Cryptocarya foetida

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Cryptocarya foetida
Cryptocarya-foetida.JPG
Stinking laurel
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Magnoliids
Order: Laurales
Family: Lauraceae
Genus: Cryptocarya
Species:
C. foetida
Binomial name
Cryptocarya foetida
Fruit in the Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney Cryptocarya foetida.jpg
Fruit in the Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney

Cryptocarya foetida, commonly known as stinking cryptocarya or stinking laurel, [1] is a species of flowering plant in the family Lauraceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a small to medium-sized tree with egg-shaped to elliptic leaves, ceam coloured, unpleasantly perfumed, tube-shaped flowers, and spherical black to purplish drupes.

Contents

Description

Cryptocarya foetida is a small or medium-sized tree that typically grows to a height of up to 25 m (82 ft), the stem not butressed with a trunk dbh of 25 cm (9.8 in). The leaves are egg-shaped to elliptic or oval, 8–150 mm (0.31–5.91 in) long and 33–44 mm (1.3–1.7 in) wide on a petiole 6–10 mm (0.24–0.39 in) long. Both surfaces of the leaves are glabrous with prominent veins, and the lower surface is paler. The flowers are arranged in dense panicles that are shorter than the leaves, the perianth tube 1.1–1.2 mm (0.043–0.047 in) long and 1.5–1.7 mm (0.059–0.067 in) wide. The tepals are 1.7–1.9 mm (0.067–0.075 in) long and 0.8–0.9 mm (0.031–0.035 in) wide, the outer anthers 0.7–0.8 mm (0.028–0.031 in) long and 0.5–0.6 mm (0.020–0.024 in) wide, the inner anthers 0.8 mm (0.031 in) long and 0.4 mm (0.016 in) wide. Flowering mainly occurs in February, and the fruit is a spherical black to purplish-black drupe, 8–13 mm (0.31–0.51 in) long and 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in) wide. [1] [3] [4]

Taxonomy

Cryptocarya foetida was first formally described in 1905 by Richard Thomas Baker in the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales . [5] [6] The specific epithet (foetida) is a Latin word meaning 'stinking' or 'evil-smelling. [7]

Distribution and habitat

Stinking cryptocarya occurs from east of Gympie in southern Queensland to Iluka in northern New South Wales, where it grows in littoral rainforest on old sand dunes. [3] [4]

Conservation status

This species of Cryptocarya is listed as "vulnerable" under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and the New South Wales Government Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 . The main threats to the species are its small population size, clearing and fragmentation of habitat, and weed invasion. [1] [4]

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Cryptocarya erythroxylon commonly known as rose maple, rose walnut, pigeonberry ash, red-wooded cryptocarya, southern maple or bottleberry, is a species of flowering plant in the laurel family and is endemic to eastern Australia. Its leaves are elliptic to lance-shaped the flowers cream-coloured and tube-shaped, and the fruit a pear-shaped black drupe.

<i>Cryptocarya bidwillii</i> Species of tree

Cryptocarya bidwillii, commonly known as yellow laurel, is a species of flowering plant in the laurel family and is endemic to eastern Australia. Its leaves are lance-shaped to elliptic, the flowers creamy-white and tube-shaped, and the fruit an elliptic black drupe.

<i>Cryptocarya floydii</i> Species of tree

Cryptocarya floydii, commonly known as Glenugie laurel or gorge laurel is a species of flowering plant in the family Lauraceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a tree with lance-shaped leaves, pale green tube-shaped flowers, and spherical black drupes.

<i>Persoonia confertiflora</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia confertiflora, commonly known as cluster-flower geebung, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is an erect to low-lying shrub with hairy young branches, egg-shaped to narrow elliptic leaves, and hairy yellow flowers borne on leaf axils or on the ends of short branches.

<i>Cryptocarya corrugata</i> Species of plant in the family Lauraceae

Cryptocarya corrugata, commonly known as corduroy laurel, oak walnut, acidwood or bull's breath, is a species of flowering plant in the laurel family and is endemic to north Queensland. It is a tree with egg-shaped to elliptic leaves, the flowers creamy-green, slightly perfumed and tube-shaped, and the fruit a spherical black to bluish-black drupe.

<i>Cryptocarya cunninghamii</i> Species of tree

Cryptocarya cunninghamii, commonly known as Cunningham's laurel or coconut laurel, is a species of flowering plant in the laurel family and is endemic to northern Australia. It is a tree with oblong to elliptic leaves, the flowers creamy-green and tube-shaped, and the fruit a spherical black to purplish-blackdrupe.

<i>Leucopogon microcarpus</i> Species of plant

Leucopogon microcarpus is a species of flowering plant in the heath family Ericaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is a low, compact shrub with hairy young branchlets, narrowly elliptic, narrowly egg-shaped or linear leaves and erect, compact clusters of 3 to 9 white, tube-shaped flowers in upper leaf axils or on the ends of branches.

<i>Cryptocarya angulata</i> Species of tree

Cryptocarya angulata, commonly known as ivory laurel, ivory walnut, bull's breath or acidwood, is a tree in the laurel family and is endemic to north Queensland, Australia. Its leaves are lance-shaped to elliptic or egg-shaped, the flowers tube-shaped and creamy-green and the fruit a bluish or black drupe.

<i>Cryptocarya bamagana</i> Species of tree

Cryptocarya bamagana, commonly known as Bamaga walnut, is a tree in the laurel family and is endemic to Cape York Peninsula. Its leaves are lance-shaped to elliptic or egg-shaped, the flowers cream-coloured and tube-shaped, and the fruit a spherical black drupe.

<i>Cryptocarya bellendenkerana</i> Species of tree

Cryptocarya bellendenkerana is a tree in the laurel family and is endemic to North Queensland. Its leaves are lance-shaped to egg-shaped, the flowers creamy-green and tube-shaped, and the fruit a spherical black drupe.

<i>Cryptocarya brassii</i> Species of tree

Cryptocarya brassii is a species of flowering plant in the laurel family and is native to far north Queensland and Papua New Guinea. Its leaves are elliptic to oblong or lance-shaped, the flowers cream-coloured and tube-shaped, and the fruit an elliptic black to bluish-black drupe.

<i>Cryptocarya burckiana</i> Species of tree

Cryptocarya burckiana is a tree in the laurel family and is native to Cape York Peninsula in Queensland and to Malesia. Its leaves are lance-shaped to elliptic, the flowers cream-coloured and tube-shaped, and the fruit a spherical black drupe.

Cryptocarya cercophylla is a species of flowering plant in the laurel family and is endemism to Wooroonooran National Park in north Queensland. It is a poorly-formed tree with egg-shaped to elliptic leaves, the flowers creamy-green or cream-coloured and tube-shaped, and the fruit an elliptic, red to shiny black drupe.

<i>Cryptocarya clarksoniana</i> Species of tree

Cryptocarya clarksoniana, commonly known as Clarkson's laurel, is a tree in the laurel family and is endemic to north Queensland. Its leaves are lance-shaped to elliptic, the flowers creamy-green and tube-shaped, and the fruit a spherical black drupe.

<i>Cryptocarya claudiana</i> Species of tree

Cryptocarya claudiana, commonly known as Claudie laurel, is a tree in the laurel family and is endemic to Cape York Peninsula in Queensland. Its leaves are oblong to elliptic, the flowers creamy-green, perfumed and tube-shaped, and the fruit an elliptic or spherical black drupe.

<i>Cryptocarya cocosoides</i> Species of tree

Cryptocarya cocosoides, commonly known as coconut laurel, is a tree in the laurel family and is endemic to north Queensland. Its leaves are lance-shaped to elliptic, the flowers creamy-green, perfumed and tube-shaped, and the fruit a spherical black to purple drupe.

<i>Cryptocarya densiflora</i> Species of plant in the family Lauraceae

Cryptocarya densiflora, commonly known as cinnamon laurel or white laurel, is a tree in the laurel family and is native to north Queensland and parts of Indonesia. Its leaves are lance-shaped to elliptic, the flowers yellowish-green and brown, tube-shaped but not perfumed, and the fruit is a flattened spherical, reddish maroon drupe that turns black when ripe.

<i>Cryptocarya dorrigoensis</i> Species of plant in the family Lauraceae

Cryptocarya dorrigoensis, commonly known as Dorrigo laurel, is a species of flowering plant in the laurel family and is native to northern New South Wales. It is a tree with lance-shaped leaves, the flowers greenish-cream to creamy-yellow but not perfumed, and the fruit is a spherical to elliptic, black to bluish-black drupe.

<i>Cryptocarya endiandrifolia</i> Species of plant in the family Lauraceae

Cryptocarya endiandrifolia, commonly known as narrow-leaved walnut, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lauraceae family and is native to Cape York Peninsula and New Guinea. Its leaves are elliptic to oblong or lance-shaped, the flowers cream-coloured or pale green and unpleasantly perfumed, and the fruit is a spherical to elliptic black drupe.

<i>Cryptocarya exfoliata</i> Species of plant in the family Lauraceae

Cryptocarya exfoliata is a species of flowering plant in the family Lauraceae family and is native to Cape York Peninsula the Northern Territory and New Guinea. Its leaves are lance-shaped, the flowers creamy-green and slightly perfumed, and the fruit is a spherical to elliptic black drupe.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Approved Conservation Advice for Cryptocarya foetida (Stinking Cryptocarya)" (PDF). Australian Government, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  2. ↑ "Cryptocarya foetida". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  3. 1 2 Le Cussan, J.; Hyland, Bernard P.M. "Cryptocarya foetida". Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water: Canberra. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  4. 1 2 3 Harden, Gwen J. "Cryptocarya foetida". Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  5. ↑ "Cryptocarya foetida". Australian Plant Name Index. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  6. ↑ Baker, Richard T. (1905). "On an undescribed Species of Cryptocarya from Eastern Australia". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. 30: 517–519. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  7. ↑ Stearn, William T. (1992). Botanical Latin - History,Grammar, Syntax, Terminology and Vocabulary. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. p. 414.
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