| Charaxes bupalus | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Nymphalidae |
| Genus: | Charaxes |
| Species: | C. bupalus |
| Binomial name | |
| Charaxes bupalus Staudinger, 1889 [1] | |
Charaxes bupalus is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It was described by Otto Staudinger in 1889. It is endemic to Palawan in the Indomalayan realm. [2]
Charaxes bupalus is a large butterfly with coppery rufous uppersides and a broad brown marginal band on the forewings, lined with a white band and coppery red hindwings with a submarginal line of brown spots and a small tail. It was formerly treated as a subspecies of C. borneensis .
Males are similar to C. borneensis males, but the band of the forewing above is white, more regular, and sharply limited by the median bars R2-SM2 which stand in a regular, oblique row. Bar R3-M1 is less distal than in borneensis; no postdiscal spots are marked. The hindwing median bars C-R2 are marked, the following one is vestigial, and a little white scaling at bar C-SC2, Postdisco-submarginal patches R1-M1 are larger than in borneensis. The underside is tawny russet, while the postdiscal interspaces are more tawny. The subbasal and submedian bar are much less edged with white than in borneensis, and lines of bars are much more regular. Its forewing has continuous median bars R2-SM2, with or without yellowish white patches at their outer side. The hindwing has median bars SC2-M2 that are nearly continuous and much closer to discal lunules than to submedian bars. The white submarginal spots are linear and heavy, except the third. The admarginal interspaces are pale tawny; while the admarginal line is tawny. The upper tail is 4.5 mm. long, and the second is a short tooth. The forewing spans 44 mm.
For females. the upper side forewing has a white discal band, broader than in borneensis, especially anteriorly. Its median bars SC2 -R2 are within the band, while the interspace between them and the cell is not filled with black. The median bar R3- M1 is close to the cell apex, with white scaling all round. The postdiscal interspaces R1-SM2 are white, partly tinged with tawny, somewhat longer than in borneensis. Some white scales inhabit the upper angle of cell and at M^ proximally of median bars. The hindwing median bars C- M1 are almost continuous, with a white discal band at the outer sides that is broader than in borneensis, and shades posteriorly into tawny olive. The white scaling anteriorly almost reaches between the veins the black postdisco-submarginal patches and extends distad posteriorly upon the internervular folds. The postdisco-submarginal patches gradually become smaller behind, while the upper two patches are less than twice the size of the following two. Black scaling produced basad appears on veins C-R1. White submarginal spots are linear and heavy. Admarginal interspaces are brighter tawny than in borneensis. Underside, median interspaces are about as dark as in borneensis. The outer half of the wing is more or less yellowish cinnamon. Postdiscal patches of forewing and outer portions of postdiscal interspaces of hindwing are dark tawny olive. Discal interspaces are more white than in borneensis. The white colour is more extended. The forewing median bars R2-M1 are continuous, while bar M1-M2 is a more proximal. The hindwing line of median bars C-M2 is less irregular than in borneensis, with the discal interspaces about half the width of the median ones. Admarginal interspaces are dark straw-yellow. White submarginal spots are linear and heavy, all marked. The admarginal line is conspicuous. The upper tail is not distinctly, spatulate. The second tail is longer than in the allied white-banded Charaxes, mostly curved costad as in antonius. The forewing spans 52 mm. [3]
Papilio bootes, the tailed redbreast, is a swallowtail butterfly found in Asia. Within their wide distribution about four population variants have been named as subspecies. They have been placed within the Menelaides clade by a 2015 phylogenetics study.
Meandrusa sciron, the brown gorgon, is a species of swallowtail butterfly found in parts of South Asia and Southeast Asia. It belongs to the hooked swallowtails genus, Meandrusa, of the family Papilionidae. The brown gorgon is found in India from Sikkim to Assam and north Burma and is not considered to be threatened. Though not uncommon, it is protected under Indian law under the name gyas.
Hebomoia glaucippe, the great orange-tip, is a butterfly belonging to the family Pieridae, that is the yellows and whites. It is found in the Indomalayan realm and Wallacea.
Appias lalage, the spot puffin, is a small butterfly of the family Pieridae, that is, the yellows and whites, which is found in India, Indochina and Hainan.
Appias indra, the plain puffin, is a small butterfly of the family Pieridae, that is, the yellows and whites, which is found in south and southeast Asia.
Charaxes marmax, the yellow rajah, is a butterfly found in India that belongs to the rajahs and nawabs group, that is, the Charaxinae group of the brush-footed butterflies family.
Hypolimnas misippus, the Danaid eggfly, mimic, or diadem, is a widespread species of nymphalid butterfly. It is well known for polymorphism and mimicry. Males are blackish with distinctive white spots that are fringed in blue. Females are in multiple forms that include male-like forms while others closely resemble the toxic butterflies Danaus chrysippus and Danaus plexippus.
Athyma nefte, the colour sergeant, is a species of brush-footed butterfly found in tropical South and Southeast Asia.
Charaxes andara is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in eastern and southern Madagascar, where it is found in Afrotropical forests. It is very similar to Charaxes brutus, of which it has been considered a subspecies.
Charaxes etheocles, the demon charaxes, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Senegal, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, the Central African Republic, the Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia.
Charaxes doubledayi, Doubleday's untailed charaxes, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Bioko, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and western Tanzania. The habitat consists of lowland tropical evergreen forests. It is a very rare butterfly
Charaxes latona, the orange emperor, is a butterfly of the rajahs and nawabs group, i.e. the Charaxinae group of the brush-footed butterflies family. It is native to the tropical rainforests of eastern Indonesia, western Melanesia and far northern Queensland, Australia, where it is limited to the Iron Range.
Charaxes mars, the iron rajah, is a butterfly of the rajahs and nawabs group, i.e. the Charaxinae group of the brush-footed butterflies family. It is endemic to Sulawesi in central Indonesia. Charaxes mars is a large butterfly with forewings with concave outer edge and hindwings each with a tail. The upper side of the forewings is dark blue and light in the basal part. The hindwings are orange with a submarginal line of dark brown ocelli.
Charaxes distanti is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It was described by Eduard Honrath in 1885. It is found in the Indomalayan realm.
Charaxes borneensis, the White Banded Rajah, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1869. It is found in the Indomalayan realm.
Charaxes nitebis, the green rajah, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It was described by William Chapman Hewitson in 1859. It is found in the Indomalayan realm.
Charaxes affinis is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1866. It is found in the Indomalayan realm.
Charaxes antonius is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It was described by Georg Semper in 1878. It is endemic to Mindanao (Philippines) in the Indomalayan realm.
Charaxes fervens is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1896. It is endemic to Nias in the Indomalayan realm.
Charaxes ocellatus is a butterfly belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It was first described by Hans Fruhstorfer in 1896. This species is endemic to the Lesser Sunda Islands in the Australasian realm, near the Wallace line.
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