Doak S. Campbell | |
---|---|
3rd President of Florida State College for Women 1st President of Florida State University | |
In office 1941–1957 | |
Preceded by | Edward Conradi |
Succeeded by | Albert B. Martin |
Personal details | |
Born | Scott County,Arkansas,United States | November 16,1888
Died | March 23,1973 84) Tallahassee,Florida,United States | (aged
Spouse(s) | Helen Gray Smith (1st),Edna Simmons (2nd) |
Children | Doak S. Campbell,Jr.,and Elizabeth Caroline Campbell |
Alma mater | Ouachita Baptist College and George Peabody College for Teachers |
Profession | Professor |
Doak Sheridan Campbell (born 1888,died 1973) was from 1941 to 1957 president of Florida State College for Women and its successor coeducational school,Florida State University. He oversaw the creation of this new university. [1] His opposition to the admission of African-American students has caused controversy about the naming of Doak S. Campbell Stadium in his honor.
Campbell was born near Waldron,in Scott County,Arkansas,on November 16,1888,the first of six children born to Edward and Elizabeth Campbell. [2] He was named after his uncle,Samuel Doak. [2]
Upon graduating from high school,he became a licensed teacher,but left after one year to attend Ouachita Baptist College in Arkadelphia,Arkansas. He was an intercollegiate debater,orator,and distance runner. He was president of his graduating class and obtained a Bachelor of Arts in music and speech in 1911. [2]
Doak Campbell was married to Helen Gray Smith from May 28,1913,until her death in 1938.[ citation needed ] They had two children:Doak S. Campbell,Jr.,(b. February 28,1915;d. October 1,2003) [3] and Elizabeth Caroline Campbell (b. November 12,1920;d. December 3,2008). [4]
Doak Campbell was married to Edna Simmons (1897–1978) from 1941 until his death in 1973. [5]
Doak S. Campbell was Superintendent of the Columbus,Arkansas,State High School. [6] In 1916,he began teaching chemistry at Central College for Women,a Baptist school in Conway,Arkansas. In 1920,he became president of the school. While serving in this role,Central College transformed from a four-year college to a two-year junior college (defunct since 1947).[ citation needed ]
Later in the 1920s,Campbell began attending George Peabody College for Teachers at Vanderbilt University,receiving a master's degree in 1928 and a Ph.D. in 1930,at which time he was hired onto the school's faculty. He became dean of the graduate school at Peabody in 1938,and remained in that position until accepting the presidency of Florida State College for Women in September 1941. [2] While at Peabody,Campbell was also a member of the Tennessee State Board of Education and the Board's Middle Tennessee Committee,and came under criticism for his handling of an academic freedom and tenure case in which a tenured teacher had been fired without stated cause. [7]
A great boom in enrollment,driven by World War II veterans and the G.I. Bill,forced Florida to create new facilities for them. As a result,the Legislature changed Florida State College for Women to Florida State University effective May 15,1947. [2] The change from a women's college to a coeducational university in 1947 brought an expansion in staff,enrollment,and plant.
Campbell served as president of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. [6] He also served as President of the Florida Baptist Convention,and was called an "outstanding Baptist layman". [8] He was a sometime Sunday school teacher,and a frequent speaker before groups of religious leaders, [9] such as the West Florida Baptist Pastors Conference. [8]
During Campbell's presidency,Florida came under increasing pressure to integrate its university system after the unanimous Brown v. Board of Education decision of 1954. At that time,only white students were admitted to Florida State or the University of Florida. Campbell has been described as strongly opposed to the admission of African-American students to Florida State. [10] [11] [12] In 2020,Campbell's grandson defended him,arguing that "He was not promoting segregation. He was concerned about protecting the tranquility of the school." [12] According to James Schnur,"Campbell exacted deference from the campus community,suppressed the liberal editorial policy of the semi-weekly Florida Flambeau newspaper,and refused to tolerate any breach of racial segregation. He forced the campus chapter of the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) to cancel a regional conference at FSU when he learned that black faculty members from the neighboring Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University (FAMU) planned to attend." [13] [14]
At the time,Tallahassee was racially uneasy because,following the successful Montgomery bus boycott of 1956 and the Supreme Court case Browder v. Gayle ,local activists,including some students,boycotted Tallahassee buses seeking to integrate them as well. The Florida Board of Control,which ran the state's universities,warned students not to get involved in "the Tallahassee integration dispute". [15] In an episode that was reported on nationally,Campbell had no hesitation in expelling a graduate student,John Boardman,who spoke "urging support of a Negro candidate for the Tallahassee City Commission against the white incumbent",and who invited three African students (not African-American) to an FSU party. [16] [17] Campbell required the student newspaper,the Florida Flambeau,to devote less space to integration. [18] [19] He went on record denying that he had said that there would eventually be Negro students at FSU. [20] [21] He expressed regret that Tallahassee Negroes seeking to end segregation were not meeting in juke joints,because it would have been easy to ban FSU students from them. But they met in churches,leaving Campbell "in a quandary over how to ban student support of integration". [10]
Campbell retired from his position on June 30,1957, [2] [22] [23] [24] but remained in Tallahassee as president emeritus of Florida State until his death on March 23,1973.
Campbell supported a sports program at Florida State,and encouraged the construction of a football stadium. The stadium was completed in 1950,and named Doak S. Campbell Stadium in his honor. [25] [26]
In June 2020 there was a student petition to remove his name from the stadium because of his opposition to admitting black students,and to rename it for former coach Bobby Bowden. [11] [12] FSU President John Thrasher asked Athletics Director David Coburn "to immediately review this issue and make recommendations to me." [26] As of February 2023 there has been no response.
Campbell donated all his papers,correspondence,etc. to Special Collections,Strozier Library (Florida State's main library),where they may be consulted. [2]
Florida State University is a public research university in Tallahassee,Florida,United States. It is a senior member of the State University System of Florida. Chartered in 1851,it is located on Florida's oldest continuous site of higher education.
The Florida State Seminoles are the athletic teams representing Florida State University located in Tallahassee,Florida. They compete as a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I level,primarily competing in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) for all sports since the 1991–92 season;within the Atlantic Division in any sports split into a divisional format since the 2005–06 season.
Doak S. Campbell Stadium,popularly known as "Doak",is a football stadium on the campus of Florida State University in Tallahassee,Florida,United States. It is the home field of the Florida State Seminoles football team of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC).
The Florida State University Marching Chiefs is the official marching band of Florida State University. The band has served in this capacity since the 1940s and continues to perform at all home football games as well as several away games each year;they have also performed at baseball and softball games. There are over 400 members,or Chiefs,as members are sometimes known,in the band who hail from almost every academic department within the university.
The 2006 Florida State Seminoles football team represented Florida State University during the 2006 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team was coached by Bobby Bowden and played their home games at Doak Campbell Stadium in Tallahassee,Florida. They were members of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) and the Atlantic Division.
The Florida State Seminoles football team represents Florida State University in the sport of American football. The Seminoles compete in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). The team is currently coached by Mike Norvell,and plays home games at Doak Campbell Stadium,the 15th largest stadium in college football,located on-campus in Tallahassee,Florida. The Seminoles previously competed as part of the ACC Atlantic Division.
The Florida–Florida State football rivalry is an American college football rivalry between the teams of the two oldest public universities of the U.S. state of Florida:the University of Florida (UF) Gators and Florida State University (FSU) Seminoles. Both universities participate in a range of intercollegiate sports,and for the last several years,the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services has sponsored a "Sunshine Showdown" promotion that tallies the total number of wins for each school in head-to-head sports competition. However,the annual football game between the Gators and Seminoles has consistently been the most intense and notable competition between the in-state rivals.
Robert Goin was an American football and baseball coach and college athletics administrator. He was the head football coach at Bethany College in Bethany,West Virginia from 1963 to 1972,compiling a record of 45–32–2. He was also the college's head baseball coach and athletics director. Goin was the athletics director at California University of Pennsylvania from 1979 to 1981,Florida State University from 1990 to 1994 and the University of Cincinnati from 1997 to 2005
Mina Jo Powell Alumni Green comprises a half-acre on the campus of Florida State University. The site encompasses a rich history,which includes the green as the original site for Florida A&M University,also located in Tallahassee,Florida. Mina Jo Powell graduated from Florida State University. FSU President Bernard Sliger dedicated the green in her name November 10,1990. Until 1951,the Alumni Green,as it had been called for nearly a half-century,was the sole site for commencement ceremonies when FSU was called the Florida State College for Women. In 1946,the college's name changed to Florida State University and admission included men. After World War II,and with the influx of nearly ten times the number of students before the War,ceremonies shifted to the newly constructed Doak Campbell Stadium in 1951.
The history of Florida State University dates to the 19th century and is deeply intertwined with the history of education in the state of Florida and in the city of Tallahassee. Florida State University,known colloquially as Florida State and FSU,is one of the oldest and largest of the institutions in the State University System of Florida. It traces its origins to the West Florida Seminary,one of two state-funded seminaries the Florida Legislature voted to establish in 1851.
The 1993 Florida State Seminoles football team represented Florida State University and were the national champions of the 1993 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team was coached by Bobby Bowden and played their home games at Doak Campbell Stadium.
The 1998 Florida State Seminoles football team represented Florida State University in the 1998 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team was coached by Bobby Bowden and played their home games at Doak Campbell Stadium.
Robert Manning Strozier was president of Florida State University between 1957 and 1960. The main library on the Tallahassee campus of Florida State University bears his name.
The 1964 Florida State Seminoles football team was an American football team that represented Florida State University as an independent during the 1964 NCAA University Division football season. In their fifth season under head coach Bill Peterson,the Seminoles compiled a 9–1–1 record,were ranked No. 11 in the final UPI Coaches Poll,defeated Oklahoma in the Gator Bowl,and outscored opponents by a total of 263 to 85.
The 1976 Florida State Seminoles football team represented Florida State University as an independent during the 1976 NCAA Division I football season. Led by first-year head coach Bobby Bowden,the Seminoles compiled a record of 5–6. Florida State played home games at Doak Campbell Stadium in Tallahassee,Florida.
The 1995 Florida State Seminoles football team represented the Florida State University as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) during the 1995 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by 20th-year head coach Bobby Bowden,the Seminoles compiled an overall record of 10–2,with a mark of 7–1 in conference play,and finished as ACC co-champion. They played their home games at Doak Campbell Stadium in Tallahassee,Florida.
The 1990 Florida State Seminoles football team represented Florida State University in the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team was coached by Bobby Bowden and played their home games at Doak Campbell Stadium.
The 1989 Florida State Seminoles football team represented Florida State University in the 1989 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team was coached by Bobby Bowden and played their home games at Doak Campbell Stadium.
The 1986 Florida State Seminoles football team represented Florida State University in the 1986 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team was coached by Bobby Bowden and played their home games at Doak Campbell Stadium.
The 1984 Florida State Seminoles football team represented Florida State University in the 1984 NCAA Division I-A football season. The team was coached by Bobby Bowden and played their home games at Doak Campbell Stadium.
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