Transport in Afghanistan is done mostly by road, rail and air. Much of the nation's road network was built in the mid-20th century but left to ruin during the last two decades of that century due to war and political turmoil. Officials of the current Islamic Emirate have continued to improve the national highways, roads, and bridges. In 2008, there were about 700,000 vehicles registered in Kabul. At least 1,314 traffic collisions were reported in 2022.
Baghdad International Airport, previously Saddam International Airport from 1982 to 2003, is Iraq's largest international airport, located in a suburb about 16 km (9.9 mi) west of downtown Baghdad in the Baghdad Governorate. It is the home base for Iraq's national airline, Iraqi Airways.
Iraqi Airways Company, operating as Iraqi Airways, is the national carrier of Iraq, headquartered on the grounds of Baghdad International Airport in Baghdad. It is the second oldest airline in the Middle East. Iraqi Airways operates domestic and regional services; its main base is Baghdad International Airport. Iraqi Airways has been on the list of air carriers banned in the European Union since 2015 due to failing to meet EU safety criteria.
Kabul International Airport, is located about five kilometres (3 mi) from the center of Kabul in Afghanistan. It is owned by the Government of Afghanistan and operated by UAE-based GAAC Holding on behalf of the Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation. It serves as one of the nation's main international airports, capable of housing over one hundred aircraft. It was locally named as Khwaja Rawash Airport. The airport was renamed in 2014 in honor of former President Hamid Karzai. The decision was made by the National Assembly of Afghanistan and the Cabinet of the then President Ashraf Ghani. It was given its current name in 2021 by the Taliban.
Georgian Airways, formerly Airzena, is the privately-owned flag carrier of Georgia, with its headquarters in Tbilisi. Its main base is Tbilisi International Airport. The company filed for bankruptcy on December 31, 2021, linked to a restructuring procedure and it has been for sale since January 2022. The airline continues to operate a limited number of profitable flights during the restructuring phase.
Kam Air is the largest private Afghan airline. Founded in 2003, Kam Air has twelve aircraft and a workforce of over 1,200 people, operating scheduled domestic passenger services throughout Afghanistan and international services to destinations in Central Asia, South Asia, and the Middle East. Its hub is at Kabul International Airport in the capital Kabul.
Air Astana is an airline and the flag carrier of Kazakhstan. The airline group is headquartered in Almaty, Kazakhstan. It operates scheduled international and domestic services across 64 routes from its two hubs; Almaty International Airport, and Nursultan Nazarbayev International Airport.
Ishtar Airlines was an airline based in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, although it was a private Iraqi airline operating scheduled passenger services, its main bases were its only destinations, Baghdad International Airport and Dubai International Airport.
Erbil International Airport, is the main airport of the city of Erbil in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq. It is administered by the Iraqi Government and the Kurdistan Regional Government under a committee consisting of the Prime Minister of Kurdistan and is one of two international airports, with a third in Duhok being under construction. The new modern airport opened in 2005. The airport has one of the longest runways in the world.
Med Airways was a small Lebanese charter airline. It ceased all operations in 2015.
National Air Cargo Group, Inc., also operating as National Airlines, is a United States airline based in Orlando, Florida. It operates on-demand cargo and passenger charter services. It added scheduled passenger service on December 16, 2015 from its hub at Orlando Sanford International Airport, Orlando.
Click Airways was an airline based in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. It was established in 2004 and its main base was Sharjah International Airport.
Gryphon Airlines is an American-owned airline based in Vienna, Virginia, United States, in the Washington, D.C. area. It was the subsidiary of Ryan International Air which provided contracted service to various American airbases in the Middle East. It became the first airline to offer scheduled flights to the military side of Baghdad Airport, when these flights began in March 2007. The airline suspended operations in 2012 as a result of Ryan Airlines filed for bankruptcy.
Aktau International Airport, formerly Shevchenko-Central, is an international airport in Mangystau Region, Kazakhstan. It is the primary international airport serving Aqtau. The airport is the eighth-busiest international air passenger gateway into Central Asia, the 50th-busiest airport in the Post-Soviet states, and the fourth-busiest airport in Kazakhstan.
Eastern SkyJets was a charter airline, with full infrastructure based at Dubai International Airport, and Ras Al Khaima airport.
Midex Airlines was a cargo airline based in the United Arab Emirates. Licensed for both cargo and passenger services in 2007, the airline concentrated on scheduled cargo services. Passenger service never started. Scheduled cargo service had been operated from Al Ain to Paris ORY for few months, and subsequently closed due to lack of freight.
RUS Aviation is a cargo airline headquartered in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates and based at Sharjah International Airport.
SkyBus International Airlines was a charter airline in Kazakhstan. SkyBus was founded in 2008.
Many aviation-related events took place in 2021. The aviation industry continued to be impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
