Elaeocarpus williamsianus

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Hairy quandong
Elaeocarpus williamsianus leaves.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Oxalidales
Family: Elaeocarpaceae
Genus: Elaeocarpus
Species:
E. williamsianus
Binomial name
Elaeocarpus williamsianus

Elaeocarpus williamsianus, commonly known as hairy quandong, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to a restricted area of north-eastern New South Wales. It is a small tree with lance-shaped leaves, racemes of greenish-white flowers and spherical blue fruit.

Contents

Description

Elaeocarpus williamsianus is a tree that typically grows to a height of 9–15 m (30–49 ft) with a trunk diameter of up to 18 cm (7.1 in), with creamy-brown bark but without buttress roots. Its young branchlets are densely covered with woolly, rust-coloured hairs. The leaves are lance-shaped to egg-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, 90–150 mm (3.5–5.9 in) long and 30–55 mm (1.2–2.2 in) wide on a petiole 15–32 mm (0.59–1.26 in) long. The leaves sometimes have eight to ten pairs of inconspicuous teeth on the edges. The flowers are pendent, borne in leaf axils in groups of eleven to sixteen on a rachis 25–50 mm (0.98–1.97 in) long, each flower on a pedicel 2–4 mm (0.079–0.157 in) long. The flowers have five oblong to narrow triangular green sepals 9.5–11 mm (0.37–0.43 in) long and about 2 mm (0.079 in) wide. The five petals are greenish-white, oblong, 11–13 mm (0.43–0.51 in) long and 2–2.5 mm (0.079–0.098 in) wide with a fringe of twenty-two to twenty-six linear lobes at the tip. There are thirty to thirty-eight stamens and the ovary is covered with silvery hairs. Flowering occurs from November to December and the fruit is a more or less spherical blue drupe about 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in) in diameter, the stone with three longitudinal grooves. [2] [3] [4] [5]

Taxonomy

Elaeocarpus williamsianus was first formally described in 1983 by Gordon Paul Guymer in the journal Telopea from specimens collected near Burringbar in 1980. [4] [6] The specific epithet (williamsianus) honours John Beaumont Williams of the University of New England. [4]

Distribution and habitat

Hairy quandong is restricted to nine sites on the Burringbar Range in the far north-east of New South Wales, where it grows in warm temperate rainforest, including in disturbed areas where it has regrown from root suckers. [2] [7]

Conservation status

This quandong is very rare and at least six of the nine populations are clones and produce few seeds. The species is listed as "endangered" under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and the New South Wales Government Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 . A recovery plan has been prepared. The main threats to the species include habitat clearing and fragmentation, weed invasion, and the species limited genetic diversity. [7] [8]

Related Research Articles

<i>Elaeocarpus</i> Genus of flowering plants

Elaeocarpus is a genus of nearly five hundred species of flowering plants in the family Elaeocarpaceae native to the Western Indian Ocean, Tropical and Subtropical Asia, and the Pacific. Plants in the genus Elaeocarpus are trees or shrubs with simple leaves, flowers with four or five petals usually, and usually blue fruit.

<i>Elaeocarpus reticulatus</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae

Elaeocarpus reticulatus, commonly known as blueberry ash, ash quandong, blue olive berry, fairy petticoats, fringe tree, koda, lily of the valley tree and scrub ash, is species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae, and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with oblong to elliptic leaves, racemes of white or pink flowers and blue, oval to spherical fruit.

<i>Elaeocarpus kirtonii</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae

Elaeocarpus kirtonii, commonly known as silver quandong, white quandong, brown hearted quandong, brownheart, mountain beech, Mowbullan whitewood, pigeonberry ash, white beech or whitewood, is species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a large rainforest tree with buttress roots, regularly toothed, narrow elliptic to narrow oblong leaves, racemes of white flowers and pale blue, oval fruits.

<i>Elaeocarpus sedentarius</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae

Elaeocarpus sedentarius, commonly known as Minyon quandong, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to a restricted area of New South Wales. It is a medium-sized to large tree with elliptic to egg-shaped leaves, racemes of whitish flowers and more or less spherical blue fruit.

<i>Elaeocarpus holopetalus</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae

Elaeocarpus holopetalus, commonly known as black olive berry, mountain blueberry, or mountain quandong, is species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with regularly toothed, lance-shaped to egg-shaped leaves, racemes of white flowers and black, oval fruit.

<i>Elaeocarpus obovatus</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae

Elaeocarpus obovatus, commonly known as hard quandong, blueberry ash, whitewood, grey carabeen, freckled oliveberry or gray carrobeen, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a tree with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, egg-shaped to lance-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, racemes of white flowers, and blue, oval fruit.

<i>Elaeocarpus eumundi</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae

Elaeocarpus eumundi, commonly known as Eumundi quandong, or smooth-leaved quandong, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to north-eastern Australia. It is a mid-sized tree with egg-shaped to lance-shaped leaves, racemes of cream-coloured flowers and blue fruit. It grows in rainforest from the Cape York Peninsula in Queensland to north-eastern New South Wales.

<i>Elaeocarpus culminicola</i> Species of flowering plant

Elaeocarpus culminicola, commonly known as Michael's quandong, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is native to parts of Malesia and Australasia. It is a tree with wavy leaves with wavy or toothed edges, racemes of white, cream-coloured or pink flowers and more or less spherical fruit.

<i>Elaeocarpus carolinae</i> Tree in the family Elaeocarpaceae endemic to Queensland

Elaeocarpus carolinae is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to north-east Queensland. It is a tree with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, elliptic to oblong leaves with wavy-toothed edges, flowers with five white petals with lobed tips and spherical blue to purple fruit.

<i>Elaeocarpus coorangooloo</i> Tree in the family Elaeocarpaceae found in Australia

Elaeocarpus coorangooloo, commonly known as brown quandong or Coorangooloo quandong, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to north-east Queensland in Australia. It is a tree with elliptic leaves, white flowers with lobed petals, and spherical fruit.

<i>Elaeocarpus elliffii</i> Tree in the family Elaeocarpaceae endemic to Queensland

Elaeocarpus elliffii, commonly known as mountain quandong, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to north-east Queensland. It is a tree, sometimes with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, narrow egg-shaped leaves often with large domatia, flowers with five white petals with lobed tips, and more or less spherical fruit.

<i>Elaeocarpus foveolatus</i> Tree in the family Elaeocarpaceae endemic to Queensland

Elaeocarpus foveolatus, commonly known as white quandong or northern quandong, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It is a medium-sized tree, sometimes with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, variably-shaped leaves with serrated edges, flowers with five petals often with a few short lobes or teeth on the tip, and elliptic to oval fruit.

<i>Elaeocarpus grahamii</i> Tree in the family Elaeocarpaceae endemic to Queensland

Elaeocarpus grahamii is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to north-east Queensland. It is a small to medium-sized tree, sometimes coppicing, with elliptic to egg-shaped leaves, flowers with five petals that have a frilled tip, and oval blue fruit.

<i>Elaeocarpus hylobroma</i> Species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae

Elaeocarpus hylobroma is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to north-east Queensland. It is a small tree with elliptic to egg-shaped leaves with a few serrations near the tip, racemes of white flowers and dull blue, oval fruit.

Elaeocarpus johnsonii, commonly known as Kuranda quandong or Johnson's quandong, is species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to north-east Queensland. It is a small to medium-sized tree, often with several main stems, elliptic to egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, racemes of up to seven flowers, the petals with fringed lobes, and dark blue fruit.

Elaeocarpus largiflorens, commonly known as tropical quandong, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It is a medium-sized to large tree, sometimes with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, mostly elliptic leaves and reddish-brown flowers.

Elaeocarpus ruminatus, commonly known as brown quandong, caloon or grey quandong, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It is a tree with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, mostly more or less elliptic leaves, cream-coloured flowers with five petals that sometimes have a divided tip, and more or less spherical fruit.

Elaeocarpus sericopetalus, commonly known as hard quandong, blueberry ash, hard duandong or northern quandong, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It is a tree, sometimes with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, relatively large lenticels, oblong to elliptic leaves, creamy-white flowers with five petals, and deep red to almost black fruit.

Elaeocarpus stellaris is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to north-eastern Queensland. It is a tree, sometimes with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, elliptic to egg-shaped leaves, small groups of flowers with greenish-yellow sepals and creamy-white petals, the fruit containing a five-flanged stone.

Elaeocarpus thelmae is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeocarpaceae and is endemic to north-east Queensland. It is a tree, often with buttress roots at the base of the trunk, egg-shaped to elliptic leaves with many hairy domatia, densely rusty-hairy flowers, and blackish, oval fruit.

References

  1. ↑ "Elaeocarpus williamsianus". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 "Elaeocarpus williamsianus". PlantNET - NSW Flora Online. Retrieved 2010-06-02.
  3. ↑ Hyland, Bernard; Coode, Mark J. (1984). "Elaeocarpus in Australia and New Zealand". Kew Bulletin. 39 (3): 546–548.
  4. 1 2 3 Guymer, Gordon (13 October 1983). "A new species of Elaeocarpus (Elaeocarpaceae) from north east New South Wales". Telopea. 2 (4): 385–389. doi: 10.7751/telopea19834404 . Retrieved 27 February 2021.
  5. ↑ Floyd, A. G. (2008). Rainforest Trees of Mainland South-eastern Australia (2nd, Revised ed.). Lismore, New South Wales: Terania Rainforest Publishing. p. 132. ISBN   978-0-958943-67-3 . Retrieved 2010-06-04.
  6. ↑ "Elaeocarpus williamsianus". APNI. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
  7. 1 2 "Hairy quandong - profile". New South Wales Government Office of Environment and Heritage. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
  8. ↑ "Recovery Plan for Elaeocarpus williamsianus" (PDF). New South Wales Government Department of Environment and Conservation. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
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