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Transport in New Zealand, with its mountainous topography and a relatively small population mostly located near its long coastline, has always faced many challenges. Before Europeans arrived, Māori either walked or used watercraft on rivers or along the coasts. Later on, European shipping and railways revolutionised the way of transporting goods and people, before being themselves overtaken by road and air, which are nowadays the dominant forms of transport. However, bulk freight still continues to be transported by coastal shipping and by rail transport, and there are attempts to (re)introduce public transport as a major transport mode in the larger population centres.
Christchurch is the largest city in the South Island of New Zealand and the seat of the Canterbury Region. Christchurch lies on the South Island's east coast, just north of Banks Peninsula on Pegasus Bay. The Avon River / Ōtākaro flows through the centre of the city, with an urban park along its banks. The city's territorial authority population is 396,200 people, and includes a number of smaller urban areas as well as rural areas. The population of the urban area is 384,800 people. Christchurch is the second-largest city by urban area population in New Zealand, after Auckland. It is the major urban area of an emerging sub-region known as Greater Christchurch. Notable smaller urban areas within this sub-region include Rangiora and Kaiapoi in Waimakariri District, north of the Waimakariri River, and Rolleston and Lincoln in Selwyn District to the south.
Lyttelton is a port town on the north shore of Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō, at the northwestern end of Banks Peninsula and close to Christchurch, on the eastern coast of the South Island of New Zealand.
Rail transport in New Zealand is an integral part of New Zealand's transport network, with a nationwide network of 4,375.5 km (2,718.8 mi) of track linking most major cities in the North and South Islands, connected by inter-island rail and road ferries. Rail transport in New Zealand has a particular focus on bulk freight exports and imports, with 19 million net tonnes moved by rail annually, and 99.5% of New Zealand's exports and imports being transported through the country's seaports.
The Auckland Regional Council (ARC) was the regional council of the Auckland Region. Its predecessor the Auckland Regional Authority (ARA) was formed in 1963 and became the ARC in 1989. The ARC was subsumed into the Auckland Council on 1 November 2010.
Ritchies Transport is a New Zealand private bus operator, owned by KKR. It was established in 1972 and describes itself as "the largest privately owned bus and coach transport operator in New Zealand" with a fleet of over 1500 vehicles spread across depots nationwide. It owns a 46% stake in InterCity.
Public transport in Christchurch, New Zealand, consists of bus services operated by two bus companies supported by a ferry, all jointly marketed as Metro, a division of Environment Canterbury (ECan).
Transport in Invercargill, New Zealand is mostly by bus and private car.
Invercargill Passenger Transport Ltd was a bus company which operated public transport routes in Dunedin and Invercargill as well as school transport services in those cities as well as Queenstown and leisure and tourism transport services throughout the South Island of New Zealand
Public transport in New Zealand exists in many of the country's urban areas and takes a number of forms. Bus transport is the main form of public transport. Two major cities, Auckland and Wellington also have suburban rail systems that have been gaining more patronage and new investment in recent years. Some cities also operate local ferry services. There are no rapid transit metros and no remaining tram systems active anywhere in New Zealand, though trams once had a major role in New Zealand's public transport.
Red Bus was a bus operator in Christchurch, New Zealand. Red Bus operated public transport bus services around Christchurch on behalf of the Canterbury Regional Council, and it operated the free inner city Shuttle on behalf of the city council until the 2011 Christchurch earthquake.
Environmental Performance Vehicles (EPV), previously DesignLine Corporation, is a manufacturer of coach, electric and range-extended electric (hybrid) buses. It was founded in Ashburton, New Zealand in 1985. Initially it was a manufacturer of tour coaches. In the 1990s it diversified into conventional transit buses and then added hybrid city buses in the late 1990s. It was acquired by American interests in 2006, and DesignLine Corporation's headquarters was relocated to Charlotte, North Carolina. Following a bankruptcy in 2013, the assets of DesignLine were sold and the company was renamed.
Rail transport in Christchurch, the largest city on New Zealand's South Island, consists of two main trunk railway lines intersecting in the suburb of Addington, carrying mainly long-haul freight traffic but also two long distance tourist-oriented passenger trains. The two lines are the Main North Line and Main South Line, collectively but unofficially known as the South Island Main Trunk Railway. There is a heritage line at the Ferrymead Historic Park that is operated with steam, electric, and diesel motive power hauling tourist-oriented services.
The Christchurch tramway system was an extensive network in Christchurch, New Zealand, with steam and horse trams from 1882. Electric trams ran from 1905 to 1954, when the last line from Cashmere to Papanui was replaced by buses.
KiwiRail Holdings Limited is a New Zealand state-owned enterprise (SOE) responsible for rail operations in New Zealand and operates inter-island ferries. Trading as KiwiRail and headquartered at 604 Great South Road, Ellerslie, KiwiRail is the largest rail transport operator in New Zealand. KiwiRail has business units of KiwiRail Freight, Great Journeys New Zealand and Interislander. The company was formed in 2008 when the government renationalised above-rail operations and inter-island ferry operations, then owned by Toll Holdings. In 2021, the government launched the New Zealand Rail Plan, with funding for rail projects to come from the National Land Transport Fund (NLTF), and with KiwiRail remaining an SOE but paying Track Access Charges (TACs) to use the network.
The Ultra-Fast Broadband initiative is a New Zealand Government programme of building fibre-to-the-home networks covering 87% of the population by the end of 2022. It is a public–private partnership of the government with four companies with total government investment of NZ$1.5 billion.
Go Bus Christchurch Ltd. is a bus company owned by Go Bus Transport Ltd. The company started off as Christchurch Bus Services Ltd in 2004.
Antony Thomas Gough is a New Zealand businessman and property developer based in Christchurch. The grandson of Tracy Thomas Gough, who founded Gough, Gough and Hamer, Gough is considered to be one of the city's most influential businessmen. He is the developer of The Terrace, a major commercial development in Christchurch's retail district and part of the city's reconstruction programme following the 2011 earthquake.D
Enable NetworksLimited, trading as Enable, is a company based in Christchurch, New Zealand that installs a fibre broadband network in Christchurch and surrounding towns, and acts as a wholesaler for retail service providers (RSPs). It is fully owned by Christchurch City Holdings (CCHL), the investment arm of the Christchurch City Council.
The Shuttle was a free bus service in Central Christchurch, New Zealand. Introduced in December 1998, the popular service represented the first use of turbine-electric hybrid vehicles in New Zealand. It was operated until the February 2011 Christchurch earthquake and carried about one million passengers per year. It was not reinstated after the central city cordons were removed in 2013.
References
- ↑ Christchurch City Holdings Archived 8 February 2010 at the Wayback Machine .
- ↑ The Press, CCHL boss backs down on Enable, 19 November 2009, page A11
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Steeman, Marta (9 June 2012). "Council clings to assets as quake bills mount". The Press . pp. C21–C22. Retrieved 4 March 2013.
- ↑ "About us". City Care. Archived from the original on 2 November 2012. Retrieved 19 March 2009.
- ↑ "City Care direction unclear". The Press . 5 March 2013. p. A9.
- ↑ Law, Tina; Truebridge, Nick (2 August 2016). "Relief as City Care sale to be dumped". The Press . p. A1. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
- ↑ "About Orion". Orion Group.
- ↑ SPBL ownership Archived 16 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine , SPBL, New Zealand.
- ↑ Steeman, Marta (5 March 2013). "Orion leads city firms to profitable half-year". The Press . p. A9. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
- ↑ "About Enable". Enable Networks. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
