This is a list of contemporary players of the guqin of the 20th and 21st centuries. It attempts to list most notable players (i.e. if they are publicly known and/or have made a significant contribution to qin music).
Personal Names (English) | Personal Names (Chinese) | Dates | School or Base | Remarks | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tsar Teh-Yun (Mandarin: Cai Deyun) | 蔡德允 | 1905—2007 | Hong Kong | Head of the Deyin Qinshe of Hong Kong, oldest qin player in the last generation. Disciple of Shen Caonong. SBS (銀紫荊星章) | |
Chen Changlin | 陳長林 | 1932- | Min/Lingnan Schools | Transmitter of the Min School. As computer scientist and well-respected guqin player, he participated in the early phase of a "Digital Guqin" project and presented a version using C++, demonstrated a software for generating guqin notations on PC286 which runs on DOS, created in the early 1980s. 國家級非物質文化遺產項目(古琴藝術)代表性傳承人. | |
Chen Leiji | 陳雷激 | 1967- | Shanghai | Student of Gong Yi. Performed at the 2008 Summer Olympics. | |
Chen Wen | 陳雯 | 1961- | Taiwan | ||
Cheng Gongliang | 成公亮 | 1940—2015 | Guangling School | Professor of Guqin at Nanjing Conservatory of Music. Notable researcher and composer of guqin music. | |
Dai Xiaolian | 戴曉蓮 | 1963- | Guangling School | Professor of Guqin at Shanghai Conservatory of Music. Grand-niece of Zhang Ziqian. | |
Ding Chengyun | 丁承運 | 1944- | Shu | ||
Ding Jiyuan | 丁紀園 | 1942- | Shu School | ||
Gong Yi | 龔一 | 1941- | Shanghai (Conservatory) | Elite professional qin player previously from the Shanghai Chinese Orchestra. 國家級非物質文化遺產項目(古琴藝術)代表性傳承人. | |
Guan Pinghu | 管平湖 | 1897—1967 | Jiuyi | Revered master; dapued many qin scores such as Liu Shui and Guangling San. In 1977, his recording of Liu Shui (Flowing Water) was chosen to be included in the Voyager Golden Record, a collection of world music sent into space on the Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 spacecraft. | |
Guan Zhonghang | 關仲航 | 1900—1970 | Jiuyi School | ||
Gu Meigeng | 顧梅羹 | 1899—1990 | Shu School; Huayang | ||
Gu Zechang | 顧澤長 | 1941—2018 | Shu School | ||
Huang Mianzhi | 黃勉之 | 1853—1919 | Jiuyi School | ||
Li Fan | 李璠 | 1913—2008 | Shu School | 國家級非物質文化遺產項目(古琴藝術)代表性傳承人. | |
Li Feng | 李楓 | 1961- | Taiwan | Plays on silk strings; has released a CD. | |
Li Fengyun | 李鳳雲 | (act.) | Tianjin | Student of Zhang Ziqian. professor in Tianjin Conservatory of Music. She has published a solo CD album by Hugo. | |
Li Kongyuan | 李孔元 | (act.) | |||
Li Mingzhong | 李明忠 | (act.) | Xi'an, Shaanxi | Qin scholar and maker. | |
Li Xiangting | 李祥霆 | 1940- | Beijing (Conservatory) | Elite professional qin player. Current president of the China Guqin Committee. Noted for improvisation. 國家級非物質文化遺產項目(古琴藝術)代表性傳承人. | |
Li Yuxian | 李禹賢 | 1937—2011 | Mei'an School | ||
Lin Youren | 林友仁 | 1938—2013 | Guangling School | Professor of Guqin at Shanghai Conservatory of Music. Transmitter of the Guangling school. 國家級非物質文化遺產項目(古琴藝術)代表性傳承人. | |
Liu Chicheng | 劉赤城 | 1938—2019 | Mei'an School | 國家級非物質文化遺產項目(古琴藝術)代表性傳承人. | |
Lau Chor-wah (Mandarin: Liu Chuhua) | 劉楚華 | 1951- | Hong Kong | One of the top players in Hong Kong. | |
Liu Jingshao | 劉景韶 | 1903—1987 | Mei'an School | ||
Liu Shaochun | 劉少椿 | 1901—1971 | Guangling School | A player of the Guangling School, noted for his eccentric style and interparation. | |
Liu Zhengchun | 劉正春 | 1935—2013 | Jinling | ||
Lo Ka Ping (Mandarin: Lu Jiabing) | 盧家炳 | 1896—1980 | Hong Kong | Has released a CD of his recordings. | |
Long Qinfang | 龍琴舫 | 1886—1959 | Shu School | ||
Mei Yueqiang | 梅曰強 | 1929—2003 | Guangling School | ||
Pang Yuzhu | 龐雨珠 | 1935- | Mei'an School | ||
Pei Tiexia | 裴鐵俠 | 1884—1950 | Shu School | ||
Peng Zhiqing | 彭祉卿 | 1891—1946 | Shu School | ||
Pu Xuezhai | 溥雪齋 | 1893—1966 | Beijing | The cousin of the last emperor of China, Puyi. An artist of Chinese painting. | |
Rao Zongyi (Jao Tsung-I) | 饒宗頤 | 1917—2018 | Lingnan School | Famous Sinologist, Professor Emeritus and lecturer at CUHK. | |
Rong Tianqi | 容天圻 | 1936—1994 | Guangdong | ||
Shen Caonong | 沈草農 | 1891—1973 | Fanchuan School, Shanghai | ||
Sun Shaotao | 孫紹陶 | 1879—1949 | Guangling School | ||
Sun Yuqin | 孫毓芹 | 1915—1990 | Taiwan | ||
Tong Kin-woon (Mandarin: Tang Jianyuan) | 唐健垣 | 1946- | Hong Kong | Guqin player and teacher, chief editor of Qinfu 琴府, a composite volume of ancient scores (not to be confused with the Qin Fu of Ji Kang). As well, a virtuoso of the guzheng and nanyin (a singing style). | |
Wang Di | 王迪 | 1926-2005 | Jiuyi School | Female student of Guan Pinghu, did a cross country survey of qin players in 1956, tape recorded qin players using magnetic tapes. These recordings are now in Shanghai. Cecilia Lindqvist was a student of hers. | |
Wang Duo | 汪鐸 | 1938— | Suzhou | Guqin player of the Wumen Qinshe of Suzhou. Head of Guqin Research Centre of Suzhou University of Science and Technology. Special research topics include: silk strings, Dapu, Taoist Guqin music, Guqin master player and musician in the "Digital Guqin" project entitled "Zebrafish". | |
Wang Huade | 王華德 | 1922—2008 | Shu School | ||
Wang Lu | 王露 | 1879—1921 | Zhucheng School | Founder of the 德音琴社 in Jinan. | |
Wang Peng | 王鹏 | 1966- | Founder, Juntianfang. Beijing | Guqin maestro and master artisan. Wang Peng made the guqin (an exact replica of a 1,000-year-old guqin from the Tang Dynasty) that was used in the Opening Ceremony of the 2008 Summer Olympics. His expertise has been formally recognised by the Chinese Government as an 'asset of China's intangible cultural heritage'. Wang Peng has now repaired and restored more than 180 historic guqin made during China's imperial period. His Jun Tian Fang (钧天坊) complex on the outskirts of Beijing has also been recognised as an "asset of China's intangible cultural heritage." It houses a studio for guqin research, development and manufacture (using traditional techniques); a guqin museum; a guqin teaching academy; a state-of-the-art performance theatre and recording studio; a guqin literature, research and publications collection; and a design studio. Wang Peng is also a virtuoso performer, and has performed across Europe, Australia, and New Zealand, as well as in Canada and the United States. He has authored seven books, contributed to four others, written numerous journal articles, and spoken at several leading universities both within China, and in the Europe and the U.S. | |
Wang Shengxiang | 王生香 | 1902—1975 | Jinling, Shandong | ||
Wang Yanying | 王燕卿 | 1867—1921 | Zhucheng and Mei'an | Founder of the Mei'an School. | |
Wang Yongchang | 王永昌 | 1940- | Mei'an School | ||
Wang Youdi | 王悠荻 | (act.) | Hong Kong | Guqin performer, Guqin teacher at The Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts (HKAPA), and Guqin tutor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK). Enlightened by Prof. Gong Yi; Bachelor of Arts degree from the Central Conservatory of Music in 2010, Supervisor: Prof. Zhao Jiazhen; Master of Music degree from HKAPA in 2012, instructed by Dr. TSE Chun-Yan. Winner of the Gold Medal of the Second National Guqin Competition in 2009. Guqin music design and performance in Three Kingdoms (TV series). | |
Wei Zhongle | 衛仲樂 | 1908/9—1998 | Shanghai | A virtuoso of many Chinese instruments, including the pipa and dizi, and important figure in Jiangnan Sizhu. | |
Weng Yucang | 翁瘦蒼 | 1916—2002 | Yushan School | ||
Wu Jinglüe | 吳景略 | 1907—1987 | Yushan School | Elite master noted for his prominent role in the modernization and professionalization of the instrument. | |
Wu Jinyang | 吳浸陽 | 1882—? | Sichuan | ||
Wu Lansun | 吳蘭蓀 | 1883—1960 | Yushan School | ||
Wu Wenguang | 吳文光 | 1946- | Yushan School | Elite professional qin player; son of Wu Jinglue and transmitter of the Yushan school. 國家級非物質文化遺產項目(古琴藝術)代表性傳承人. | |
Wu Zhao | 吳釗 | 1935— | Beijing | Former president of the Beijing Guqin Society; has published books and research on the qin. 國家級非物質文化遺產項目(古琴藝術)代表性傳承人. | |
Wu Zhaoji | 吳兆基 | 1908—1997 | Hunan | Transmitter of the Wu style. | |
Wu Zonghan | 吳宗漢 | 1902—1991 | Mei'an School | ||
Xia Yifeng | 夏一峰 | 1872—1963 | Jinling | ||
Xie Daoxiu | 謝導秀 | 1940—2019 | Lingnan School | ||
Tse Chun-Yan (Mandarin: Xie Junren) | 謝俊仁 | (act.) | Hong Kong | One of the top players in Hong Kong. | |
Xie Xiaoping | 謝孝苹 | ?—1998 | Yushan School | ||
Xu Jian | 許健 | 1923-2017 | Beijing | Qin scholar who wrote the Qinshi Chubian. | |
Xu Kuanghua | 徐匡華 | 1917—2007 | Zhejiang | Founder of the Xihu Qin Society. Appeared in the film, Hero. Died Feb 13, 2007. | |
Xu Lisun | 徐立孫 | 1897—1969 | Mei'an School | ||
Xu Shaoying | 徐曉英 | 1937—2016 | Zhe School | ||
Xu Yuan-bai | 徐元白 | 1893—1957 | Zhe School | ||
Xu Zhongwei | 徐忠偉 | 1920— | Yushan School | ||
Yang Xinlun | 楊新倫 | 1898—1990 | Lingnan School | ||
Yang Zongji | 楊宗稷 | 1865—1931 | Jiuyi School | Founder of the Jiuyi School, compiler of the Qinxue Congshu. | |
Yao Bingyan | 姚丙炎 | 1921—1983 | Zhe School | Dapued (transcribed) the classic version of Jiu Kuang in triple-time rhythm. | |
Yao Gongbai | 姚公白 | 1948— | Zhejiang | Yao Bingyan's second son. 國家級非物質文化遺產項目(古琴藝術)代表性傳承人. | |
Yao Gongjing | 姚公敬 | 1955— | Yao Bingyan's third son. | ||
Ye Mingpei | 葉名佩 | 1929— | Zhe School | ||
Yu Bosun | 俞伯蓀 | 1922—2013 | Shu School | ||
Yu Qingxin | 余青欣 | 1956-2015 | Beijing | 古琴协会秘书长, 国家一级演员, 國家級非物質文化遺產項目(古琴藝術)代表性傳承人. | |
Yu Shaoze | 喻紹澤 | 1903—1987 | Shu School | Transmitter of the Shu School. | |
Yue Ying | 樂瑛 | 1904—1974 | Jiuyi School | ||
Zeng Chengwei | 曾成偉 | 1958— | Shu School; Chengdu | Highly regarded guqin maker as well as transmitter of the Shu School. | |
Zha Fuxi | 查阜西 | 1895—1976 | Yushan School | Great researcher and player of qin music, specialising in qin songs. | |
Zhan Chengqiu | 詹澂秋 | 1890—1973 | Zhucheng School | ||
Teo Kheng-chong (Mandarin: Zhang Qingchong) | 張慶崇 | (act.) | Hong Kong | Guqin player and researcher from Singapore, musician in sound properties of the guqin instrument, has developed a bright style of guqin playing. Participated in the "Digital Guqin" project entitled: "Pale Ink". Teacher of guqin, and scholar researcher of guqin music. | |
Zhang Lu | 张璐 | 1992 | Beijing | Started learning at 11 years of age. Graduate of the Central Conservatory of Music. Has performed on Chinese television as well as internationally (Australia, New Zealand, England, Russia, Peru, USA). | |
Zhang Qingji | 張清治 | 1940— | Taiwan | ||
Zhang Youhe | 張友鶴 | 1895—1940 | Zhucheng School | ||
Zhang Zhisun | 章志蓀 | 1885—? | Taiwan | ||
Zhang Ziqian | 張子謙 | 1899—1991 | Guangling School | Revered master of the Guangling School. | |
Zhao Jiazhen | 赵家珍 | (act.) | Beijing | Student of Wu Wenguang and professor at the China Conservatory of Music; Wu Na was a student of Zhao. Zhao has explored film music with guqin and has set up the Zhao Jiazhen Guqin Art Centre (赵家珍古琴艺术中心) in Beijing. | |
Zhao Xiaoxia | 赵晓霞 | Beijing | Virtuoso who plays internationally (ex: Tan Dun's piece at UNESCO in Paris (Concert Music for Water, March 22, 2013), and teacher at Beijing Central Conservatory of Music. | ||
Zheng Minzhong | 鄭珉中 | 1923-2019 | Jiuyi School; Beijing | Student of Guan Pinghu, well-respected player, specialist in guqin connoisseurship in Palace Museum, Beijing. 國家級非物質文化遺產項目(古琴藝術)代表性傳承人. | |
Zheng Yunfei | 鄭雲飛 | 1939— |
Personal Names (English) | Personal Names (Chinese) | Dates | School or Base | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|
Binkley, Jim | 畢克禮 | (act.) | Portland, Oregon | Translated the Yugu Zhai Qinpu into English, amateur qin maker. Website |
Dydo, Stephen | 戴德 | (act.) | Yonkers, NY | Co-founder and current president of New York Qin Society; also makes guqin. Website |
He, Yu | 何宇 | (act.) | Columbus, OH | Student of Shuishan Yu. |
Liang, Mingyue | 梁銘越 | (act.) | Ellicott City, MD | Son of the renowned Taiwanese guzheng player/scholar Liang Tsai-Ping. |
Li, Yiming | 李一鳴 | (act.) | San Francisco, CA | A Qin player (taught by Gu, Zechang.Gong Yi. Li, Xiangting. Zhao, jiazhen) and Guqin Society International President in San Francisco. Graduate of Shenyang Conservatory of Music, Liaoning Province, PRC. |
Lieberman, Fredric | None | (dec.) | Santa Cruz, CA | Translated the Mei'an Qinpu into English. |
Liu Li | 劉麗 | (act.) | New York, NY | A graduate in Guqin performance at the Central Conservatory of Music, taught by renowned players such as Wu Jinglüe, Wu Wenguang as well as Li Xiangting. An Associate Professor in Guqin at the China Conservatory of Music in Beijing before moving to the US. Collaborated with composer Tan Dun and violin virtuoso Itzhak Perlman on recording the soundtrack for the movie Hero |
Lui Pui-Yuen [1] | 吕培原 | (act.) | Los Angeles, CA | Student of Wu Zonghan, Meian School. Well-known pipa master. Director of the Spring Thunder Chinese Music Orchestra, 春雷国乐社。 |
Lui Tsun-Yuen [2] [3] | Los Angeles, CA | Brother of Lui Pui-Yuen. Headed Chinese Music Program at UCLA's Department of Ethnomusicology. | ||
Jiaoyue Lyu | 吕皎月 | (act.) | New York University New York, NY | A Guqin and Zhu (筑) performer based in New York City, held the solo recital at Carnegie Hall on June 2, 2014 and October 29, 2016 in Lincoln Center of Performing Arts. |
Yung, Bell (Mandarin: Rong Hongzeng) | 榮鴻曾 | (act.) | Pittsburgh | |
Thompson, John | 唐世璋 | (act.) | New York, NY | American whose "historically informed performance" includes over 150 melodies he has reconstructed from early tablature including the entire Shen Qi Mi Pu. His website includes translation, analysis and over 70 sound files with his reconstructions. |
Wang Fei | 王菲 | (act.) | San Francisco Bay Area, CA | A qin player taught by Li Xiangting. |
Wong Gleysteen, Marilyn (Mandarin: Wang Miaolian) | 王妙蓮 | (act.) | Washington, D.C. | |
Wu Ziying | 吳自英 | 1943— | Seattle, WA | A guqin and pipa player (taught by Wang Jiru 王吉儒, Wu Jinglüe吳景略, Zha Fuxi 查阜西, Sun Zongpeng 孫宗彭, Xu Lisun 徐立蓀, and Gu Meigeng 顧梅羹); former professor of traditional Chinese Music at Shanghai Normal University and director of the Shanghai Qin Association; produced two CDs of guqin classics with the support of the 2006 Jack Straw Artist Support Program. Website |
Yang Shin-yi | 楊信宜 | (act.) | Boston, MA | Student of Wang Haiyan (Mei'an school) and Tang Jianyuan. |
Yip Mingmei (Mandarin: Ye Mingmei) | 葉明媚 | (act.) | New York, NY | Qin scholar, a student of Cai Deyun. |
Yeh Shihhua | 葉時華 | (act.) | New York, NY | Graduated from Taipei University of the Art, major in the qin. MA of Ethnomusicology of Sheffield University, UK. A professional qin and zheng player and educator. |
Yu Shuishan | 于水山 | (act.) | Boston, MA | Student of Wu Ziying; founder of the North America Mei'an Guqin Society, professor of architecture at Northeastern University. |
Yuan Jungping | 袁中平 | (act.) | New York, NY | Student of Sun Yuqin and Wu Zhaoji; founder of the New York Qin Society. |
Zhang Peiyou | 張培幼 | (act.) | New York, NY | A qin player and teacher, former student of Yuan Jungping. Website |
Wang, Geng | 王耕 | (act.) | Iowa City, IA | Student of Li Fengyun. Website |
Wang, Bohan | 王博瀚 | (act.) | San Francisco Bay Area, CA | Student of Wu Ziying. |
Dai, Zelin | 戴泽霖 | (act.) | SF Bay Area, CA | A qin player of the Guangling School. |
Personal Names (English) | Personal Names (Chinese) | Dates | School or Base | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|
Wong, Fred (Mandarin: Huang Shuzhi) | 黃樹志 | (act.) | Coquitlam, BC | Producer of the Taigu silk strings. Editor of modern qin book series, Qinxue Congkan. |
Kiu Shan (Mandarin: Qiao Shan) | 喬姍 | (act.) | Vancouver, BC | Founder of Jiuyi Qin Association |
Yeung, Juni L. (Mandarin: Yang Junli) | 楊儁立 | 1987— | Toronto, ON | Founder and President of the University of Toronto Guqin Association (now the Toronto Guqin Society). Pen name: Satsuki Shizuka 五月 靜 |
Personal Names (English) | Personal Names (Chinese) | Dates | School or Base | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|
Dahmer, Manfred | 曼大墨 | (act.) | Germany | Qin and guitar player, book author ("Qin - die klassische chinesische Griffbrettzither"), scholar in Chinese culture. |
Li, Pengpeng | 李蓬蓬 | (act.) | Weimar, Germany | Daughter of the famous chinese guqin player Li Xiangting. |
Stoevesandt, Ingo | None | (act.) | Ritterhude, Germany | Maintainer of "The music of Southeast Asia". |
Ziegler, Henning | 奇和寜 | (act.) | Berlin, Germany | Website |
Personal Names (English) | Personal Names (Chinese) | Dates | School or Base | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ribeiro, André | 1975- | São Paulo, Brazil | Composer and ethnomusicologist. Qin player under the guidance of Peiyou Chang, and has as mentor Yuan Jung-Ping. Researches oriental poetics in concert music, organizing the research group POEM, linked to the postdoctoral program of the USP Department of Music. Co-founder of Guqin Brazil Association (2019), and artistic director of the Gaoshan Liushui Ensemble of Chinese Music, since 2012. He also conducts ethnographic research on music in Buddhist rites and ceremonies. | |
"vermelho" Garcia, Victor | 1992- | São Paulo, Brazil | Musician (doctor graduated in medicine from the University of São Paulo) Qin player, under the guidance of 白无瑕 Bai Wuxia from the Shangai Conservatory. Co-founder of Guqin Brazil Association. |
Personal Names (English) | Personal Names (Chinese) | Dates | School or Base | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cheng Yu | 程玉 | (act.) | London, UK | Qin and pipa player from Beijing now resident in London. Founder and President of the London Youlan Qin Society and several Chinese music ensembles in Britain. |
Tsua, Charles Rupert | 徐永裕(長韻) | 1983— | Shu School; Birmingham, UK | Former compiler of the guqin and most relating articles on Wikipedia. Member of the Committee of the London Youlan Qin Society. Studied under Zeng Chengwei and plays primarily under the Shu School style. Independent scholar. |
Chow, Shuen-git / Swannjie (Mandarin: Zhou Xuanjie) | 周旋捷 | (act.) | Canada/France/China-HK | Chinese Canadian, created video documentary of Master guqin players, and children players - largest collection outside of China. Initiated the "Digital Guqin" projects to introduce guqin sounds to a wider, youthful audience as a lead in for authentic guqin culture and practice. Designed new guqin forms, research-creations using CAO (computer assisted composition) to explore possibilities of guqin sound wave treatments in contemporary art and culture. Created new designs in traditional guqin instruments, i.e. the "Half HunDun 2006", building of Digital Guqin Museum in 3D immersive virtual world platform Second life. > World's First Carbon Fiber Guqin prototype : original design "Half HunDun", July 2016. weight 2.38 kg. Carbon Fiber and lacquer, hard wood > Second prototype in the making : original design "Who's in the Qin?" ,, Website |
Fushimi Kiyoshi | 伏見靖 | 1956- | Kyoto, Japan | Guqin player, scholar in Japanese and Chinese traditional music. Style lineage from Mme. Tsar Teh-Yun. Director of Kamakura Qin Society then the 疇祉琴社 Chûshi Qin Society. |
Michele Cesaratto | (act.) | Udine, Italy | Guqin player, performer of Jiang Kui ci, founder of Chinese traditional music ensemble "Pelagia Noctiluca". Currently based in Florence. | |
Gulik, Robert Hans van | 高羅佩 | 1910—1967 | Netherlands | Dutch writer who wrote the important Lore of the Chinese Lute, also famous detective novelist, Ming style woodblock print specialist, diplomat. Erudite scholar in Chinese culture. |
Kim, Sang-sun | 金商順 (김상순) | (act.) | Seoul, Korea | Gayageum player who went to China to study guqin under Li Xiangting. Has an album published in Korea called 琴聲還鳴 (금성환명). |
Sakata Shinichi | 坂田進一 | (act.) | Japan | Guqin player, composer, scholar in the Japanese and Chinese traditional music, writer, director of Tokyo Kin-sha (Tokyo Qin Society). |
Vigo, Joan M | 易兆安 | (act.) | Spain | Founder and webmaster of the Friends of Guqin website. |
Streller-Shen, Qin | 沈沁 | (act.) | Switzerland | Guqin player and guqin teacher, Master of Philosophy from China Conservatory of Music. Teacher and webmaster of the www.qinqin.ch website. |
Takei Yuki (Gao Yusheng) | 武井欲生 (高欲生) | 1963- | Tokyo, Japan | Representative Director of [4] Japan Society for Promotions of Guqin (Inc. Association) |
Hanyu Pinyin, or simply pinyin, is the most common romanization system for Standard Chinese. In official documents, it is referred to as the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet. Hanyu literally means 'Han language'—that is, the Chinese language—while pinyin literally means 'spelled sounds'. Pinyin is the official system used in China, Singapore, Taiwan, and by the United Nations. Its use has become common when transliterating Standard Chinese mostly regardless of region, though it is less ubiquitous in Taiwan. It is used to teach Standard Chinese, normally written with Chinese characters, to students already familiar with the Latin alphabet. Pinyin is also used by various input methods on computers and to categorize entries in some Chinese dictionaries.
Wing Chun (Cantonese) or Yongchun (Mandarin) is a concept-based martial art, a form of Southern Chinese kung fu, and a close-quarters system of self-defense. It is a martial arts style characterized by its focus on close-quarters hand-to-hand combat, rapid-fire punches, and straightforward efficiency. It has a philosophy that emphasizes capturing and sticking to an opponent's centerline. This is accomplished using simultaneous attack and defense, tactile sensitivity, and using an opponent's force against them.
Wade–Giles is a romanization system for Mandarin Chinese. It developed from the system produced by Thomas Francis Wade during the mid-19th century, and was given completed form with Herbert Giles's A Chinese–English Dictionary (1892).
Chinese names are personal names used by individuals from Greater China and other parts of the Sinophone world. Sometimes the same set of Chinese characters could be chosen as a Chinese name, a Hong Kong name, a Japanese name, a Korean name, a Malaysian Chinese name, or a Vietnamese name, but they would be spelled differently due to their varying historical pronunciation of Chinese characters.
The pipa, pípá, or p'i-p'a is a traditional Chinese musical instrument belonging to the plucked category of instruments. Sometimes called the "Chinese lute", the instrument has a pear-shaped wooden body with a varying number of frets ranging from 12 to 31. Another Chinese four-string plucked lute is the liuqin, which looks like a smaller version of the pipa. The pear-shaped instrument may have existed in China as early as the Han dynasty, and although historically the term pipa was once used to refer to a variety of plucked chordophones, its usage since the Song dynasty refers exclusively to the pear-shaped instrument.
The guqin is a plucked seven-string Chinese musical instrument. It has been played since ancient times, and has traditionally been favoured by scholars and literati as an instrument of great subtlety and refinement, as highlighted by the quote "a gentleman does not part with his qin or se without good reason," as well as being associated with the ancient Chinese philosopher Confucius. It is sometimes referred to by the Chinese as "the father of Chinese music" or "the instrument of the sages". The guqin is not to be confused with the guzheng, another Chinese long stringed instrument also without frets, but with moveable bridges under each string.
The zheng or guzheng, is a Chinese plucked zither. The modern guzheng commonly has 21, 25, or 26 strings, is 64 inches long, and is tuned in a major pentatonic scale. It has a large, resonant soundboard made from Paulownia wood. Other components are often made from other woods for structural or decorative reasons. Guzheng players often wear a fingerpick made from materials such as plastic, resin, tortoiseshell, or ivory on one or both hands.
"Lion-Eating Poet in the Stone Den" is a short narrative poem written in Literary Chinese, composed of around 92 to 94 characters in which every word is pronounced shi when read in modern Standard Chinese, with only the tones differing.
Quán is the Pinyin romanization of the Chinese family names 權/权 and 全, as well as a customary spelling of 關. All written forms of the name are rare enough that they do not appear in the list of the 100 most common Chinese surnames.
The four arts, or the four arts of the Chinese scholar, were the four main academic and artistic talents required of the aristocratic ancient Chinese scholar-gentleman. They were the mastery of the qin, qi, shu and hua, and are also referred to by listing all four: 琴棋書畫; qínqíshūhuà.
Cheng Yu is a Chinese musician, known as a performer of the pipa, a Chinese four-stringed lute,
Bo Ya was a Chinese qin player from the state of Chu (楚), which is roughly equivalent to modern-day Jingzhou, Hubei. He lived during the Spring and Autumn period or Warring States period. His complete name is often incorrectly given as Yu Boya (俞伯牙) in Stories to Caution the World (警世通言), so he is sometimes referred to with the name of Yu Boya in modern literature. However, Bo Ya is the correct name, which is clarified in Lüshi Chunqiu (吕氏春秋).
The zanzhi finger crusher was a Chinese instrument of torture consisting of small sticks strung together with cords, which when placed around the fingers and gradually pulled, caused agonizing pain in order to force a confession. Under traditional Chinese law, a person could not be convicted of a crime unless they confessed. The zanzhi was a legal and non-lethal torture method for forcing women to confess, and for men there was the similar and more painful jiagun ankle crusher with three wooden planks that slowly compressed the feet.
Lui is a surname in various cultures. It may be a variant spelling of two Chinese surnames, as well as an Italian surname. The surname Lui can also be found on various Pacific Islands.
Chinese as a foreign or second language is when non-native speakers study Chinese varieties. The increased interest in China from those outside has led to a corresponding interest in the study of Standard Chinese as a foreign language, the official language of mainland China, Taiwan and Singapore. However, the teaching of Chinese both within and outside China is not a recent phenomenon. Westerners began learning different Chinese varieties in the 16th century. Within China, Mandarin became the official language in the early 20th century. Mandarin also became the official language of Taiwan when the Kuomintang took over control from Japan after World War II.
Mandarin Chinese is the primary formal Chinese language taught academically to students in Chinese Filipino private schools and additionally across other private and public schools, universities, and institutions in the Philippines, especially as the formal written Chinese language.
Hao is the Mandarin pinyin and Wade–Giles romanization of the Chinese surname written 郝 in Chinese characters. It is listed 77th in the Song dynasty classic text Hundred Family Surnames. As of 2008, it is the 82nd most common surname in China, shared by 2.7 million people.
Yang Jing is a Chinese born, Swiss composer and world-famous concert pipa soloist.
Lui Tsun-Yuen was a Chinese composer and teacher of Chinese classical music. He is known for his compositions and recordings of the pipa and guqin, and is recognized for bringing Chinese music to Western audiences.
Stringed music is prominent in China, especially in the Jiangnan region, where it is the name of all the instruments made from wood and string. This form of performance started from the Jin dynasty (266–420).