| Dipterocarpus mundus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malvales |
| Family: | Dipterocarpaceae |
| Genus: | Dipterocarpus |
| Species: | D. mundus |
| Binomial name | |
| Dipterocarpus mundus | |
Dipterocarpus mundus is a species of tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae, endemic to Borneo. The species is found in lowland mixed dipterocarp forests. [1]
Dipterocarpaceae is a family of 16 genera and about 695 known species of mainly tropical lowland rainforest trees. The family name, from the type genus Dipterocarpus, is derived from Greek and refers to the two-winged fruit. The largest genera are Shorea, Hopea, Dipterocarpus, and Vatica. Many are large forest-emergent species, typically reaching heights of 40–70 m, some even over 80 m, with the tallest known living specimen 93.0 m tall. The species of this family are of major importance in the timber trade. Their distribution is pantropical, from northern South America to Africa, the Seychelles, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Malaysia and Philippines. The greatest diversity of Dipterocarpaceae occurs in Borneo. Some species are now endangered as a result of overcutting, extensive illegal logging, and habitat conversion. They provide valuable woods, aromatic essential oils, balsam, and resins, and are a source for plywood.
Dipterocarpus retusus, commonly known as hollong, is a large tree and perhaps the best known species in the genus Dipterocarpus. It is native to China, Vietnam, Philippines, Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Myanmar, and India. The tree, some 20–30 metres (70–100 ft) tall, is found in Cambodia in dense forests of the plains, common on hillsides and along rivers and in forests between 800 m (2,600 ft) and 1,500 m (5,000 ft) altitude.
Dipterocarpus is a genus of flowering plants and the type genus of family Dipterocarpaceae.
Dipterocarpus glabrigemmatus is a species of tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The tree is endemic to Borneo.
Dipterocarpus verrucosus is a species of tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is native to Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia and Thailand. The species locally common on ridges in mixed dipterocarp forest. Its keruing timber is exploited by logging, particularly in Borneo.
Danum Valley Conservation Area is a 438 square kilometres tract of relatively undisturbed lowland dipterocarp forest in Sabah, Malaysia. It has an extensive diversity of tropical flora and fauna, including such species as the rare Bornean orangutans, gibbons, mousedeer, clouded leopards and over 270 bird species. Activities offered are jungle treks, river swimming, bird watching, night jungle tours and excursions to nearby logging sites and timber mills.
Dipterocarpus grandiflorus is a species of flowering plant in the Dipterocarpaceae family. It is an endangered medium hardwood tree in South-East Asia and India. Its wood is used to produce good quality charcoal, paper pulp, and timber sold under the Keruing designation. Its gum is used locally as a waterproofing varnish. The tree itself is very useful for nitrogen fixing, erosion control, soil improvement, and watershed regulation.
The black-bibbed monarch is a species of bird in the family Monarchidae that is endemic to Indonesia. It is found in the Tanimbar Islands. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical mangrove forests.
Namtok Chat Trakan National Park is a national park located in Chat Trakan and Nakhon Thai Districts of Phitsanulok Province of Thailand, established in 1987. It encompasses Lam Kwae Noi, Daeng and Chat Trakan forests a substantial portion of Chat Trakan District.
Dipterocarpus lamellatus is a tropical rainforest tree endemic to Borneo. It is known from the Beaufort Hills, the Siangau Forest Reserve and Labuan in SW Sabah and Ladan Hills in the Tutong district of Brunei. It is one of the rarest and most endangered of all dipterocarps, with a population size of only twelve individuals, threatened mostly by habitat loss.
Dipterocarpus confertus is a species of plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The species is named derived from Latin and probably refers to the indumentum. It is an emergent tree, up to 50 m (160 ft) tall. It is widespread in mixed dipterocarp forest on leached yellow clay soils up to 800 meters elevation. It is endemic to Borneo. The species is threatened by deforestation. It is a medium hardwood sold under the trade names of Keruing. It is found in at least one protected area.
Dipterocarpus cuspidatus is a tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae.
Dipterocarpus pachyphyllus is a tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The specific epithet pachyphyllus means "thick leaves".
Dipterocarpus bourdillonii is a species of large tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae endemic to the Western Ghats principally in the state of Kerala in India. It is a Critically Endangered species according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is a characteristic tree of the low-elevation tropical wet evergreen rainforests in the Western Ghats.
Ulu Telupid Forest Reserve is a protected forest reserve in Tongod District of Sandakan Division, Sabah, Malaysia. First established in 1972, it was designated as a Class 1 Protection Forest by the Sabah Forestry Department in 1984. Its area is 6,460 hectares (64.6 km2), down from its former size of 7,508 hectares (75.08 km2). Prior to being established as a forest reserve, the area was used for logging and palm oil plantations. The reserve is mostly mountainous, consisting mainly of mixed dipterocarp forest. The land surrounding the reserve includes a town, oil palm plantations, rubber plantations, and rice paddies. It is threatened by fires and illegal logging. In some areas agricultural activities have encroached into the protected area. Since 2000 there has been a net loss of just under 2% of the reserve's forested area. There is a small level of ecotourism activity in the reserve, consisting of guided tours from a nearby village, which provides livelihood alternatives to logging and poaching.
Bukit Taviu Forest Reserve is a protected forest reserve in Ranau District of West Coast Division, Sabah, Malaysia. It was designated as a Class 1 Protection Forest by the Sabah Forestry Department in 1992. Its area is 8,630 hectares (86.3 km2). The reserve is hilly and lacks rivers. The forest is mixed dipterocarp.
Bukit Kuamas Forest Reserve is a protected forest reserve in Telupid District of Sandakan Division, Sabah, Malaysia. It was designated as a Class 1 Protection Forest by the Sabah Forestry Department in 1992. Its area is 7,324 hectares (73.24 km2). The reserve is hilly and surrounded by palm oil plantations. The forest is mixed dipterocarp. Threats to the reserve forests include logging, fires and erosion.
Mandamai Forest Reserve is a protected forest reserve in Pitas District of Kudat Division in Sabah, Malaysia. It was designated as a Class 1 Protection Forest by the Sabah Forestry Department in 1984. Its area is 5,330 hectares (53.3 km2). The reserve is hilly, with the highest point being Mount Mabauk at 836 metres (2,743 ft). Two forest types make up the reserve: dipterocarp and kerangas. The main threat to the reserve forests is from fires.
Lipaso Forest Reserve is a protected forest reserve in Telupid District of Sandakan Division, Sabah, Malaysia. It was designated as a Class 1 Protection Forest by the Sabah Forestry Department in 1984. Its area is 3,606 hectares (36.06 km2). The reserve is mountainous with some palm oil plantations and farms in the surroundings. The forest is mostly mixed dipterocarp. Threats to the reserve forests include fires and encroachment for agriculture.
Botitian Forest Reserve is a protected forest reserve in Beluran District of Sandakan Division, Sabah, Malaysia. It was designated as a Class 1 Protection Forest by the Sabah Forestry Department in 1992. Its area is 2,145 hectares (21.45 km2). Botitian's terrain is mountainous in the reserve's centre, to low hills and flat land in the western and eastern sections. The forest is mainly secondary with pioneer species. Canopy trees are mainly dipterocarp.
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