Hemiphractus is a genus of frogs, the horned treefrogs, in the family Hemiphractidae. These overall brownish frogs have a pointed snout and a casque on the head. They are nocturnal, relatively rare and native to humid lowland and highland forests in northern South America and Panama, where typically found on the ground or at relatively low levels in vegetation.
Elachistocleis is a genus of microhylid frogs found in southern America from Panama southwards. Their common name is oval frogs, although for historic reasons not all species are named so.
Hyalinobatrachium valerioi, sometimes known as the La Palma glass frog, is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found in central Costa Rica and south to Panama and the Pacific lowlands and slopes of western Colombia and Ecuador; also in the Magdalena River Valley of Colombia.
Colostethus inguinalis is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to northwestern and northcentral Colombia. Its vernacular name is common rocket frog, although this name can also refer to Colostethus panamansis that until 2004 was considered a junior synonym of Colostethus inguinalis. Much of the older literature on Colostethus inguinalis is actually about Colostethus panamansis.
Silverstoneia nubicola is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is found in western Colombia, Panama, and southwestern Costa Rica.
Colostethus panamansis, also known as the Panama rocket frog or (ambiguously) common rocket frog, is a species of poison dart frog. It is found in northwestern Colombia and Panama. It is one of the best studied poison dart frogs; however, until 2004 Colostethus panamansis was considered a synonym of Colostethus inguinalis, and consequently the older literature uses that name.
Allobates talamancae is a species of frog in the family Aromobatidae. It is found in northwestern Ecuador, western Colombia, Panama, Costa Rica, and southern Nicaragua.
Lehmann's poison frog or the red-banded poison frog is a species of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae endemic to a small part of western Colombia. Its natural habitats are submontane tropical rainforests. It is threatened by habitat loss and collection for the pet trade, and the IUCN lists it as being "critically endangered". It was named after Colombian conservation biologist Federico Carlos Lehmann.
The blue-bellied poison frog or bluebelly poison frog is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae.
Andinobates virolinensis is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Colombia where it is confined to the Santander and Cundinamarca departments on the Cordillera Oriental.
Craugastor raniformis is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is found in Colombia and Panama. It is a reasonably common species found in humid lowland and montane forests up to 1,500 m (4,900 ft) asl. It is also common in wet pastureland. Furthermore, it is one of the dominant frogs in abandoned mixed farming areas in the coastal Pacific rainforests in Colombia. This adaptable species is not considered threatened.
Pristimantis caryophyllaceus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama; records from Colombia prior to 2010 refer to Pristimantis educatoris. However, taxonomy of Pristimantis caryophyllaceus and P. educatoris remain unsettled, and many sources continue to report Pristimantis caryophyllaceus from Colombia.
Pristimantis taeniatus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found in central Panama to Colombia, possibly to north-western Ecuador. It is sometimes known as banded robber frog.
Hemiphractus fasciatus, or the banded horned treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is found in northwestern Ecuador and possibly the Pacific slopes of the Cordillera Occidental in Colombia; although formerly listed for Panama, this involves the similar and closely related H. elioti, H. kaylockae and H. panamensis. It is a relatively large frog that may readily bite.
The Colombian four-eyed frog is a species of frog in the family Leptodactylidae. It is found in an area stretching from Guyana and northern Brazil through Venezuela and Colombia into Panama as well as the Netherlands Antilles.
Elachistocleis bicolor is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is found in central Argentina and northward through Paraguay and Uruguay to Amazonian Brazil; earlier reports from Bolivia probably refer to Elachistocleis haroi.
Elachistocleis ovalis, commonly known as the common oval frog, is a dubious species of frog in the family Microhylidae. The type species of Elachistocleis, it was described without a holotype or type locality, and due to this it is not known exactly to which population the name Elachistocleis ovalis applies, making it a nomen nudum. The Amphibian Species of the World restricts this species to Panama, Colombia, Trinidad and Tobago, and Bolivia. Frog species from Brazil have been allocated to other species. A 2021 study found all populations assigned to E. ovalis across South America to represent several different undescribed species, likely indicating that the name E. ovalis is invalid without knowledge of the original population.
Elachistocleis skotogaster is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is known with certainty only from the Salta Province in northern Argentina. However, the type locality and some later observations are near the border to Bolivia, and it is possible that some frogs from Bolivia currently attributed to Elachistocleis ovalis belong to this species.
Elachistocleis pearsei is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is found in the Pacific versant of western Costa Rica, Panama, Caribbean lowlands of Colombia and into the Magdalena River Valley, and in northwest Venezuela. The specific name pearsei honors Arthur Sperry Pearse, an American zoologist.
Pristimantis achatinus, also known as Cachabi robber frog or pastures rainfrog, is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is found from eastern Panama through Colombia to western Ecuador. Its natural habitats are both lowland and montane habitats: forest clearings, road cuts in forest, and banana, cacao and coffee plantations, as well as in forested areas. It is mostly terrestrial, sometimes occurring off the ground in vegetation. It is a very common frog.
