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David "Doc" Rowe (born 8 December 1944) is a folklorist, author and film-maker who lives and works in the United Kingdom. A graduate of Hornsey College of Arts, he is a prominent lecturer on and advocate for folk traditions and folk music. [1]
Described by The Guardian as "Britain’s greatest folklorist", [2] over a 50-year career Rowe has built a substantial collection of photographs and audio-visual material, cited by the British Library as an "internationally significant archive of British folk life, lore and cultural tradition". [3]
David R. Rowe was born in Torquay, Devon in December 1944. He attended Torquay Boys Grammar School, followed by Newton Abbot College of Art, Leeds Regional College of Art and Hornsey College of Art where he gained a first degree in fine art, and finished a post-graduate year at the University of London in 1971. [4]
Since the 1960s, Rowe has focused on collecting and celebrating folklore, oral history and the vernacular music and traditions of Britain and Ireland. In 2002, Rowe was awarded an honorary doctorate in music from the University of Sheffield, [5] and in 2005 received the English Folk Dance and Song Society's Gold Badge for his documentation of traditional song and dance. [6]
Rowe has been a committee member of the Oral History Society; [7] the Traditional Song Forum; [8] and the Folklore Society, [9] which in 2007 presented Rowe with its Coote Lake Medal for his research into folklore. [10]
Rowe developed an early interest in traditional song, stemming largely from 1950s BBC radio broadcasts. Performing on the folk club circuit as a singer from 1963, he met BBC producer Charles Parker, who – with Ewan MacColl and Peggy Seeger – was working on the BBC Radio Ballads (1957–64); Rowe has since cited Parker and the "Ballads" as amongst his strongest abiding influences. [11]
Rowe went on to work with Parker, MacColl and Seeger on a variety of folk-song and drama related projects including Philip Donnellan's TV versions of the Radio Ballads (1972) and Passage West (1975), as well as being a joint editorial advisor on The Other Music (BBC2, 1981). [12]
An equally formative experience for Rowe was a 1963 visit to the May Day 'Obby 'Oss festival in the Cornish town of Padstow; he has returned every year since to continuously document the tradition. It also triggered a wider focus on seasonal events and popular cultural traditions. [13] Over the subsequent decades, Rowe has attended and recorded a wide range of Britain's annual calendar customs. [14]
Rowe served as a consultant and writer on Channel 4's short 1984 documentary series, Future of Things Past. [15] The programmes explored the community purpose of 18 different British calendar customs.
Since the early 1990s, Rowe has focused on his own archive which is currently housed in Whitby, North Yorkshire. Alongside this, Rowe regularly lectures on folklore, customs and traditions nationally and internationally, and also continues to collaborate on new projects across broadcasting, photography and the arts. [16]
In 2006, Rowe was the focus of a BBC Radio 4 Archive Hour, Same Time, Same Place, Next Year, written and presented by the then-Library Director of the English Folk Dance and Song Society, Malcolm Taylor. [17]
Since the 1960s, Rowe has amassed a substantial private collection of his own photographs, film and audio recordings of British folk customs and folk music, housed independently in Whitby since 2010. The collection is recognised as being of international significance, and at present stands at over 400,000 photos and transparencies, over 3,000 hours of moving image in various formats, over 12,000 hours of audio recordings, plus a large volume of papers, books, press cuttings and other ephemera. [11] [3]
As of 2021, the work of housing and preserving the archive has been largely self-funded by Rowe, supported by sales of photographic work, lecturing and broadcasting. [15] The collection has additionally been financially supported by a Support Group established in the early 2000s by friends and colleagues. [18] [19] [20]
Rowe's own recordings have been substantially used for multiple releases, including the British Film Institute’s ‘Here’s a Health to the Barley Mow’ DVD compilation of British folk customs (2011); [21] and ‘You Lazy Lot of Bone-Shakers’ (2007), a CD anthology of song and dance tunes from seasonal events in England, released as part of Topic Records’ The Voice of the People series. [22]
Rowe's recordings also include two releases of Padstow Christmas carols – Rouse Rouse (Veteran Tapes, 1996); [23] and Harky Harky (ReZound, 2000). [24]
Rowe also provided the recordings for two releases by the Scottish singer and story-teller Sheila Stewart, daughter of Belle Stewart, of the noted family of singing travellers, the Stewarts of Blair – The Heart of the Tradition (Topic Records, 1999), [25] and also ...And Time Goes On: Sheila Stewart, Storyteller (Offspring, 2000). [26]
Rowe is a frequent collaborator with artists and curators in the shaping of exhibitions that draw from his archive.
In 2000, his photographs were included by prominent British contemporary artists Jeremy Deller and Alan Kane in Intelligence – New British Art 2000 (Tate Britain, London). [27] Building upon this, in 2005 he worked again with Deller and Kane, on their British Council-supported Folk Archive project [28] [29] – which as of 2020 continues to tour the UK, and internationally. [30]
In 2012, the Museum of British Folklore, in partnership with the Museum of East Anglian Life in Stowmarket, Suffolk, staged an exhibition, The Doc Rowe Archive: 50 years of Focusing on Folk, drawing upon Rowe's extensive collection. [14] [31]
Rowe's photographs were also included in the 2014 Tate Britain exhibition British Folk Art. [32] [33]
In 2019, Rowe collaborated with photographer Bryony Bainbridge, printmaker and poet Natalie Reid, and multimedia artist Anna F. C. Smith on Lore and the Living Archive, an Arts Council England-funded exhibition that toured the UK, with residencies at Cecil Sharp House, the London headquarters of the English Folk Dance and Song Society; Touchstones museum in Rochdale, Greater Manchester; and the Pannett Art Gallery, Whitby, North Yorkshire. [34]
Folk music is a music genre that includes traditional folk music and the contemporary genre that evolved from the former during the 20th-century folk revival. Some types of folk music may be called world music. Traditional folk music has been defined in several ways: as music transmitted orally, music with unknown composers, music that is played on traditional instruments, music about cultural or national identity, music that changes between generations, music associated with a people's folklore, or music performed by custom over a long period of time. It has been contrasted with commercial and classical styles. The term originated in the 19th century, but folk music extends beyond that.
The folk music of England is a tradition-based music which has existed since the later medieval period. It is often contrasted with courtly, classical and later commercial music. Folk music traditionally was preserved and passed on orally within communities, but print and subsequently audio recordings have since become the primary means of transmission. The term is used to refer both to English traditional music and music composed or delivered in a traditional style.
Cecil James Sharp was an English collector of folk songs, folk dances and instrumental music, as well as a lecturer, teacher, composer and musician. He was a key figure in the folk-song revival in England during the Edwardian period. According to Roud's Folk Song in England, Sharp was the country's "single most important figure in the study of folk song and music".
Folk art covers all forms of visual art made in the context of folk culture. Definitions vary, but generally the objects have practical utility of some kind, rather than being exclusively decorative. The makers of folk art are typically trained within a popular tradition, rather than in the fine art tradition of the culture. There is often overlap, or contested ground with 'naive art'. "Folk art" is not used in regard to traditional societies where ethnographic art continue to be made.
Folk plays such as Hoodening, Guising, Mummers Play and Soul Caking are generally verse sketches performed in countryside pubs in European countries, private houses or the open air, at set times of the year such as the Winter or Summer solstices or Christmas and New Year. Many have long traditions, although they are frequently updated to retain their relevance for contemporary audiences.
Janet Heatley Blunt (1859–1950) was a British folklorist.
The Vaughan Williams Memorial Library (VWML) is the library and archive of the English Folk Dance and Song Society (EFDSS), located in the society's London headquarters, Cecil Sharp House. It is a multi-media library comprising books, periodicals, audio-visual materials, photographic images and sound recordings, as well as manuscripts, field notes, transcriptions etc. of a number of collectors of folk music and dance traditions in the British Isles. According to A Dictionary of English Folklore, "... by a gradual process of professionalization the VWML has become the most important concentration of material on traditional song, dance, and music in the country."
The Roud Folk Song Index is a database of around 250,000 references to nearly 25,000 songs collected from oral tradition in the English language from all over the world. It is compiled by Steve Roud. Roud's Index is a combination of the Broadside Index and a "field-recording index" compiled by Roud. It subsumes all the previous printed sources known to Francis James Child and includes recordings from 1900 to 1975. Until early 2006, the index was available by a CD subscription; now it can be found online on the Vaughan Williams Memorial Library website, maintained by the English Folk Dance and Song Society (EFDSS). A partial list is also available at List of folk songs by Roud number.
The English Folk Dance and Song Society is an organisation that promotes English folk music and folk dance. EFDSS was formed in 1932 when two organisations merged: the Folk-Song Society and the English Folk Dance Society. The EFDSS, a member-based organisation, was incorporated in 1935 and became a registered charity in 1963.
Steve Roud is the creator of the Roud Folk Song Index and an expert on folklore and superstition. He was formerly Local Studies Librarian for the London Borough of Croydon and Honorary Librarian of the Folklore Society.
The 'Obby 'Oss festival is a folk custom that takes place each 1st of May in Padstow, a coastal town in North Cornwall. It involves two separate processions making their way around the town, each containing an eponymous hobby horse known as the 'Obby 'Oss.
Ivan Honchar Museum is a museum in Kyiv, Ukraine showcasing the culture of Ukraine and preserving Ukrainian folk art.
The Folklore Society (FLS) is a registered charity under English law based in London, England for the study of folklore. Its office is at 50 Fitzroy Street, London home of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland.
Peter Douglas Kennedy was an influential English folklorist and folk song collector throughout the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s.
Maud Karpeles OBE, was a British collector of folksongs and dance teacher.
Mummer's Day, or "Darkie Day" as it is sometimes known, is a traditional Cornish midwinter celebration that occurs every year on Boxing Day and New Year's Day in Padstow, Cornwall. It was originally part of the pagan heritage of midwinter celebrations that were regularly celebrated throughout Cornwall where people would take part in the traditional custom of guise dancing, which involves disguising themselves by painting their faces black or wearing masks.
Ukrainian folklore is the folk tradition which has developed in Ukraine and among ethnic Ukrainians. The earliest examples of folklore found in Ukraine is the layer of pan-Slavic folklore that dates back to the ancient Slavic mythology of the Eastern Slavs. Gradually, Ukrainians developed a layer of their own distinct folk culture. Folklore has been an important tool in defining and retaining a cultural distinctiveness in Ukraine in the face of strong assimilatory pressures from neighboring lands.
The Full English launched in 2013 and is an ongoing English Folk Dance and Song Society (EFDSS) project to create a searchable digital archive of English folk song collections from the early 20th century, thereby preserving and improving the accessibility of these resources. The project is supported by the Heritage Lottery Fund, The Folklore Society, the National Folk Music Fund and the English Miscellany Folk Dance Group. An offshoot of the archive, also in 2013, was an album and concert tour under The Full English name by a collective of UK folk singers.
Alex Helm (1920–1970) was an award-winning British folklorist, described as "one of the most important figures in the study of calendar custom and [folk] dance in post-war England".
Ian Russell MBE is a British Folklorist, most noted for his research into singing traditions in the English Pennines.
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