Conus harlandi

Conus harlandi
	Apertural and abapertural views of shell of Conus harlandiPetuch, E.J., 1987
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Caenogastropoda
Order:	Neogastropoda
Superfamily:	Conoidea
Family:	Conidae
Genus:	Conus
Species:	C. harlandi
Binomial name
	Conus harlandi; Petuch, 1987
Synonyms
	Conus (Stephanoconus) harlandiPetuch, 1987 · accepted, alternate representation; Protoconus harlandi(Petuch, 1987); Tenorioconus harlandi(Petuch, 1987);

Last updated December 28, 2023

Conus harlandi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.^[1]

Distribution

Locus typicus: Utila Island, Bay Islands, Honduras, Western Caribbean Sea.
This species occurs in the Caribbean Sea off Belize and Honduras
and as far South as Costa Rica.

Description

Original description: "Shell tapered, elongated; spire low, almost flattened; edge of shoulder sharp, smooth, without coronations; body whorl polished, shiny, covered with numerous very fine, closely-packed spiral threads, giving shell silky appearance; shell color reddish-brown to chestnut, overlaid with 12-15 evenly-spaced bands of tiny, white flammules and dots; one wide white band around shoulder, one around anterior tip, each, in turn, containing tiny reddish-brown dots and hairlike flammules; some specimens (as in the holotype) with white axial bands that correspond to previous lip edges; axial bands intersect spiral bands of white dots to produce checkered appearance; aperture long, narrow; interior of aperture with rose-pink shading; spire white, with scattered large reddish-brown blotches and numerous thin, hairlike flammules in between; periostracum thin, transparent.
Holotype: Length 33 mm, width 17 mm, in sand near weed beds,
at 60 ft. depth off Utila Island, Bay Islands, Honduras, 1986 - USNM 859883.
Paratypes: 2 specimens, lengths 11 and 26 mm,
same locality and depth as holotype, Harland collection;
20 specimens, same location as holotype, Sunderland collection;
2 specimens, same locality - USNM 859907. "^[2]

The maximum recorded shell length is 36 mm.^[3]

Habitat

Minimum recorded depth is 12 m.^[3] Maximum recorded depth is 18 m.^[3]

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References

1 2 Conus harlandi Petuch, 1987 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 27 March 2010.
↑ Petuch, E.J. 1987-New Caribbean Molluscan Faunas, page 74. Publ: CERF
1 2 3 Welch J. J. (2010). "The "Island Rule" and Deep-Sea Gastropods: Re-Examining the Evidence". PLoS ONE 5(1): e8776. doi : 10.1371/journal.pone.0008776.

Tucker J.K. & Tenorio M.J. (2009) Systematic classification of Recent and fossil conoidean gastropods. Hackenheim: Conchbooks. 296 pp.
Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23

External links

The Conus Biodiversity website
Cone Shells - Knights of the Sea
"Tenorioconus harlandi". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 16 January 2019.

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[WoRMS-1] 1 2 Conus harlandi Petuch, 1987 . Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 27 March 2010.

[2] Petuch, E.J. 1987-New Caribbean Molluscan Faunas, page 74. Publ: CERF

[Welch_2010-3] 1 2 3 Welch J. J. (2010). "The "Island Rule" and Deep-Sea Gastropods: Re-Examining the Evidence". PLoS ONE 5(1): e8776. doi : 10.1371/journal.pone.0008776.

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