Cray House | |
Location | 109 Cockey Lane, Stevensville, MD, USA |
---|---|
Nearest city | Stevensville |
Coordinates | 38°58′53.43″N76°18′56.38″W / 38.9815083°N 76.3156611°W Coordinates: 38°58′53.43″N76°18′56.38″W / 38.9815083°N 76.3156611°W |
Area | less than one acre |
Built | 1809 |
Architectural style | Post & Plank Log Cabin |
NRHP reference No. | 83002960 [1] |
Added to NRHP | May 9, 1983 |
The Cray House is a two-room house in Stevensville, Maryland. Built around 1809, it is a rare surviving example of post-and-plank construction, and of a build of small house which once dominated the local landscape. [2] For these reasons it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. [3]
The house was constructed in two stages, with the earliest portion dating to around 1809. [3] The land upon which it stands was once called Steven's Adventure, after Francis Stevens, to whom title was granted in 1694. [2] The first section to be built, using an unusual sort of post-and-plank method, was a three-bay, 1+1⁄2-story house. Later, a frame addition was made to the south end, also containing three bays. At this time the original roof was replaced by a gambrel roof, which ran the entire length of the house. The resulting structure is quite similar to a house style that was once relatively common during the late 18th and early 19th century in Queen Anne's County, Maryland.
The house was auctioned publicly in 1914; its namesake, widow Nora Cray, later lived there with her nine children. In 1975 her heirs donated the house, and its lot, to the Kent Island Heritage Society, which group have restored and furnished it and opened it to the public. [2]
The earlier section of house remains fairly ordered; a central door on each facade is flanked by six-over-six-pane windows. The north gable end is a blank wall, and the chimney is "paneled", with its brickwork exposed up to the second floor. In these respects, the house is not unique, as several similar houses can still be found countywide. [3] The modest size of the original house, too, is very much in keeping with other houses of its age from the surrounding area; such buildings were common in Tidewater Maryland well into the nineteenth century. [3] Less common is the post-and-plank construction of the earliest portion of the house, unusual in Tidewater Maryland, and examples such as this, where the planks run from corner to corner, were virtually unknown before this example was found. [3]
The house has a hall-parlor plan that had only one heated room per floor. Despite its small size, however, it was kitted out with full interior trim; elements include beaded board partition and baseboards, a two-piece chair rail, refined trim and a mantel on the first floor. [2]
In addition to the main dwelling, a smokehouse stands on the property, at the rear of the lot. This structure is not original to the site, but was moved to the house as a rare example of a once-common feature of houses in the region. [2] It is currently operated as a gift shop in conjunction with the house-museum.
When first discovered, the Cray House was thought to be a unique survival of an unusual type of post-and-plank construction. Subsequent investigations have shown that a number of these buildings remain, scattered throughout Tidewater Maryland. Unfortunately, almost all of these buildings are in threatened condition. The majority of the known examples are either small farm buildings or have been adapted as kitchen wings for larger houses. The Cray House, along with two similar buildings in southern Maryland, remain the only examples of such a structure that have remained relatively intact as dwellings. [3]
The Cray House is one of a number of historic structures in Stevensville; many are grouped within the Stevensville Historic District, but the Cray House was listed separately. It is, however, located in the middle of the historic area, on Cockey Lane; behind it is the Stevensville Train Depot, while just down the street are the Old Post Office building and the Stevensville Bank.
Stevensville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Queen Anne's County, Maryland, United States, and is the county's most populous place among both CDPs and municipalities. The community is the eastern terminus of the Chesapeake Bay Bridge. The Stevensville Historic District is one of only two registered historic districts in the county, the other being the Centreville Historic District.
Kent Island is the largest island in the Chesapeake Bay and a historic place in Maryland. To the east, a narrow channel known as the Kent Narrows barely separates the island from the Delmarva Peninsula, and on the other side, the island is separated from Sandy Point, an area near Annapolis, by roughly four miles (6.4 km) of water. At only four miles wide, the main waterway of the bay is at its narrowest at this point and is spanned here by the Chesapeake Bay Bridge. The Chester River runs to the north of the island and empties into the Chesapeake Bay at Kent Island's Love Point. To the south of the island lies Eastern Bay. The United States Census Bureau reports that the island has 31.62 square miles (81.90 km2) of land area.
The Queen Anne’s Railroad was a railroad that ran between Love Point, Maryland, and Lewes, Delaware, with connections to Baltimore via ferry across the Chesapeake Bay. The Queen Anne's Railroad company was formed in Maryland in 1894, and received legislative authorization from Delaware in February 1895. The railroad's original western terminus was in Queenstown, Maryland, and was moved via a 13-mile (21 km) extension to Love Point in 1902, which shortened the ferry trip to Baltimore.
Christ Church refers to both an Episcopal parish currently located in Matapeake, Maryland and the historic church building located in the Stevensville Historic District in Stevensville, Maryland, which the parish occupied from 1880 to 1995, and that is now a Lutheran church. Christ Church Parish was one of the original 30 Anglican parishes in the Province of Maryland.
The method of building wooden buildings with a traditional timber frame with horizontal plank or log infill has many names, the most common of which are piece sur piece, corner post construction, post-and-plank, Ständerbohlenbau (German) and skiftesverk (Swedish). This traditional building method is believed to be the predecessor to half-timber construction widely known by its German name fachwerkbau which has wall infill of wattle and daub, brick, or stone. This carpentry was used from parts of Scandinavia to Switzerland to western Russia. Though relatively rare now, two types are found in a number of regions in North America, more common are the walls with planks or timbers which slide in a groove in the posts and less common is a type where horizontal logs are tenoned into individual mortises in the posts. This method is not the same as the plank-frame buildings in North America with vertical plank walls.
Bachelor's Hope is a historic house in Centreville, Maryland. Built between 1798 and 1815, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.
The Stevensville Historic District, also known as Historic Stevensville, is a national historic district in downtown Stevensville, Queen Anne's County, Maryland. It contains roughly 100 historic structures, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is located primarily along East Main Street, a portion of Love Point Road, and a former section of Cockey Lane.
The Stevensville Bank is a historic bank building located near the center of Stevensville, Maryland, United States, and is in the Stevensville Historic District. The building's name is a reference to Stevensville Savings Bank which once occupied the building. The classically detailed bank is now used as a law office.
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Bishopton is a historic home located at Church Hill, Queen Anne's County, Maryland. It is a 1+1⁄2-story, brick dwelling, three bays wide, and one room deep with a hall-parlor plan in the 18th century Tidewater Maryland/Virginia vernacular style It was built about 1711. The facades are laid in Flemish bond and the upper gables feature glazed chevron patterns.
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Friendship is a historic home located at Stevensville, Queen Anne's County, Maryland. It is a 1+1⁄2-story dwelling of Flemish bond brick construction and was built in two stages, both dating to the 18th century. The earliest section is traditionally believed to date to the 1740s. Also on the property is a frame smoke house and dairy.
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Legg's Dependence, also known as Long Creek Farm and William E. Porter Farm, is a historic home located at Stevensville, Queen Anne's County, Maryland. It is a 2+1⁄2-story center-hall plan brick house. It was built in several stages beginning around 1760–80, as a single-story hall/parlor plan dwelling. It was enlarged to its present form during the second quarter of the 19th century. The estate at one point was home to an enslaved husband and wife, Sling and Sarah Louis, who were sold through a trader in Richmond, Virginia to the owner of a plantation near Ashbie's Gap in Virginia. One or both of Sling and Sarah's parents later escaped with the help of Harriet Tubman and found their way to Philadelphia. Reverend Silas Jackson, Ex-slave narrative as recorded Sept. 29, 1937 and available through the Library of Congress.
The Lorin Cray House is a historic structure in Mankato, Minnesota. Originally a private home, it was owned by the local YWCA for just over 80 years, from late 1927 until they changed locations in early 2008. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 28, 1980.
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