Eileen Furlong

Last updated

Eileen Furlong
FRS MAE
Born
Eileen E.M. Furlong
NationalityIrish
Alma mater University College Dublin (BSc, PhD)
Awards Member of the Academia Europaea (2016)
EMBO Membership (2013)
Scientific career
Fields Enhancers
Chromatin topology
Embryonic development
Single cell genomics
Transcription factors [1]
Institutions European Molecular Biology Laboratory
Stanford University
Thesis Tissue-specific regulation of gene expression by the transcription factors Ying-Yang 1 and nuclear factor 1  (1996)
Doctoral advisor Finian Martin [2]
Website furlonglab.embl.de

Eileen E. M. Furlong FRS MAE is an Irish molecular biologist working in the fields of transcription, chromatin biology, developmental biology and genomics. [3] She is known for her work in understanding how the genome is regulated, in particular to how developmental enhancers function, how they interact within three dimensional chromatin topologies and how they drive cell fate decisions during embryogenesis. [1] [4] [5] She is Head of the Department of Genome Biology at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL). Furlong was elected a member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) in 2013, [6] the Academia Europaea in 2016 [7] and to EMBO’s research council in 2018. [8]

Contents

Education

Eileen Furlong obtained a Bachelor of Science degree at University College Dublin, and a PhD at the Conway institute at UCD, studying transcriptional regulation of immediate early response genes in the lab of Finian Martin. [2]

Career and research

After her PhD, Furlong was a postdoctoral researcher at Stanford University, in Matthew P. Scott's lab, [9] developing genomics tools to functionally dissect developmental programmes during embryogenesis. Furlong started her independent lab at EMBL in 2002, [10] and was appointed head of department [11] in 2009. Her research integrates genomics, genetics and computational biology approaches to functionally dissect the role of non-coding cis-regulatory elements in the regulation of gene expression. [12] [13] In particular, using mesoderm specification into different muscle primordia as a model system. Her group’s research has uncovered a number of properties of enhancers [14] [15] [16] [17] and enhancer-promoter communication, including pre-formed enhancer-promoter ‘loops’ [18] [19] and the ability of many enhancer’s to function even when larger chromatin topologies are perturbed, [20] [21] [22] in addition to mechanisms that allow enhancers to withstand the effects of genetic variation, including collective transcription factor recruitment, [23] [24] genetic epistasis within enhancers [25] and promoters, [26] and extensive redundancy, [27] which together contribute to canalization in developmental patterning.[ citation needed ]

Furlong’s work was credited in the development and application of genomic approaches to understand embryonic development, [28] [29] including the development of Drosophila microarrays, [30] [31] an automatic transgenic embryo sorter, [32] [33] Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) in embryos, [34] [35] [36] tissue specific [37] [38] [39] and single cell approaches [40] - which combined with genetic manipulations provided insight into developmental programmes during embryogenesis at a genome-wide scale. [41] [42]

Furlong serves on the editorial boards of the scientific journals Developmental Cell , [43] Development , [44] Molecular Systems Biology , [45] Current Opinion in Genetics Development , [46] Current Opinion in Cell Biology , [47] [48] a European Research Council (ERC) panel member [49] [50] and an organiser of the international Conferences From Functional Genomics to Systems Biology, [51] EMBL Transcription and Chromatin [52] meeting, and a keynote speaker at national and international conferences including Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology (ISMB). [53] [54] [55] [56] [57] [58] [59] [ excessive citations ]

Awards and honors

Furlong was elected a member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) in 2013, [6] and a Member of the Academia Europaea (MAE) in 2016. [7] Furlong was awarded ERC advanced investigator funding CisRegVar 2013-2018 [60] and DeCRypT 2019-2023. [61] She was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in May 2022. [62]

Related Research Articles

Heterochromatin is a tightly packed form of DNA or condensed DNA, which comes in multiple varieties. These varieties lie on a continuum between the two extremes of constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin. Both play a role in the expression of genes. Because it is tightly packed, it was thought to be inaccessible to polymerases and therefore not transcribed; however, according to Volpe et al. (2002), and many other papers since, much of this DNA is in fact transcribed, but it is continuously turned over via RNA-induced transcriptional silencing (RITS). Recent studies with electron microscopy and OsO4 staining reveal that the dense packing is not due to the chromatin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Transcription (biology)</span> Process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA. The segments of DNA transcribed into RNA molecules that can encode proteins produce messenger RNA (mRNA). Other segments of DNA are transcribed into RNA molecules called non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Enhancer (genetics)</span> DNA sequence that binds activators to increase the likelihood of gene transcription

In genetics, an enhancer is a short region of DNA that can be bound by proteins (activators) to increase the likelihood that transcription of a particular gene will occur. These proteins are usually referred to as transcription factors. Enhancers are cis-acting. They can be located up to 1 Mbp away from the gene, upstream or downstream from the start site. There are hundreds of thousands of enhancers in the human genome. They are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Active enhancers typically get transcribed as enhancer or regulatory non-coding RNA, whose expression levels correlate with mRNA levels of target genes.

A regulatory sequence is a segment of a nucleic acid molecule which is capable of increasing or decreasing the expression of specific genes within an organism. Regulation of gene expression is an essential feature of all living organisms and viruses.

In molecular biology and genetics, transcriptional regulation is the means by which a cell regulates the conversion of DNA to RNA (transcription), thereby orchestrating gene activity. A single gene can be regulated in a range of ways, from altering the number of copies of RNA that are transcribed, to the temporal control of when the gene is transcribed. This control allows the cell or organism to respond to a variety of intra- and extracellular signals and thus mount a response. Some examples of this include producing the mRNA that encode enzymes to adapt to a change in a food source, producing the gene products involved in cell cycle specific activities, and producing the gene products responsible for cellular differentiation in multicellular eukaryotes, as studied in evolutionary developmental biology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fotis Kafatos</span> Greek biologist (1940–2017)

Fotis Constantine Kafatos was a Greek biologist. Between 2007-2010 he was the founding president of the European Research Council (ERC). He chaired the ERC Scientific Council from 2006-2010. Thereafter, he was appointed Honorary President of the ERC.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chromosome conformation capture</span>

Chromosome conformation capture techniques are a set of molecular biology methods used to analyze the spatial organization of chromatin in a cell. These methods quantify the number of interactions between genomic loci that are nearby in 3-D space, but may be separated by many nucleotides in the linear genome. Such interactions may result from biological functions, such as promoter-enhancer interactions, or from random polymer looping, where undirected physical motion of chromatin causes loci to collide. Interaction frequencies may be analyzed directly, or they may be converted to distances and used to reconstruct 3-D structures.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">SATB1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

SATB1 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the SATB1 gene. It is a dimeric/tetrameric transcription factor with multiple DNA binding domains. SATB1 specifically binds to AT-rich DNA sequences with high unwinding propensity called base unpairing regions (BURs), containing matrix attachment regions (MARs).

Epigenomics is the study of the complete set of epigenetic modifications on the genetic material of a cell, known as the epigenome. The field is analogous to genomics and proteomics, which are the study of the genome and proteome of a cell. Epigenetic modifications are reversible modifications on a cell's DNA or histones that affect gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. Epigenomic maintenance is a continuous process and plays an important role in stability of eukaryotic genomes by taking part in crucial biological mechanisms like DNA repair. Plant flavones are said to be inhibiting epigenomic marks that cause cancers. Two of the most characterized epigenetic modifications are DNA methylation and histone modification. Epigenetic modifications play an important role in gene expression and regulation, and are involved in numerous cellular processes such as in differentiation/development and tumorigenesis. The study of epigenetics on a global level has been made possible only recently through the adaptation of genomic high-throughput assays.

Albert Erives is a developmental geneticist who studies transcriptional enhancers underlying animal development and diseases of development (cancers). Erives also proposed the pacRNA model for the dual origin of the genetic code and universal homochirality. He is known for work at the intersection of genetics, evolution, developmental biology, and gene regulation. He has worked at the California Institute of Technology, University of California, Berkeley, and Dartmouth College, and is an associate professor at the University of Iowa.

Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) represent a class of relatively long non-coding RNA molecules transcribed from the DNA sequence of enhancer regions. They were first detected in 2010 through the use of genome-wide techniques such as RNA-seq and ChIP-seq. eRNAs can be subdivided into two main classes: 1D eRNAs and 2D eRNAs, which differ primarily in terms of their size, polyadenylation state, and transcriptional directionality. The expression of a given eRNA correlates with the activity of its corresponding enhancer in target genes. Increasing evidence suggests that eRNAs actively play a role in transcriptional regulation in cis and in trans, and while their mechanisms of action remain unclear, a few models have been proposed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">STARR-seq</span>

STARR-seq is a method to assay enhancer activity for millions of candidates from arbitrary sources of DNA. It is used to identify the sequences that act as transcriptional enhancers in a direct, quantitative, and genome-wide manner.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Topologically associating domain</span> Self-interacting genomic region

A topologically associating domain (TAD) is a self-interacting genomic region, meaning that DNA sequences within a TAD physically interact with each other more frequently than with sequences outside the TAD. The median size of a TAD in mouse cells is 880 kb, and they have similar sizes in non-mammalian species. Boundaries at both side of these domains are conserved between different mammalian cell types and even across species and are highly enriched with CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) and cohesin. In addition, some types of genes appear near TAD boundaries more often than would be expected by chance.

H3K4me3 is an epigenetic modification to the DNA packaging protein Histone H3 that indicates tri-methylation at the 4th lysine residue of the histone H3 protein and is often involved in the regulation of gene expression. The name denotes the addition of three methyl groups (trimethylation) to the lysine 4 on the histone H3 protein.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nuclear organization</span> Spatial distribution of chromatin within a cell nucleus

Nuclear organization refers to the spatial distribution of chromatin within a cell nucleus. There are many different levels and scales of nuclear organisation. Chromatin is a higher order structure of DNA.

H3K27ac is an epigenetic modification to the DNA packaging protein histone H3. It is a mark that indicates acetylation of the lysine residue at N-terminal position 27 of the histone H3 protein.

H3K27me3 is an epigenetic modification to the DNA packaging protein histone H3. It is a mark that indicates the tri-methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 protein.

Alexander Stark is a biochemist and computational biologist working on the regulation of gene expression in development. He is a senior scientist at the Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP) at the Vienna Biocenter and adjunct professor of the Medical University of Vienna.

H3K9me2 is an epigenetic modification to the DNA packaging protein Histone H3. It is a mark that indicates the di-methylation at the 9th lysine residue of the histone H3 protein. H3K9me2 is strongly associated with transcriptional repression. H3K9me2 levels are higher at silent compared to active genes in a 10kb region surrounding the transcriptional start site. H3K9me2 represses gene expression both passively, by prohibiting acetylation as therefore binding of RNA polymerase or its regulatory factors, and actively, by recruiting transcriptional repressors. H3K9me2 has also been found in megabase blocks, termed Large Organised Chromatin K9 domains (LOCKS), which are primarily located within gene-sparse regions but also encompass genic and intergenic intervals. Its synthesis is catalyzed by G9a, G9a-like protein, and PRDM2. H3K9me2 can be removed by a wide range of histone lysine demethylases (KDMs) including KDM1, KDM3, KDM4 and KDM7 family members. H3K9me2 is important for various biological processes including cell lineage commitment, the reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells, regulation of the inflammatory response, and addiction to drug use.

Asifa Akhtar is a Pakistani biologist who has made significant contributions to the field of chromosome regulation. She is senior group leader and director of the Department of Chromatin Regulation at the Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics. Akhtar was awarded EMBO membership in 2013. She became the first international and female vice president of the Max Planck Society's Biology and Medicine Section in July 2020.

References

  1. 1 2 Eileen Furlong publications indexed by Google Scholar OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
  2. 1 2 Furlong, Eileen E. M. (1996). Tissue-specific regulation of gene expression by the transcription factors Ying-Yang 1 and nuclear factor 1 (PhD thesis). OCLC   605563938. ProQuest   301522152.
  3. ↑ Eileen Furlong publications from Europe PubMed Central
  4. ↑ "Deciphering the regulatory code". EMBL. 4 November 2009.
  5. ↑ Niemitz, Emily (2014). "Synthetic modeling of developmental enhancers". Nature Genetics. 46 (2): 99. doi: 10.1038/ng.2888 . ISSN   1546-1718. S2CID   38520086.
  6. 1 2 "Find people in the EMBO Communities". people.embo.org.
  7. 1 2 "Academy of Europe: Furlong Eileen". ae-info.org.
  8. ↑ "Council". EMBO. 22 March 2021.
  9. ↑ Furlong, Eileen E.M.; Profitt, David; Scott, Matthew P. (2001). "Automated sorting of live transgenic embryos". Nature Biotechnology. 19 (2): 153–156. doi:10.1038/84422. ISSN   1087-0156. PMID   11175730. S2CID   14228050.
  10. ↑ "Furlong Group - Genome regulation and topology during embryonic development - EMBL". embl.de.
  11. ↑ "Genome Biology".
  12. ↑ Furlong, EEM; Levine, M (28 September 2018). "Developmental enhancers and chromosome topology". Science. 361 (6409): 1341–1345. Bibcode:2018Sci...361.1341F. doi:10.1126/science.aau0320. PMC   6986801 . PMID   30262496.
  13. ↑ Spitz, F; Furlong, EE (September 2012). "Transcription factors: from enhancer binding to developmental control". Nature Reviews. Genetics. 13 (9): 613–26. doi:10.1038/nrg3207. PMID   22868264. S2CID   205485256.
  14. ↑ Zinzen, RP; Girardot, C; Gagneur, J; Braun, M; Furlong, EE (5 November 2009). "Combinatorial binding predicts spatio-temporal cis-regulatory activity". Nature. 462 (7269): 65–70. Bibcode:2009Natur.462...65Z. doi:10.1038/nature08531. PMID   19890324. S2CID   4320071.
  15. ↑ He, Xin; Sinha, Saurabh (February 2010). "ChIPs and regulatory bits". Nature Biotechnology. 28 (2): 142–143. doi:10.1038/nbt0210-142. ISSN   1546-1696. PMID   20139950. S2CID   30471127.
  16. ↑ Stark, Alexander (1 January 2009). "Learning the transcriptional regulatory code". Molecular Systems Biology. 5 (1): 329. doi:10.1038/msb.2009.88. ISSN   1744-4292. PMC   2795480 . PMID   19920814.
  17. ↑ Rister, Jens; Desplan, Claude (2010). "Deciphering the genome's regulatory code: The many languages of DNA". BioEssays. 32 (5): 381–384. doi:10.1002/bies.200900197. ISSN   1521-1878. PMC   3024831 . PMID   20394065.
  18. ↑ Ghavi-Helm, Y; Klein, FA; Pakozdi, T; Ciglar, L; Noordermeer, D; Huber, W; Furlong, EE (7 August 2014). "Enhancer loops appear stable during development and are associated with paused polymerase". Nature. 512 (7512): 96–100. Bibcode:2014Natur.512...96G. doi:10.1038/nature13417. PMID   25043061. S2CID   4464054.
  19. ↑ "Unexpected stability and complexity in transcriptional enhancers' interactions". phys.org.
  20. ↑ Ghavi-Helm, Y; Jankowski, A; Meiers, S; Viales, RR; Korbel, JO; Furlong, EEM (August 2019). "Highly rearranged chromosomes reveal uncoupling between genome topology and gene expression". Nature Genetics. 51 (8): 1272–1282. doi:10.1038/s41588-019-0462-3. PMC   7116017 . PMID   31308546.
  21. ↑ Finn, Elizabeth H.; Misteli, Tom (August 2019). "A genome disconnect". Nature Genetics. 51 (8): 1205–1206. doi:10.1038/s41588-019-0476-x. ISSN   1546-1718. PMC   7418859 . PMID   31332379.
  22. ↑ Koch, Linda (October 2019). "Toppling TAD tenets". Nature Reviews Genetics. 20 (10): 565. doi: 10.1038/s41576-019-0164-9 . ISSN   1471-0064. PMID   31367009. S2CID   199056689.
  23. ↑ Junion, G; Spivakov, M; Girardot, C; Braun, M; Gustafson, EH; Birney, E; Furlong, EE (3 February 2012). "A transcription factor collective defines cardiac cell fate and reflects lineage history". Cell. 148 (3): 473–86. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.01.030 . PMID   22304916. S2CID   7990140.
  24. ↑ Khoueiry, P; Girardot, C; Ciglar, L; Peng, PC; Gustafson, EH; Sinha, S; Furlong, EE (9 August 2017). "Uncoupling evolutionary changes in DNA sequence, transcription factor occupancy and enhancer activity". eLife. 6. doi: 10.7554/eLife.28440 . PMC   5550276 . PMID   28792889.
  25. ↑ Cannavò, E; Koelling, N; Harnett, D; Garfield, D; Casale, FP; Ciglar, L; Gustafson, HE; Viales, RR; Marco-Ferreres, R; Degner, JF; Zhao, B; Stegle, O; Birney, E; Furlong, EE (19 January 2017). "Genetic variants regulating expression levels and isoform diversity during embryogenesis". Nature. 541 (7637): 402–406. Bibcode:2017Natur.541..402C. doi:10.1038/nature20802. PMID   28024300. S2CID   205252947.
  26. ↑ Schor, IE; Degner, JF; Harnett, D; Cannavò, E; Casale, FP; Shim, H; Garfield, DA; Birney, E; Stephens, M; Stegle, O; Furlong, EE (April 2017). "Promoter shape varies across populations and affects promoter evolution and expression noise". Nature Genetics. 49 (4): 550–558. doi:10.1038/ng.3791. hdl: 11336/65679 . PMID   28191888. S2CID   3331476.
  27. ↑ Cannavò, E; Khoueiry, P; Garfield, DA; Geeleher, P; Zichner, T; Gustafson, EH; Ciglar, L; Korbel, JO; Furlong, EE (11 January 2016). "Shadow Enhancers Are Pervasive Features of Developmental Regulatory Networks". Current Biology. 26 (1): 38–51. Bibcode:2016CBio...26...38C. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.11.034. PMC   4712172 . PMID   26687625.
  28. ↑ McGuire, AL; Gabriel, S; Tishkoff, SA; Wonkam, A; Chakravarti, A; Furlong, EEM; Treutlein, B; Meissner, A; Chang, HY; López-Bigas, N; Segal, E; Kim, JS (October 2020). "The road ahead in genetics and genomics". Nature Reviews. Genetics. 21 (10): 581–596. doi:10.1038/s41576-020-0272-6. PMC   7444682 . PMID   32839576.
  29. ↑ Flintoft, Louisa (February 2013). "Predictions across space and time". Nature Reviews Genetics. 14 (2): 78–79. doi:10.1038/nrg3411. ISSN   1471-0064. PMID   23269464. S2CID   41780530.
  30. ↑ Arbeitman, MN; Furlong, EE; Imam, F; Johnson, E; Null, BH; Baker, BS; Krasnow, MA; Scott, MP; Davis, RW; White, KP (2002). "Gene expression during the life cycle of Drosophila melanogaster". Science. 297 (5590): 2270–5. Bibcode:2002Sci...297.2270A. doi:10.1126/science.1072152. PMID   12351791. S2CID   15639586.
  31. ↑ Science, American Association for the Advancement of (27 September 2002). "This Week in Science: Editor summaries of this week's papers". Science. 297 (5590): 2165. doi:10.1126/science.2002.297.5590.twis. ISSN   0036-8075. S2CID   239597164.
  32. ↑ Furlong, EE; Profitt, D; Scott, MP (February 2001). "Automated sorting of live transgenic embryos". Nature Biotechnology. 19 (2): 153–6. doi:10.1038/84422. PMID   11175730. S2CID   14228050.
  33. ↑ "Biological particle sorter". Google Patents. 21 March 2001.
  34. ↑ Sandmann, T; Jensen, LJ; Jakobsen, JS; Karzynski, MM; Eichenlaub, MP; Bork, P; Furlong, EE (June 2006). "A temporal map of transcription factor activity: mef2 directly regulates target genes at all stages of muscle development". Developmental Cell. 10 (6): 797–807. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2006.04.009 . PMID   16740481.
  35. ↑ Sandmann, T; Girardot, C; Brehme, M; Tongprasit, W; Stolc, V; Furlong, EE (15 February 2007). "A core transcriptional network for early mesoderm development in Drosophila melanogaster". Genes & Development. 21 (4): 436–49. doi:10.1101/gad.1509007. PMC   1804332 . PMID   17322403.
  36. ↑ Skipper, Magdalena (April 2007). "Chipping away at developmental networks". Nature Reviews Genetics. 8 (4): 249. doi: 10.1038/nrg2077 . ISSN   1471-0064. S2CID   38908110.
  37. ↑ Bonn, S; Zinzen, RP; Girardot, C; Gustafson, EH; Perez-Gonzalez, A; Delhomme, N; Ghavi-Helm, Y; Wilczyński, B; Riddell, A; Furlong, EE (8 January 2012). "Tissue-specific analysis of chromatin state identifies temporal signatures of enhancer activity during embryonic development". Nature Genetics. 44 (2): 148–56. doi:10.1038/ng.1064. PMID   22231485. S2CID   143727.
  38. ↑ Bonn, S; Zinzen, RP; Perez-Gonzalez, A; Riddell, A; Gavin, AC; Furlong, EE (26 April 2012). "Cell type-specific chromatin immunoprecipitation from multicellular complex samples using BiTS-ChIP". Nature Protocols. 7 (5): 978–94. doi:10.1038/nprot.2012.049. PMID   22538849. S2CID   20098167.
  39. ↑ Reddington, JP; Garfield, DA; Sigalova, OM; Karabacak Calviello, A; Marco-Ferreres, R; Girardot, C; Viales, RR; Degner, JF; Ohler, U; Furlong, EEM (7 December 2020). "Lineage-Resolved Enhancer and Promoter Usage during a Time Course of Embryogenesis". Developmental Cell. 55 (5): 648–664.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.10.009 . PMID   33171098. S2CID   226302320.
  40. ↑ Cusanovich, DA; Reddington, JP; Garfield, DA; Daza, RM; Aghamirzaie, D; Marco-Ferreres, R; Pliner, HA; Christiansen, L; Qiu, X; Steemers, FJ; Trapnell, C; Shendure, J; Furlong, EEM (2018). "The cis-regulatory dynamics of embryonic development at single-cell resolution". Nature. 555 (7697): 538–542. Bibcode:2018Natur.555..538C. doi:10.1038/nature25981. PMC   5866720 . PMID   29539636.
  41. ↑ Furlong, EE; Andersen, EC; Null, B; White, KP; Scott, MP (31 August 2001). "Patterns of gene expression during Drosophila mesoderm development". Science. 293 (5535): 1629–33. Bibcode:2001Sci...293.1629F. doi: 10.1126/science.1062660 . PMID   11486054. S2CID   13826608.
  42. ↑ Science, American Association for the Advancement of (31 August 2001). "This Week in Science: Research in Science journals". Science. 293 (5535): 1553. doi:10.1126/science.2001.293.5535.twis. ISSN   0036-8075.
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  49. ↑ "ERC Investigators - EMBL". embl.de.
  50. ↑ "Futures: Genome regulation - ERC grantee Eileen Furlong". EMBL. 13 March 2017.
  51. ↑ "EMBL Conference - from Functional Genomics to Systems Biology -".
  52. ↑ "14th EMBL Conference - Transcription and Chromatin - Virtual - Speakers".
  53. ↑ "Evolutionary Systems Biology". Wellcome Connecting Science Courses and Conferences.
  54. ↑ "CSH Asia 2020 Conference Systems Biology of Gene Regulation and Genome Editing". cshl.csh-asia.org.
  55. ↑ "Flyer Online Symposium Minerva-Gentner Symposium 2020" (PDF).
  56. ↑ "Speaker - Cell Symposia: Transcriptional Regulation". cell-symposia.com.
  57. ↑ "Eileen Furlong". iscb.org.
  58. ↑ "EMBL professor Eileen Furlong: keynote on Genome Regulation". UBC. 4 October 2017.
  59. ↑ Pathology, Research Institute of Molecular. "Eileen Furlong to give Max Birnstiel Lecture". The Research Institute of Molecular Pathology.
  60. ↑ "ERC grant CisRegVar".
  61. ↑ "ERC grant DeCRypT".
  62. ↑ "Outstanding scientists elected as Fellows and Foreign Members of the Royal Society". Royal Society. 10 May 2022. Retrieved 11 May 2022.
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