Czechoslovak parliamentary election, 1929

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Czechoslovak parliamentary election, 1929

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←  1925 27 October 1929 (1929-10-27) 1935  →
All 300 seats to the Chamber of Deputies
All 150 seats to the Senate
151 seats needed for a majority
Turnout 90.2%

 First partySecond partyThird party
  Antonin Svehla.jpg Antonin Hampl.jpg Vaclav Klofac - barva.jpg
Leader Antonín Švehla Antonín Hampl Václav Klofáč
Party RSZML ČSSD ČSNS
Seats after463932
Seat changeIncrease2.svg 1Increase2.svg 10Increase2.svg 4
Popular vote1,105,498963,462767,328
Percentage15.0%13.0%10.4%
 Fourth partyFifth partySixth party
  Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R90009, Budapest, II. Weltfestspiele, Festumzug, tschechische Delegation (cropped KG).jpg Jan Sramek.jpg Ludwig Czech.jpg
Leader Klement Gottwald Jan Šrámek Ludwig Czech
Party KSČ ČSL DSAP
Seats after302521
Seat changeDecrease2.svg 11Decrease2.svg 6Increase2.svg 4
Popular vote753,220623,340506,761
Percentage10.2%8.4%6.9%
 Seventh partyEighth partyNinth party
  Andrej Hlinka 1937.jpg Franz Spina.jpg Karel Kramar.jpg
Leader Andrej Hlinka Franz Spina Karel Kramář
Party HSĽS BdL ČsND
Alliance German Coalition ČsND–SNS–RNP
Seats after191615
Seat changeDecrease2.svg 4Increase2.svg 16Increase2.svg 2
Popular vote425,051396,454359,547
Percentage5.8%5.4%4.9%
Prime Minister before election

Antonín Švehla
RSZML

Elected Prime Minister

František Udržal
RSZML

Czechoslovakia
Coat of arms of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic.svg
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Czechoslovakia
Administrative divisions

Parliamentary elections were held in Czechoslovakia on 27 October 1929. [1] The result was a victory for the Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants, which won 46 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 24 seats in the Senate. Voter turnout was 90.2% in the Chamber election and 78.8% for the Senate. [2]

Czechoslovakia 1918–1992 country in Central Europe, predecessor of the Czech Republic and Slovakia

Czechoslovakia, or Czecho-Slovakia, was a sovereign state in Central Europe that existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until its peaceful dissolution into the Czech Republic and Slovakia on 1 January 1993.

Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants

The Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants was a centre-right agrarian party of Czechoslovakia, seen as representing big business and agriculture. In the period up to 1935 it was the biggest and most influential political party in the country. Led by Antonín Švehla and Milan Hodža, the party influenced Czechoslovak politics between World War I and World War II. It participated in the Pětka coalition governments, and it was a member of the International Agrarian Bureau.

Contents

Results

The 1929 election took place at a juncture of relative prosperity, just before the Great Depression. [3] The rightward shift of the 1925 election was reversed, moderate centre-left groups (Social Democrats and Czechoslovak National Socialists) increased their vote shares whilst the Communist Party suffered a set-back. [4] [5]

Great Depression 20th-century worldwide economic depression

The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, beginning in the United States. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations; in most countries it started in 1929 and lasted until the late-1930s. It was the longest, deepest, and most widespread depression of the 20th century. In the 21st century, the Great Depression is commonly used as an example of how intensely the world's economy can decline.

The Communist Party was the sole multinational political party in the country at the time. [6] It had emerged as a major force in the 1925 election and had around 150,000 members in 1928. [6] In 1929 leadership shifted to a younger generation and a major purge of party ranks took place. [6]

The Jewish Party, which had failed to win representation in 1925, managed to win two seats through an alliance with three Polish parties. [7] [8] Its deputies were Ludvík Singer from Bohemia and Julius Reiz from Slovakia. [7] [8]

The Jewish Party was a political party of the First Czechoslovak Republic. It was founded in 1919 by the Jewish National Council in Prague. It was the strongest Jewish political party in the interwar Czechoslovakia although many Jews were rather active in non-Jewish parties, be they Czech, German or Hungarian. The party adopted a Zionist political program and succeeded in influencing the Czechoslovak government to acknowledge Jews as an official national minority in the constitution of 1920.

General Radola Gajda's list ('League against Bound Tickets'), which called for the formation of a corporativist state, failed to make a major headway but won three seats (Gajda, Jiří Stříbrný and Karel Pergler). [3] [9] Gajda's political line was fascist, anti-Semitic and anti-German. [9]

Radola Gajda Czechoslovak legioneer, Czechoslovak politician and general

Radola Gajda, born as Rudolf Geidl (14 February 1892, Kotor, Kingdom of Dalmatia, Austria-Hungary – 15 April 1948, Prague, Czechoslovakia was military commander and politician.

Jiří Stříbrný Czech politician, publisher and publicist

Jiří Stříbrný was a Czech politician. He was one of the "founding fathers" of the Czechoslovak Republic, but became a quite controversial figure later on. He died in prison in 1955, after being charged with World War II collaboration, although the specifics of that remain unclear.

Karel Pergler, known also by Anglicized Charles Pergler was a Czech-American lawyer, journalist, diplomat and politician. He was a Czechoslovak First Republic ambassador to the United States and Japan.

In Slovakia, the Hlinka's Slovak People's Party resigned from the coalition government on 8 October 1929. [10] [11] The move followed a long controversy around the legal case of the party newspaper editor Vojtech Tuka, who was sentenced for espionage and treason on 5 October 1929. [12] The Tuka affair had resulted in an internal rift in the party, with the expelled anti-Tuka faction (led by Juriga and Tománek) setting up their own Juriga's Slovak People's Party. [13]

Vojtech Tuka slovak minister of foreign affairs of the Slovakia, prime minister of the Slovakia and war criminal

Vojtech Lázar "Béla" Tuka was the Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the First Slovak Republic between 1939 and 1945. Tuka was one of the main forces behind the deportation of Slovak Jews to Nazi concentration camps in German occupied Poland. He was the leader of the radical wing of the Slovak People's Party.

Juriga's Slovak People's Party was a political party in Slovakia. The party was founded in 1929 as a split from the Hlinka's Slovak People's Party. The leaders of Juriga's Slovak People's Party, Juriga and Tománek, had been expelled from Hlinka's Slovak People's Party in February 1929, as they opposed party leader Andrej Hlinka's support for Vojtech Tuka during his treason trial. The party published Slovenské l'udové Noviny as its organ.

In the election the party saw a decline compared to the 1925 vote and it went from 23 seats in 1925 to 19 seats. [11] One interpretation is that two years of government participation without achieving Slovak autonomy had weakened the party. [13] Moreover the party had an ambiguous stance during the Tuka affair. [13] The Juriga faction failed to make any impact in the election. [13]

The Czechoslovak National Democrats contested the election in Slovakia together with the Slovak National Party led by Martin Rázus. [14] Nevertheless, relations between Rázus and the leader of the National Democrats in Slovakia Milan Ivanka were strained, as the former was fiercely autonomist and the latter a strong supporter of Czechoslovak nationhood. [14]

The Czechoslovak Social Democrats won five seats from Slovakia, an increase by three seats compared to the 1925 election. [15] The Communist Party on the other hand retreated from 5 seats in Slovakia, compared to 8 seats in 1925. [16] Magyar and German parties won 9 seats from Slovakia. [11]

The Czechoslovak National Socialists, which lacked widespread support in the area, managed to win two seat from Slovakia. [17] This was the best result for the party in Slovakia during the years of the First Republic. [17] Another Czech party trying to build a base in Slovakia was the Czechoslovak People's Party, which managed to get its local leader Martin Mičura elected. [17]

On 7 December 1929 František Udržal formed a coalition government of Czechoslovak Agrarians, Czechoslovak People's Party, Czechoslovak Social Democrats, Czechoslovak National Socialists, Czechoslovak National Democrats, Czechoslovak Traders' Party, German Agrarians and German Social Democrats. [3] Whilst the cabinet was politically broadened after the 1929 election, it lacked representation from Slovak populists, German Clericals or the Magyar parties. [10] [12]

Chamber of Deputies

National summary

Most voted party per electoral district Czechoslovak election 1929 - Chamber of Deputies - most voted party per electoral district.png
Most voted party per electoral district
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
  Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants 1,105,49815.046+1
Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 963,46213.039+10
Czechoslovak National Socialist Party 767,32810.432+4
Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 753,22010.230–11
Czechoslovak People's Party 623,3408.425–6
German Social Democratic Workers' Party 506,7616.921+4
Hlinka's Slovak People's Party 425,0515.819–4
German Electoral Coalition 396,4545.416New
Czechoslovak National Democracy 359,5474.915+2
DCVP–PGD–WSdM348,0664.714+1
Czechoslovak Traders' Party 291,2093.912–1
OKSZP–MNP–ZDP 257,3723.59+5
German National Socialist Workers' Party 204,1102.88+1
DNP–SdLB 189,1872.67–3
Electoral Union of Polish and Jewish Parties194,3742.64New
League Against Bound Tickets 3New
Provincial Party of Smallholders, Entrepreneurs and Workers00
All German People's Party for Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia0New
Juriga's Slovak People's Party 0New
Total7,384,9791003000
Source: Nohlen & Stöver

Summary by province

Bohemia Electoral districts I-IX 160 seats Bohemia highlighted - Electoral districts (Chamber of Deputies) in Czechoslovakia 1925, 1929, 1935 (numbered).png
Bohemia
Electoral districts I-IX
160 seats
Moravia-Silesia Electoral districts X-XIV 70 seats Moravia-Silesia highlighted - Electoral districts (Chamber of Deputies) in Czechoslovakia 1925, 1929, 1935 (numbered).png
Moravia-Silesia
Electoral districts X-XIV
70 seats
Slovakia Electoral districts XV-XXI 61 seats Slovakia highlighted - Electoral districts (Chamber of Deputies) in Czechoslovakia 1925, 1929, 1935 (numbered).png
Slovakia
Electoral districts XV-XXI
61 seats
Subcarpathian Rus' Electoral district XXII 9 seats Subcarpathian Rus highlighted - Electoral districts (Chamber of Deputies) in Czechoslovakia 1925, 1929, 1935 (numbered).png
Subcarpathian Rus'
Electoral district XXII
9 seats
Party Bohemia Moravia-
Silesia 		Slovakia Subcarpathian
Rus'
Votes%Votes%Votes%Votes%
  Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants 524,57813.38224,52212.18278,97919.1477,41928.25
  Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 535,35813.66269,67414.63135,5069.3022,9248.36
  Czechoslovak National Socialist Party 535,74013.67177,5959.6343,9683.0210,0253.66
  Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 398,26010.16162,1368.79152,24210.4540,58214.81
  Czechoslovak People's Party 255,8776.53321,93617.4636,5482.518,9793.28
  German Social Democratic Workers' Party 387,0609.87114,8776.234,8240.33
  Hlinka's Slovak People's Party 9620.0220,4061.11403,68327.70
  German Electoral Coalition 288,9727.3790,5604.9113,7040.943,2181.17
  Czechoslovak National Democracy 200,9955.1356,1983.0553,7453.6948,60917.74
  German Christian Social People's Party and German Commercial Party221,9455.66126,1216.84
  Czechoslovak Traders' Party 176,1884.4977,5394.2130,1342.077,3482.68
  Provincial Christian Socialist, Hungarian National Party and Zipser German Party 226,91715.5730,45511.11
  German National Socialist Workers' Party 136,3843.4867,7263.67
  German National Party and Sudeten German Rural League 124,2553.1764,9323.52
 Electoral Union of Polish and Jewish Parties13,6990.3540,4102.1933,6792.3116,7686.12
  League Against Bound Tickets 60,8371.558,2030.441,8100.12
 Provincial Party of Smallholders, Entrepreneurs and Workers6,9010.47
 All German People's Party of Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia6,6720.17
  Juriga's Slovak People's Party 5,3950.37
Invalid votes52,1781.3320,8811.1329,2332.017,7322.82
Total cast votes3,919,9601001,843,7161001,457,268100274,059100
Abstention331,9628.47155,8628.45164,06111.2636,57413.35
Total eligible voters4,251,9221,999,5781,621,329310,633
Source: [18]

Senate

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
  Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants 978,29115.224+1
  Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 841,33113.020+6
  Czechoslovak National Socialist Party 666,60710.316+2
  Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 644,89610.015–5
  Czechoslovak People's Party 559,7008.713–3
  German Social Democratic Workers' Party 446,9406.911+2
  Hlinka's Slovak People's Party 377,4985.99–3
  German Electoral Coalition 359,0025.69New
  Czechoslovak National Democracy 325,0235.08+1
  German Christian Social People's Party 313,5444.98+1
  Czechoslovak Traders' Party 274,0854.260
  Provincial Christian-Socialist Party 233,7723.66+4
  German National Socialist Workers' Party 171,1812.74+1
  German National Party 166,7182.60–5
 Other parties91,9131.41+1
Total6,450,5011001500
Source: Nohlen & Stöver

Results by electoral district

Below is a listing of results in the elections to the Chamber of Deputies, with the electoral districts listed by senatorial electoral district (usually consisting of two Chamber of Deputies electoral districts).

Prague

Prague - Section A Seats: 24 IA - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
Prague - Section A
Seats: 24
Prague - Section B Seats: 24 IB - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
Prague - Section B
Seats: 24
PartyI. Section AI. Section B
Votes%Votes%
  Czechoslovak National Socialist Party 104,77121.12117,64122.08
  Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants 88,12017.7695,53617.93
  Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 79,98116.1292,91117.44
  Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 58,90511.8757,99810.89
  Czechoslovak People's Party 45,7159.2152,2629.81
  Czechoslovak National Democracy 48,1509.7044,7968.41
  Czechoslovak Traders' Party 29,6385.9732,9746.19
  League Against Bound Tickets 23,1254.6623,0674.33
  German Electoral Coalition 7,9711.617,5581.42
 United Jewish and Polish Parties4,0690.822,7950.52
  German Social Democratic Workers' Party 2,2950.462,3760.45
  German Christian Social People's Party 1,7020.341,4320.27
  German National Socialist Workers' Party 7560.158320.16
  German National Party 9680.205780.11
Total valid votes496,166100532,756100
Source: [18]
NationalityIA (%)IB (%)
Czechoslovak parties84.5586.19
Communists11.8710.89
German parties2.762.40
Polish-Jewish parties0.820.52
Source: [18]

Hradec Králové

Josef Adámek (Czechoslovak People's Party) was elected from Pardubice electoral district. [19]

II. Pardubice Seats: 11 II - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
II. Pardubice
Seats: 11
III. Hradec Kralove Seats: 12 III - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
III. Hradec Králové
Seats: 12
PartyII. PardubiceIII. Hradec Králové
Votes%Votes%
  Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants 57,65421.5649,14616.50
  Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 49,86318.6538,99013.09
  Czechoslovak National Socialist Party 41,75615.6241,74214.02
  Czechoslovak People's Party 41,21315.4130,74310.32
  Czechoslovak Traders' Party 16,8616.3120,3066.82
  German Social Democratic Workers' Party 9,0303.3825,9608.72
  Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 15,9555.9718,6006.25
  German Electoral Coalition 12,3684.6320,2216.79
  German Christian Social People's Party 7,0322.6321,0887.08
  Czechoslovak National Democracy 10,1863.8115,5945.24
  German National Socialist Workers' Party 1,7130.648,6722.91
  German National Party 1,0830.414,5131.52
  League Against Bound Tickets 1,7210.641,7880.60
  Hlinka's Slovak People's Party 9620.36
 United Jewish and Polish Parties4700.16
Total valid votes267,397100297,833100
Source: [18]
NationalityII (%)III (%)
Czechoslovak parties82.3666.58
German parties11.6827.01
Communists5.976.25
Polish-Jewish parties0.000.16
Source: [18]

Mladá Boleslav

Amongst the deputies elected from the Česká Lípa 5th electoral district were Ernst Grünzner (DSAP), Irene Kirpal (DSAP), Josef Schweichhart (DSAP), Josef Kleibl (DNP) and Hans Krebs. [20] [21] [22]

IV. Mlada Boleslav Seats: 17 IV - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
IV. Mladá Boleslav
Seats: 17
V. Ceska Lipa Seats: 13 V - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
V. Česká Lípa
Seats: 13
PartyIV. Mladá BoleslavV. Česká Lípa
Votes%Votes%
  German Social Democratic Workers' Party 22,1224.9490,12625.74
  Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 57,40612.8242,01912.00
  German Electoral Coalition 26,7865.9867,77819.35
  Czechoslovak National Socialist Party 73,55516.4312,0903.45
  German Christian Social People's Party 27,3586.1150,55814.44
  Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants 71,69616.022,6560.76
  German National Socialist Workers' Party 29,4756.5834,0059.71
  Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 46,90710.4810,5033.00
  German National Party 15,5673.4833,0659.44
  Czechoslovak People's Party 27,2696.091,4330.41
  Czechoslovak Traders' Party 25,2805.651,6430.47
  Czechoslovak National Democracy 20,2694.532,8430.81
  League Against Bound Tickets 3,5400.796280.18
 United Jewish and Polish Parties3940.098550.24
Total valid votes447,624100350,202100
Source: [18]
NationalityIV (%)V (%)
German parties27.1078.68
Czechoslovak parties59.999.08
Communists12.8212.00
Polish-Jewish parties0.090.24
Source: [18]

Louny

VI. Louny Seats: 17 VI - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
VI. Louny
Seats: 17
VII. Karlovy Vary Seats: 12 VII - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
VII. Karlovy Vary
Seats: 12
PartyVI. LounyVII. Karlovy Vary
Votes%Votes%
  German Social Democratic Workers' Party 66,08714.12106,49434.37
  Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 74,48715.9137,29812.04
  German Electoral Coalition 31,2976.6949,08515.84
  Czechoslovak National Socialist Party 63,26313.513,9071.26
  German Christian Social People's Party 25,0485.3540,69813.13
  Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 60,82312.992,9740.96
  German National Socialist Workers' Party 32,3586.9125,7728.32
  German National Party 19,4264.1531,76410.25
  Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants 38,5798.241,8820.61
  Czechoslovak National Democracy 23,6655.061,5310.49
  Czechoslovak Traders' Party 18,1283.876640.21
  Czechoslovak People's Party 10,2282.183720.12
 Pangerman Party of Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia6,6722.15
 United Jewish and Polish Parties2,6970.587730.25
  League Against Bound Tickets 2,0540.44
Total valid votes468,140100309,886100
Source: [18]
NationalityVI (%)VII (%)
German parties37.2184.06
Czechoslovak parties46.303.66
Communists15.9112.04
Polish-Jewish parties0.580.25
Source: [18]

Plzeň

VIII. Plzen Seats: 17 VIII - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
VIII. Plzeň
Seats: 17
IX. Ceske Budejovice Seats: 13 IX - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
IX. České Budějovice
Seats: 13
PartyVIII. PlzeňIX. České Budějovice
Votes%Votes%
  Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 115,32028.1537,08612.87
  Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants 55,97513.6663,33421.98
  Czechoslovak National Socialist Party 42,95610.4934,05911.82
  German Electoral Coalition 43,26010.5622,6487.86
  German Social Democratic Workers' Party 41,98610.2520,5847.14
  German Christian Social People's Party 23,3415.7023,6888.22
  Czechoslovak People's Party 17,4044.2529,23810.15
  Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 17,9024.3717,6906.14
  Czechoslovak National Democracy 20,4835.0013,4784.68
  Czechoslovak Traders' Party 15,7533.8514,9415.19
  German National Party 11,1892.736,1022.12
  League Against Bound Tickets 2,4720.602,4420.85
  German National Socialist Workers' Party 2,8010.97
 United Jewish and Polish Parties1,6460.40
Total valid votes409,687100288,091100
Source: [18]
NationalityVI (%)VII (%)
Czechoslovak parties65.9967.54
German parties29.2426.32
Communists4.376.14
Polish-Jewish parties0.400.00
Source: [18]

Brno

Amongst the deputies elected from the Jihlava 10th electoral district were Johann Wagner (German Electoral Coalition), Erwin Zajicek (German Christian Social People's Party) and Viktor Stern (Communist Party). [23]

X. Jihlava Seats: 9 X - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
X. Jihlava
Seats: 9
XI. Brno Seats: 17 XI - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
XI. Brno
Seats: 17
XIII. Uherske Hradiste Seats: 8 XIII - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
XIII. Uherské Hradiště
Seats: 8
PartyX. JihlavaXI. BrnoXIII. Uherské Hradiště
Votes%Votes%Votes%
  Czechoslovak People's Party 42,32418.2883,01619.1968,24134.02
  Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants 44,40119.1756,47413.0535,43717.67
  Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 25,78711.1456,59713.0827,19013.55
  Czechoslovak National Socialist Party 18,1297.8370,00016.1818,5049.22
  Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 16,0106.9142,5559.8422,74211.34
  German Christian Social People's Party 25,07810.8319,3294.474620.23
  Czechoslovak Traders' Party 11,0274.7619,5534.5211,9505.96
  German Electoral Coalition 19,2328.3118,3284.249910.49
  German Social Democratic Workers' Party 9,9114.2824,8405.748230.41
  German National Party 11,1774.8310,3682.40
  Czechoslovak National Democracy 3,1371.3510,7342.486,2933.14
  Hlinka's Slovak People's Party 7,0801.644,6552.32
  German National Socialist Workers' Party 3,7741.637,7481.79
 United Jewish and Polish Parties1,5700.683,3590.782,2591.13
  League Against Bound Tickets 2,6720.621,0490.52
Total valid votes231,557100432,653100200,596100
Source: [18]
NationalityX (%)XI (%)XIII (%)
Czechoslovak parties62.5470.7686.40
German parties29.8718.631.13
Communists6.919.8411.34
Polish-Jewish parties0.680.781.13
Source: [18]

Moravská Ostrava

XII. Olomouc Seats: 17 XII - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
XII. Olomouc
Seats: 17
XIV. Moravska Ostrava Seats: 19 XIV - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
XIV. Moravská Ostrava
Seats: 19
PartyXII. OlomoucXIV. Moravská Ostrava
Votes%Votes%
  Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 64,31414.5595,78618.56
  Czechoslovak People's Party 68,36115.4759,99411.62
  Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants 53,08812.0135,1226.80
  German Christian Social People's Party 45,60810.3235,6446.91
  Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 28,6116.4752,21810.12
  German Social Democratic Workers' Party 42,3199.5836,9847.17
  Czechoslovak National Socialist Party 28,6876.4942,2758.19
  German National Socialist Workers Party 22,8835.1833,3216.46
  German Electoral Coalition 32,7447.4119,2653.73
  German National Party 15,5453.5227,8425.39
  Czechoslovak National Democracy 12,7702.8923,2644.51
  Czechoslovak Traders' Party 20,1704.5614,8392.87
 United Jewish and Polish Parties2,5120.5730,7105.95
  Hlinka's Slovak People's Party 2,0320.466,6391.29
  League Against Bound Tickets 2,2340.512,2480.44
Total valid votes441,878100516,151100
Source: [18]
NationalityXII (%)XIV (%)
Czechoslovak parties56.9554.28
German parties36.0129.65
Communists6.4710.12
Polish-Jewish parties0.575.95
Source: [18]

Turčiansky Svätý Martin

XV. Trnava Seats: 9 XV - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
XV. Trnava
Seats: 9
XVII. Turciansky Svaty Martin Seats: 11 XVII - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
XVII. Turčiansky Svätý Martin
Seats: 11
PartyXV. TrnavaXVII. Turčiansky Svätý Martin
Votes%Votes%
  Hlinka's Slovak People's Party 82,26737.93114,88348.89
  Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants 45,29120.8836,35215.47
  Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 26,28112.1223,2499.89
  Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 24,47111.2814,5206.18
  Czechoslovak People's Party 4,0811.8820,0288.52
  Czechoslovak National Socialist Party 6,9673.215,0502.15
  Czechoslovak Traders' Party 7,0323.243,9191.67
 United Jewish and Polish Parties5,1982.405,2012.21
  Czechoslovak National Democracy 4,4572.055,3862.29
  Provincial Christian-Socialist Party 5,9572.753,7791.61
  German Electoral Coalition 2,1560.992,1960.93
  Juriga's Slovak People's Party 2,7521.27
  League Against Bound Tickets 3990.17
Total valid votes216,910100234,962100
Source: [18]
NationalityXV (%)XVII (%)
Czechoslovak parties82.5889.06
Communists11.286.18
Polish-Jewish parties2.402.21
Magyar-German parties2.751.61
German parties0.990.93
Source: [18]

Liptovský Svätý Mikuláš

XVIII. Banska Bystrica Seats: 7 XVIII - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
XVIII. Báňská Bystrica
Seats: 7
XIX. Liptovsky Svaty Mikulas Seats: 6 XIX - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
XIX. Liptovský Svätý Mikuláš
Seats: 6
PartyXVIII. Báňská BystricaXIX. Liptovský Svätý Mikuláš
Votes%Votes%
  Hlinka's Slovak People's Party 62,14339.0539,88834.20
  Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants 31,83020.0031,73027.20
  Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 22,43814.1013,35211.45
  Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 12,0887.609,1667.86
  Czechoslovak National Democracy 7,5974.779,9768.55
  Provincial Christian-Socialist Party 8,9685.634,2913.68
  Czechoslovak National Socialist Party 4,6882.953,0152.58
  Czechoslovak Traders' Party 2,5871.631,6681.43
 United Jewish and Polish Parties1,7731.111,4351.23
  German Electoral Coalition 2,7321.724070.35
  Czechoslovak People's Party 1,6141.011,4961.28
  Juriga's Slovak People's Party 6910.43
  League Against Bound Tickets 2200.19
Total valid votes159,149100116,644100
Source: [18]
NationalityXV (%)XVII (%)
Czechoslovak parties83.9486.88
Communists7.607.86
Magyar-German parties5.633.68
Polish-Jewish parties1.111.23
German parties1.720.35
Source: [18]

Prešov

XXI. Presov Seats: 5 XXI - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
XXI. Prešov
Seats: 5
PartyXXI. Prešov
Votes%
  Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants 70,22436.56
  Hlinka's Slovak People's Party 55,65128.98
  Czechoslovak National Democracy 17,4159.07
  Provincial Christian-Socialist Party 13,4617.01
  Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 8,7774.57
 United Jewish and Polish Parties7,6013.96
  Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 6,3013.28
  Czechoslovak People's Party 5,6632.95
  Czechoslovak National Socialist Party 4,6412.42
  Czechoslovak Traders' Party 2,3221.21
Total valid votes192,056100
Source: [18]
NationalityXXI (%)
Czechoslovak parties84.46
Magyar-German parties7.01
Communists4.57
Polish-Jewish parties3.96
Source: [18]

Nové Zámky

The Nové Zámky senatorial district consisted of the Nové Zámky 16th electoral district and the Kosice 20th electoral district, two districts that together hosted around 96% of the Hungarian and 56% of the German population of Slovakia. [24] [25] [26] The percentage achieved by the Communist Party in the Nové Zámky 16th electoral district was the highest in the country in the 1929 vote. [24] [18]

Hlinka's Slovak People's Party fielded Vojtech Tuka in the Košice 20th electoral district, but he failed to win a seat. [27] Fielding Tuka in a district where the party lacked strong support displayed the ambiguity the party had towards him during his treason trials. [27]

XVI. Nove Zamky Seats: 11 XVI - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
XVI. Nové Zámky
Seats: 11
XX. Kosice Seats: 7 XX - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
XX. Košice
Seats: 7
PartyXVI. Nové ZámkyXX. Košice
Votes%Votes%
  Provincial Christian-Socialist Party 119,98737.6470,47437.19
  Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 53,70216.8429,51815.58
  Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants 33,68710.5729,86515.76
  Hlinka's Slovak People's Party 29,4759.2519,37610.22
  Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 31,0939.7512,7926.75
  Czechoslovak National Socialist Party 12,1403.817,4673.94
  Czechoslovak Traders' Party 8,5692.694,0372.13
 United Jewish and Polish Parties7,4802.354,9912.63
  Czechoslovak National Democracy 4,0021.264,9122.59
 Provincial Party of Smallholders,
Entrepreneurs and Workers of Czechoslovakia		5,7331.801,1680.62
  German Electoral Coalition 4,2681.341,9451.03
  German Social Democratic Workers' Party 3,8131.201,0110.53
  Czechoslovak People's Party 2,0650.651,6010.84
  Juriga's Slovak People's Party 1,9520.61
  League Against Bound Tickets 8430.263480.18
Total valid votes318,809100189,505100
Source: [18]
NationalityXVI (%)XX (%)
Czechoslovak parties38.8442.43
Magyar-German parties37.6437.19
Communists16.8415.58
Polish-Jewish parties2.352.63
German parties2.531.56
Magyar parties1.800.62
Source: [18]

Užhorod

A bloc aligned with the Agrarians merged as the most voted list in the Užhorod electoral district, the sole electoral district in Subcarpathian Rus'. [18] The bloc formed by the National Democrats, which includes the Autonomous Agrarian Union, the Russian National Union and the Carpatho-Russian Labour Party of Small Peasants and Landless, finished in second place. [18] [28]

The Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party stood on a joint list with the Social Democratic Workers' Party in Subcarpathian Rus' in the constituency. The sole mandate won by this list went to Julius Husnaj of the Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party. [29] [30]

The Czechoslovak People's Party contested under the name 'Christian People's Party' in the Užhorod electoral district. [18]

XXII. Uzhorod Seats: 9 XXII - Electoral District 1925, 1929, 1935 (Chamber of Deputies, Czechoslovakia).png
XXII. Užhorod
Seats: 9
PartyXXII. Užhorod
Votes%
  Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants 77,41929.07
  Czechoslovak National Democracy 48,60918.25
  Communist Party of Czechoslovakia 40,58215.24
  Provincial Christian-Socialist Party 30,45511.44
  Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party 22,9248.61
 United Jewish and Polish Parties16,7686.30
  Czechoslovak National Socialist Party 10,0253.76
  Christian People's Party 8,9793.37
  Czechoslovak Traders' Party 7,3482.76
  German Electoral Coalition 3,2181.21
Total valid votes266,327100
Source: [18]
NationalityXXII (%)
Czechoslovak parties65.82
Communists15.24
Magyar-German parties11.44
Polish-Jewish parties6.30
German parties1.21
Source: [18]

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References

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  2. ↑ Nohlen & Stöver, p472
  3. 1 2 3 Czechoslovakia. University of California Press. 1949. pp. 158–160. GGKEY:F5RXS62F3UG.
  4. ↑ J. W. Bruegel (21 June 1973). Czechslovkia Before Munich: The German Minority Problem and British Appeasement Policy. CUP Archive. p. 80. ISBN   978-0-521-08687-5.
  5. ↑ Josef Korbel (8 December 2015). The Communist Subversion of Czechoslovakia, 1938-1948: The Failure of Co-existence. Princeton University Press. p. 13. ISBN   978-1-4008-7963-2.
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  8. 1 2 Tatjana Lichtenstein (18 April 2016). Zionists in Interwar Czechoslovakia: Minority Nationalism and the Politics of Belonging. Indiana University Press. p. 276. ISBN   978-0-253-01872-4.
  9. 1 2 Nancy Meriwether Wingfield (2007). Flag Wars and Stone Saints: How the Bohemian Lands Became Czech. Harvard University Press. p. 207. ISBN   978-0-674-02582-0.
  10. 1 2 Richard Crampton; Benjamin Crampton (11 June 2016). Atlas of Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century. Routledge. p. 59. ISBN   978-1-317-79952-8.
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  12. 1 2 Hugh Agnew (1 September 2013). The Czechs and the Lands of the Bohemian Crown. Hoover Press. p. 188. ISBN   978-0-8179-4493-3.
  13. 1 2 3 4 James Ramon Felak (15 June 1995). At the Price of the Republic: Hlinka’s Slovak People’s Party, 1929–1938. University of Pittsburgh Pre. pp. 61–62. ISBN   978-0-8229-7694-3.
  14. 1 2 James Ramon Felak (15 June 1995). At the Price of the Republic: Hlinka’s Slovak People’s Party, 1929–1938. University of Pittsburgh Pre. p. 94. ISBN   978-0-8229-7694-3.
  15. ↑ Stanislav J. Kirschbaum (10 May 2010). The A to Z of Slovakia. Scarecrow Press. p. 94. ISBN   978-1-4616-7215-9.
  16. ↑ Stanislav J. Kirschbaum (10 May 2010). The A to Z of Slovakia. Scarecrow Press. p. 78. ISBN   978-1-4616-7215-9.
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  19. ↑ Poslanecké sněmovny. ADÁMEK Josef
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  21. ↑ Jan N. Berwid-Buquoy (2005). Integration und Separation der Sudetendeutschen in der ČSR (1918–1920): Theorien der Nationalismen. Herbia. p. 198.
  22. ↑ Joachim Lilla; Martin Döring; Andreas Schulz (2004). Statisten in Uniform: die Mitglieder des Reichstags 1933-1945 : ein biographisches Handbuch : unter Einbeziehung der völkischen und nationalsozialistischen Reichstagsabgeordneten ab Mai 1924. Droste. p. 340. ISBN   978-3-7700-5254-7.
  23. ↑ Mads Ole Balling (1991). Von Reval bis Bukarest: Einleitung, Systematik, Quellen und Methoden, Estland, Lettland, Litauen, Polen, Tschechoslowakei. Dokumentation Verlag. pp. 394–398. ISBN   978-87-983829-3-5.
  24. 1 2 Egbert K. Jahn (1971). Die Deutschen in der Slowakei in den Jahren 1918-1929: Beitrag zur Nationalitätenproblematik. Oldenbourg. pp. 124, 130. ISBN   978-3-486-43321-0.
  25. ↑ Zborník Ústavu marxizmu-leninizmu a Filozofickej fakulty Univerzity Komenského: Historica. 32–33. Slovenské pedagogické nakladatels̕tvo. 1981. p. 113.
  26. ↑ Mads Ole Balling (1991). Von Reval bis Bukarest: Einleitung, Systematik, Quellen und Methoden, Estland, Lettland, Litauen, Polen, Tschechoslowakei. Dokumentation Verlag. p. 247. ISBN   978-87-983829-3-5.
  27. 1 2 Carol Skalnik Leff (14 July 2014). National Conflict in Czechoslovakia: The Making and Remaking of a State, 1918-1987. Princeton University Press. p. 83. ISBN   978-1-4008-5921-4.
  28. ↑ Collegium Carolinum (Munich, Germany), and Karl Bosl. Die erste Tschechoslowakische Republik als multinationaler Parteienstaat: Vorträge d. Tagungen d. Collegium Carolinum in Bad Wiessee vom 24.-27. November 1977 u. vom 20.-23. April 1978 . München: Oldenbourg, 1979. p. 233
  29. ↑ Kowalski, Werner. Geschichte der sozialistischen arbeiter-internationale: 1923 – 1940 . Berlin: Dt. Verl. d. Wissenschaften, 1985. p. 330
  30. ↑ Magocsi, Paul R., and I. I. Pop. Encyclopedia of Rusyn History and Culture . Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2002. p. 468
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