| Chaetocarpeae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Chaetocarpus echinocarpus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae |
| Subfamily: | Acalyphoideae |
| Tribe: | Chaetocarpeae |
| Genera | |
Chaetocarpeae is a tribe of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae. [1] It comprises 2 genera. [2]
The family Pandaceae consists of three genera that were formerly recognized in the Euphorbiaceae. Those are:
The Acalyphoideae are a subfamily within the family Euphorbiaceae with 116 genera in 20 tribes.
The Agrostistachydeae is a tribe of the subfamily Acalyphoideae, under the family Euphorbiaceae. It comprises 4 genera, which are monophyletic.
Alchorneae is a tribe of plants in the subfamily Acalyphoideae, under the family Euphorbiaceae. It comprises 2 subtribes and 7 genera.
Cheiloseae is a tribe of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae. It comprises 2 genera, one of which is Neoscortechinia.
Galearieae is a no-longer-recognized tribe of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae. It comprised 3 genera, Galearia, Microdesmis, and Panda. Molecular data show that although these three genera are related to each other, they do not belong in the subfamily Acalyphoideae of the Euphorbiaceae, and therefore they are generally now classified as the family Pandaceae.
Plukenetieae is a tribe of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae. It comprises 3 subtribes and 14 genera. Tribe Plukenetieae (Benth.) Hutch. is a diverse pantropical lineage of ca. 17 genera and 350 species of twining vines and lianas, scandent to erect perennial herbs and subshrubs, and rarely shrubs and small trees.
Pycnocomeae is a tribe of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae. It comprises 2 subtribes and 7 genera.
The zosterophylls are a group of extinct land plants that first appeared in the Silurian period. The taxon was first established by Banks in 1968 as the subdivision Zosterophyllophytina; they have since also been treated as the division Zosterophyllophyta or Zosterophyta and the class or plesion Zosterophyllopsida or Zosteropsida. They were among the first vascular plants in the fossil record, and had a world-wide distribution. They were probably stem-group lycophytes, forming a sister group to the ancestors of the living lycophytes. By the late Silurian a diverse assemblage of species existed, examples of which have been found fossilised in what is now Bathurst Island in Arctic Canada.
Rhynia is a single-species genus of Devonian vascular plants. Rhynia gwynne-vaughanii was the sporophyte generation of a vascular, axial, free-sporing diplohaplontic embryophytic land plant of the Early Devonian that had anatomical features more advanced than those of the bryophytes. Rhynia gwynne-vaughanii was a member of a sister group to all other eutracheophytes, including modern vascular plants.
Euphorbiaceae, the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of a genus in the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis, are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics, however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
Dutoitia is a genus of Devonian rhyniophyte, named after the renowned South African geologist Alex du Toit. It is one of the earliest plants from Gondwana to colonize land. Its fossils were preserved in fine mudstones of the 400-million-year-old Bokkeveld and Witteberg Groups of South Africa. This erect, gracile plant is less than 10 cm high and very simple in structure. Its diminutive stems, which are devoid of leaflike appendages, branch in two and end in club- or cup-shaped sporangia, occasionally containing its reproductive spores. Stomata are present in the cuticle of their stems for gas exchange, and primitive cells inside the stems transported water from the roots to the aerial parts of the plant. Three species are recognized, D. pulchra Hoeg 1930, D. alfreda Plumstead 1967 and D. maraisia Plumstead 1967.
Ginkgo yimaensis is an extinct ginkgo species in the family Ginkgoaceae. It is a gymnosperm, first described by Zhou and Zhang.
Iguanurinae is a palm tree subtribe in the tribe Areceae. It is not recognized in recent classifications.
The Battery Point Formation is a geologic formation in Quebec. It preserves fossils dating back to the early Emsian to early Eifelian the lower Devonian period.
Plukenetia conophora, also called Nigerian walnut, and conophore, is a climbing shrub in the genus Plukenetia. It is not related to the walnut, being so named because its nuts bear a superficial resemblance to the walnut. It is native to tropical western and central Africa from Togo to Congo and in Sierra Leone. It is abundant in the Nigeria, Cameroon, Republic of the Congo and Democratic Republic of Congo. It prefers rain-forest hedge in half-shady places; low bush; secondary forest; plantations at elevations from 250–1,400 m (820–4,590 ft). Although it is well recorded in Sierra Leone, it is apparently not indigenous to Sierra Leone, since it is not recorded in Liberia and Ghana. Its presence in Sierra Leone is due to returning slaves for it is known to the Krio by its Yoruba (Nigerian) name. Plukenetia conophora is the only Plukenetia species native to West Africa or Central Africa. Other Plukenetia species are indigenous to other parts of Africa, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, and America.
Baiera is a genus of prehistoric gymnosperms in the order Ginkgoales. It is one of the oldest fossil foliage types of Ginkgoales, and is related to the genera Ginkgo and Ginkgoites. Fossils of Baiera are found worldwide, and have been known from the Permian to the Cretaceous.
Retispora lepidophyta is a spore type and an important biostratigraphic marker of the latest Devonian period. The last appearance of Retispora lepidophyta defines the Devonian-Mississippian boundary in Belgium and other places.
Sergio Archangelsky was an Argentine paleobotanist and palynologist. He was a pioneer of modern paleobotany in Argentina, as well as of cuticular morphology and ultrastructure. He was also a corresponding member of the Argentine Academy of Science.
Pelourdea is an extinct genus of conifer. Species belonging to the genus lived from the Triassic to the Middle Jurassic and have been found in Europe and North America.
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