| Craugastor milesi | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Craugastoridae |
| Genus: | Craugastor |
| Species: | C. milesi |
| Binomial name | |
| Craugastor milesi (K. Schmidt, 1933) | |
Craugastor milesi is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is endemic to Honduras. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Efforts to conserve Craugastor milesi are imperative. The species is now confined to a single threat-defined location within Parque Nacional Cusuco, and its global population is estimated to be less than 50 individuals. The extent and quality of its habitat are deteriorating, contributing to the suspected population decline. Conservation measures must be taken to protect this species from extinction. The IUCN assessed the conseevation status of the "Craugastor milesi" to be Critically Endangered. [2]
Craugastor milesi, previously a relatively common species, has faced a drastic decline in population. After not being seen since 1983, it was considered extinct until a few individuals were recorded in recent years. Despite surveys, no individuals have been spotted since 2013, suggesting a precarious situation. Ongoing habitat degradation continues to threaten the population of this species. [2]
Craugastor milesi is an endemic species, primarily found in the mountains of Omoa and Espiritu Santo on the Atlantic Slope in Honduras. Its altitudinal range spans from 1,050 to 1,841 meters above sea level. This species is also present in Parque Nacional Cusuco within the Cortés Department. The lack of records and suitable habitats outside of these locations indicates that it is unlikely to occur more widely. The species is considered possibly extinct beyond these known localities, highlighting its vulnerability. [2]
Craugastor milesi, faces several significant threats that have contributed to its population decline. These threats can be categorized into three main categories: disease-related declines, habitat alteration and destruction, and the impact of climate change [2]
Craugastor milesi has experienced population declines, and the exact cause remains uncertain. The Craugastor subgenus Campbellius, found in Honduras, underwent severe declines in the mid-1980s to the early 1990s, even in undisturbed habitats, indicating a potential chytrid-related decline, which may also affect Craugastor milesi. Additionally, the presence of chytrid infection was tested in individual plants in 2008 and 2013, yielding negative results. This suggests the possibility of a small population of resistant individuals in Parque Nacional Cusuco, but the species' existence remains at risk. [2]
Changes in land use and agricultural practices, including legislative changes promoting coffee cultivation in protected areas, are significant threats to Craugastor milesi. The cultivation of cardamom, coffee, and flowers in Parque Nacional Cusuco has led to pollution from herbicides and pesticides, as well as water pollution during coffee harvesting. Furthermore, human-induced fires, road construction, increasing human settlements, selective logging, and tourism activities are causing habitat loss and disturbance within the park, further endangering the species. [2]
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The Copan brook frog is a species of frog in the family Hylidae found in northeastern Guatemala and northwestern Honduras, specifically in the Sierra del Merendón, Sierra de Omoa, Sierra de Caral, and Sierra Espíritu Santo ranges. The colouring of this species is very distinctive and the specific name soralia comes from the resemblance of its markings to the vegetative structures on some crustose lichens.
Craugastor adamastus is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is endemic to Guatemala and only known from its type locality near Aldea Vista Hermosa, on the northern slopes of the eastern portion of the Sierra de las Minas, where the type series was collected in 1980–1981.
Craugastor anciano was a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It was endemic to the Cordillera de Celaque in Honduras. Its natural habitats were moist premontane and lower montane forests. It lived on the ground along streams.
Craugastor chrysozetetes is a possibly extinct species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is endemic to Honduras where it is only known from near its type locality on the Cerro Búfalo, Cordillera de Nombre de Dios, at the edge of the Pico Bonito National Park. Common name McCranie's robber frog has been coined for this species. However, James McCranie himself has argued that this name "should be rejected in favor of a name associated with the type locality instead of a name tied to one of the three authors who named this species".
Craugastor omoaensis is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is endemic to Honduras and also is one of 13 species of amphibians and reptiles that are endemic to the Sierra de Omoa. It is known from only 24 specimens studied. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, rivers, and intermittent rivers.
Craugastor stadelmani is a rare species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is endemic to the mountains of northern Honduras. The specific name stadelmani honors Raymond Edward Stadelman, curator at the Tela serpentarium and naturalist at the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Common names Stadelman's coqui, Stadelman's patterlove, and north-central Honduran montane streamside frog have been coined for it.
Craugastor trachydermus is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is endemic to Guatemala and only known from its type locality, Xiacam in the Sierra de Santa Cruz, Izabal Department, where the type series was collected in 1989. The species might already be extinct. However, specimens collected some 10 km (6.2 mi) from the type locality might belong to this species.
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Pseudophilautus steineri, known as Steiner's shrub frog, is a species of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae.
Cusuco National Park is a national park in Honduras. It was established on 1 January 1959 and covers an area of 234.4 square kilometres (90.5 sq mi).
Oedipina tomasi is a small, lungless salamander in the family Plethodontidae. This critically endangered amphibian has only ever been observed in the Cusuco National Park in Honduras. Very few specimens have been observed in the wild.
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