécois banner and in the final months of his second term as an Independent MNA.
Centrale Méditerranée, formerly known as École Centrale de Marseille, is a leading graduate school of engineering located in Marseille, the second largest city in France. Centrale Méditerranée was created in 2006 by the merging of different previous institutions and has its origins from the École d'Ingénieurs de Marseille founded in 1891. As a successor school of the latter, it is one of the oldest French engineering Grande école, and is amongst the best engineering school of France.
Murray Clarke is a Professor of Philosophy at Concordia University in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He previously earned his Ph.D. from the University of Western Ontario, now at Concordia, he has served twice as Chair of the Philosophy Department and as Graduate Program Director. specializing in Cognitive Science, Philosophy of Mind, and Naturalized Epistemology. He is the author of Reconstructing Reason and Representation.
Camille Limoges is the former deputy minister of the Ministry of Higher Education, Research, Science and Technology in Quebec, Canada.
Expenditures by federal and provincial organizations on scientific research and development accounted for about 10% of all such spending in Canada in 2006. These organizations are active in natural and social science research, engineering research, industrial research and medical research.
This article outlines the history of natural scientific research in Canada, including physics, astronomy, space science, geology, oceanography, chemistry, biology, and medical research. Neither the social sciences nor the formal sciences are treated here.
Victoria Michelle Kaspi is a Canadian astrophysicist and a professor at McGill University. Her research primarily concerns neutron stars and pulsars.
Gérard Bélanger is a Canadian economics professor. He holds a Bachelor of Arts from the Université de Montréal, a Bachelor of Science and a master's degree in Social sciences from the Université Laval, as well as a master's degree from Princeton University. He is a member of the Royal Society of Canada.
Actua is a Canadian charitable organization that delivers science, engineering and technology educational programs to young people in Canada.
Bonnie Kathleen Campbell, is professor emeritus of political economy at the Department of Political Science at the Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM). She has written extensively on issues related to international development, development assistance, governance, and mining.
Yves De Koninck, FCAHS, FRSC, is a neuroscientist and Professor of Psychiatry and Neuroscience at Université Laval and Adjunct Professor of Pharmacology and Therapeutics at McGill University.
François Lalonde is a Canadian mathematician, specializing in symplectic geometry and symplectic topology.
Bryn Williams-Jones is a Canadian bioethicist, professor and director of the Department of Social and Preventive Medicine at the School of Public Health, Université de Montréal. He is co-founder and editor-in-chief of the Canadian Journal of Bioethics/Revue canadienne de bioéthique, the first open access bilingual bioethics journal in Canada, and co-director of the Ethics branch of the International Observatory on the Social Impact of AI and Digital Technology (OBVIA). Williams-Jones is a member of the Centre for Research in Public Health (CReSP), the Centre for Ethics Research (CRÉ), the Institute for Applied Ethics (IDÉA) of the Université Laval, and fellow of The Hastings Center.
Donna Mergler is a Canadian physiologist and currently professor emerita in the department of biological sciences at the University of Quebec in Montreal, Canada. Her research focuses on environmental health, specifically the effects of neuro-toxins on workplace and environment. She has also brought in lasting and real solutions to environmental degradation, while also focusing on gender and social equity.
Normand Landry is a Canadian academic and professor of communication at Université TÉLUQ in Quebec, Canada. He is the current Canada Research Chair in Media Education and Human Rights.
Caroline Quach-Thanh is a Canadian pediatric microbiologist, epidemiologist and infectious diseases specialist. She is a professor in the Université de Montréal Faculty of Medicine and Medical Lead in the Infection Prevention and Control Unit at CHU Sainte-Justine. She served as the Chair of the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and oversaw the development of usage guidelines for COVID-19 vaccines in Canada.
Bogumil (Bogumił) Jewsiewicki Koss is a Polish-Canadian historian and an Africanist specialising in the history of Central Africa, notably the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the social usage of visual memory.
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