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Trilobites are a group of extinct marine artiopodan arthropods that form the class Trilobita. Trilobites form one of the earliest-known groups of arthropods. The first appearance of trilobites in the fossil record defines the base of the Atdabanian stage of the Early Cambrian period, and they flourished throughout the lower Paleozoic before slipping into a long decline, when, during the Devonian, all trilobite orders except the Proetida died out. The last extant trilobites finally disappeared in the mass extinction at the end of the Permian about 252 million years ago. Trilobites were among the most successful of all early animals, existing in oceans for almost 300 million years.
The pygidium is the posterior body part or shield of crustaceans and some other arthropods, such as insects and the extinct trilobites. In groups other than insects, it contains the anus and, in females, the ovipositor. It is composed of fused body segments, sometimes with a tail, and separated from thoracic segments by an articulation.
Isotelus is a genus of asaphid trilobites from the middle and upper Ordovician period, fairly common in the Northeastern United States, northwest Manitoba, southwestern Quebec and southeastern Ontario. One species, Isotelus rex, is currently the world's largest trilobite ever found as a complete fossil.
Ananaspis is a genus of trilobite in the order Phacopida, which existed in what is now the Czech Republic. It was described by Campbell in 1967, and the type species is Ananaspis fecundis, which was originally described as Phacops fecundus communis by Barrande in 1852.
Burmeisteria is a genus of trilobites in the order Phacopida that existed during the lower Devonian in what is now South Africa. It was described by Salter in 1865, and the type species is Burmeisteria herschelii, which was originally described under the genus Homalonotus by Murchison in 1839. It also contains the species B. accraensis, B. acuminata, and B. noticus. The type locality was the Bokkeveld Group.
Calymenella is a genus of trilobites in the order Phacopida, which existed in what is now France during the upper Ordovician. It was described by Bergeron in 1890, and the type species is Calymenella boisseli. The species was described from the Glauzy Formation in the Montagne Noire mountain range.
Cromus is a genus of phacopid trilobites in the family Encrinuridae, that existed during the upper Silurian in what is now the Czech Republic. The genus was described by Barrande in 1852, and the type species is C. intercostatus. It also contains the species C. canorus.
Cybele is a genus of trilobites in the order Phacopida, that existed during the middle Ordovician in what is now Sweden. It was described by Loven in 1846, and the type species is Cybele bellatula, which was originally described dubiously under the genus Calymene by Dalman in 1827. The type locality was in Östergötland.
Dipleura is a genus of trilobites in the order Phacopida. It was described by Green in 1832, and the type species is Dipleura dekayi. The type locality was in the Hamilton Group in New York.
Encrinurella is a genus of trilobite in the order Phacopida, that existed during the middle Ordovician in what is now Burma. It was described by Reed in 1915, and the type species is Encrinurella insangensis, which was originally described under the genus Pliomera by Reed in 1906. The type locality was the Naungkangyi Beds.
Encrinuroides is a genus of trilobites in the order Phacopida, that existed during the upper Ordovician in what is now Wales. It was described by Reed in 1931, and the type species is Encrinuroides sexcostata, which was originally described under the genus Cybele by Salter in 1848. It also contains the species, Encrinuroides enshiensis, Encrinuroides insularis, and Encrinuroides rarus. The type locality was in the Sholeshook Limestone Formation.
Estoniops is a genus of trilobites in the order Phacopida, that existed during the upper Ordovician in what is now Estonia. It was described by Mannil in 1958, and the type species is Estoniops exilis, which was originally described under the genus Acaste by Eichwald in 1858. Its generic name is derived from the country in which it was first discovered.
Forteyops is a genus of trilobites in the order Phacopida, that existed during the lower Ordovician in what is now the United States. It was described by Pribyl and Vanek in 1985, and the type species is Forteyops sexapugia, which was originally described under the genus Kawina by Ross in 1951. The type locality was the Garden City Formation in Utah.
Hintzeia is a genus of trilobites in the order Phacopida, that existed during the lower Ordovician in what is now the United States. It was described by Harrington in 1957, and the type species is Hintzeia aemula, which was originally described under the genus Protopliomerops by Hintze in 1953. Harrington also moved two other Protopliomerops species, P. celsaora and P. firmimarginis, under Hintzeia. The generic name is derived from that of the type species' author. The type locality was the Fillmore Formation in Utah.
Kanoshia is a genus of trilobites in the order Phacopida, that existed during the middle Ordovician in what is now Utah, USA. It was described by Harrington in 1957, and the type species is Kanoshia kanoshensis, which was originally described under the genus Pseudomera by Hintze in 1953. It also contains the species K. depressus and K. reticulata. The generic name is derived from the type species' epithet, which in turn is derived from the name of the type locality, the Kanosh Formation.
Ogyginus is an extinct genus of asaphid trilobites that lived during the Ordovician period. Commonly found in Wales. The type specimen was first described by Murchison in 1839 as Asaphus corndensis, though the species was later reassigned.
Homagnostus is a genus of trilobite in the order Agnostida, which existed in what is now north Wales. It was described by Howell in 1935. The genus was originally considered to be Agnostus pisiformis var. obesus.
Micragnostus is a genus of trilobite in the order Agnostida, which existed in what is now north Wales. It was described by Howell in 1935, and the type species is Micragnostus calvus, which was originally described as a species of Agnostus by Lake in 1906.
Bumastus is an extinct genus of corynexochid trilobites which existed from the Early Ordovician period to the Late Silurian period. They were relatively large trilobites, reaching a length of 6 in (15 cm). They were distinctive for their highly globular, smooth-surfaced exoskeleton. They possessed well-developed, large compound eyes and were believed to have dwelled in shallow-water sediments in life.
Lejopyge laevigata is a species of agnostid trilobite belonging to the genus Lejopyge. It existed during the Guzhangian to the Paibian Age of the Cambrian. It has a cosmopolitan distribution and is an important index fossil in biostratigraphy.
References
- ↑ Available Generic Names for Trilobites P.A. Jell and J.M. Adrain.
