Corunastylis

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Corunastylis is a historically recognized genus of about 50 species of orchids, native to Australia and New Zealand, now included in the genera Genoplesium and Prasophyllum .

In 1888, Robert Fitzgerald formally described Corunastylis apostasioides and published the description in Australian Orchids, the first time the name Corunastylis had been used. [1] In 1889, Ferdinand von Mueller changed the name to Prasophyllum apostasioides [2] and in 1989, David Jones and Mark Clements placed it and most other species of Prasophyllum into Genoplesium . [3] In 2002 Jones and Clements moved all the species of Genoplesium back into Corunastylis except for the New South Wales species Genoplesium baueri . [4]

A recent phylogenetic analysis of Prasophyllinae suggests that Corunastylis is paraphyletic, and funding from The Australian Orchid Foundation is supporting field work and molecular studies to improve understanding of the phylogeny of the subtribe. [5]

Plants of the World Online considers Corunastylis to be a synonym of Genoplesium . [6] All the species in the list below are now considered to be included in Genoplesium, except for Corunastylis obovata and Corunastylis unica, now included in the genus Prasophyllum as P. obovatum [7] and P. unicum [8] respectively.

The genus name Corunastylis is derived from Greek words meaning "a thick stick" and "a style". [9] [10]

The following is a list of species formerly included in Corunastylis:

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<i>Diuris</i> Genus of plants

Diuris, commonly known as donkey orchids, bee orchids, nanny goat orchids or pansy orchids, is a genus of more than sixty species of flowering plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae and is endemic to Australia, apart from one species endemic to Timor. The name "Diuris" refers to the hanging sepals but the common name "donkey orchid", derives from the ear-like petals common to all species. Many have mainly yellow flowers with darker markings and are thought to mimic nectar-producing flowers which open at the same time.

<i>Genoplesium plumosum</i> Species of orchid

Genoplesium plumosum, commonly known as the Tallong midge-orchid or plumed midge-orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to New South Wales. It is a small orchid only known from a few sites near the towns of Tallong and Wingello on the Southern Tablelands and is only relatively easy to find for about a month, when it flowers. It has been classified as "Endangered" under the EPBC Act.

<i>Genoplesium</i> Genus of orchids

Genoplesium commonly known as midge orchids, is a genus of about 50 species of flowering plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae and is found in Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia. Midge orchids are terrestrial herbs with a single leaf at the base of the plant. They are similar to orchids in the genus Prasophyllum in that plants without flowers have a hollow, onion-like leaf. The flowers are small but often scented and attractive to their insect pollinators. There is disagreement about which species belong to this genus and some taxonomists suggest that most belong in the genus Corunastylis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diurideae</span> Tribe of orchids

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<i>Genoplesium nigricans</i> Species of orchid

Genoplesium nigricans, commonly known as mallee midge orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to Australia. It is a terrestrial herb with a single leaf mostly surrounding the stem, and up to 50 tiny, greenish flowers with a deep maroon-coloured labellum and often have a fruity fragrance. Australian authorities use the name Corunastylis tepperi, a widespread species which has been confused with Corunastylis nigricans, a species with purplish brown flowers and which only occurs on Kangaroo Island and the Eyre Peninsula.

<i>Genoplesium nudum</i> Species of orchid

Genoplesium nudum, commonly known as the tiny midge orchid in Australia or the red midge orchid in New Zealand, is a small terrestrial orchid native to south-eastern Australia and New Zealand. It has a single thin leaf fused to the flowering stem and up to forty small, reddish-purple or green and red flowers. Australian and New Zealand authorities use the name Corunastylis nuda but Genoplesium nudum and Prasophyllum transversum are used by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.

Genoplesium rufum, commonly known as the rufous midge-orchid, is a species of orchid endemic to New South Wales. It has a single thin, wiry leaf and up to twenty five drooping, pinkish or reddish flowers on a flowering stem which is fused to the lower part of the leaf. It was formerly thought to range from Queensland to South Australia and Tasmania but specimens in other states are now assigned to Genoplesium clivicola.

<i>Genoplesium nudiscapum</i> Species of orchid

Genoplesium nudiscapum, commonly known as the bare midge orchid, is a species of small terrestrial orchid endemic to Tasmania. It has a single thin leaf fused to the flowering stem and up to twenty small, green and reddish-brown flowers. It was thought to be extinct, since it had not been seen since 1852 but was rediscovered in 2008. The species has also been described as occurring on continental Australia. The species is known as Corunastylis nudiscapa in Tasmania.

<i>Genoplesium morrisii</i> Species of orchid

Genoplesium morrisii, commonly known as the bearded midge orchid and known as Corunastylis morrisii in Australia, is a small terrestrial orchid endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has a single thin leaf fused to the flowering stem and up to fifteen small, dark purplish-black or green and purple flowers.

Genoplesium firthii, commonly known as Firth's midge orchid, is a species of small terrestrial orchid endemic to Tasmania. It has a single thin leaf fused to the flowering stem and up to six small, yellowish green or reddish flowers with a red labellum. It grows in coastal heath and scrub and is currently only known from a single population of about twelve plants near Coles Bay.

Genoplesium parvicallum, commonly known as the mountain-top midge-orchid, is a species of orchid which is endemic to Queensland. It is a small orchid with up to twenty five greenish flowers with purplish brown marking and is only known from mountaintops in the McPherson Range. It is treated as Corunastylis parvicalla in Queensland.

<i>Genoplesium ruppii</i> Species of orchid

Genoplesium ruppii, commonly known as Rupp's midge orchid, is a species of small terrestrial orchid that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has a single thin leaf fused to the flowering stem and up to twenty five small, hairy green flowers with a purple labellum.

Genoplesium sagittiferum, commonly known as the horned midge orchid, is a species of small terrestrial orchid that is endemic to New South Wales. It has a single thin leaf fused to the flowering stem and up to ten small, yellowish-green flowers with a hairy reddish labellum.

Genoplesium mucronatum is a species of small terrestrial orchid endemic to eastern New South Wales. It has a single leaf fused to the flowering stem and between six and twelve green and reddish-purple flowers.

Prasophyllum obovatum is a species of small terrestrial orchid endemic to New South Wales. It has a single leaf fused to the flowering stem and a few reddish-purple flowers with translucent patches.

Prasophyllum unicum is a species of terrestrial orchid that is endemic to New South Wales. It has a single leaf fused to the flowering stem and between two and fifteen flowers with a dark reddish labellum.

References

  1. ↑ "Corunastylis apostasioides". APNI. Retrieved 1 January 2018.
  2. ↑ "Prasophyllum apostasioides". APNI. Retrieved 1 January 2018.
  3. ↑ "Genoplesium apostasioides". APNI. Retrieved 1 January 2018.
  4. ↑ Barker, R. M.; Bates, Robert J (2008). "New combinations in Pterostylis and Caladenia and other name changes in the Orchidaceae of South Australia" (PDF). Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden. 22: 101–104. Retrieved 1 January 2018.
  5. ↑ "Molecular systematics of the Australian genus Corunastylis Fitzg. (Prasophyllinae, Orchidaceae)". The Australian Orchid Foundation. 11 May 2022. Retrieved 8 August 2023.
  6. ↑ "Corunastylis Fitzg". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 8 August 2023.
  7. ↑ "Prasophyllum obovatum". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 8 August 2023.
  8. ↑ "Prasophyllum unicum". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 8 August 2023.
  9. ↑ Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings. Kardinya, Western Australia: Four Gables Press. p. 71. ISBN   9780958034180.
  10. ↑ "Corunastylis". APNI. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
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