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Rowing, often called crew in the United States, is the sport of racing boats using oars. It differs from paddling sports in that rowing oars are attached to the boat using rowlocks, while paddles are not connected to the boat. Rowing is divided into two disciplines: sculling and sweep rowing. In sculling, each rower holds two oars, one in each hand, while in sweep rowing each rower holds one oar with both hands. There are several boat classes in which athletes may compete, ranging from single sculls, occupied by one person, to shells with eight rowers and a coxswain, called eights. There are a wide variety of course types and formats of racing, but most elite and championship level racing is conducted on calm water courses 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) long with several lanes marked using buoys.
Rowing has been part of the Summer Olympics since its debut in the 1900 Games. Rowing was on the program at the 1896 Summer Olympics but was cancelled due to bad weather. Only men were allowed to compete until the women's events were introduced at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal which gave national federations the incentive to support women's events and catalysed growth in women's rowing. Lightweight rowing events were introduced to the games in 1996. Qualifying for the rowing events is under the jurisdiction of the World Rowing Federation. World Rowing predates the modern Olympics and was the first international sport federation to join the modern Olympic movement.
The Soviet Union (USSR) competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 410 competitors, 285 men and 125 women, took part in 189 events in 22 sports. As the country hosted the next Olympics in Moscow, a Soviet segment was performed at the closing ceremony.
Romania competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy. 98 competitors, 82 men and 16 women, took part in 65 events in 13 sports.
Elena Georgescu is a Romanian coxswain who has won five Olympic medals in the women's eight event. She competed until 1991 under her maiden name.
Yelena Petrovna Antonova is a rower from the Soviet Union.
Elena Giurcă was a Romanian rowing coxswain. She took up rowing in 1966 and debuted internationally at the 1969 European Championships, winning a bronze medal in the eights. Later, she mostly competed in the quadruple sculls, finishing third and fourth at the 1976 and 1980 Summer Olympics, respectively. She also won silver medals in this event at the 1974 and 1977 world championships.
Rodica Arba is a retired Romanian rower. She competed at the 1980, 1984 and 1988 Olympics and won two gold, one silver, and one bronze medal. At the world championships she won four gold, one silver and two bronze medals between 1981 and 1987, mostly in coxless pairs.
Yelena Khloptseva is a rower from Belarus and Olympic champion. She won the gold medal in the double scull event with her partner Larisa Popova in the 1980 Moscow Olympic Games representing the Soviet Union. She also won a bronze medal in the quadruple scull event at 1992 Moscow Barcelona Olympic Games. She also won various medals at World Rowing Championships.
Elena Horvat is a retired Romanian rower. She is a world champion and Olympic gold medallist in the coxless pair.
Elena Borisovna Tereshina is a Ukrainian rower. She competed in the eight for the Soviet Union at the 1980 Summer Olympics where she won the silver medal. Tereshina also won seven gold medals at the World Rowing Championships.
Elena Dobriţoiu, also known as Elena Radu-Dobriţoiu, is a Romanian former rowing cox who competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics.
Yelena Gennadyevna Matiyevskaya is a Russian former rower who competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics.
Ionela Livia Cozmiuc is a Romanian rower. She is a two-times world champion in the women's lightweight double sculls for Romania winning back to back world titles in 2017 and 2018, and taking another title in the lightweight single sculls in 2022. She competed in the women's lightweight double sculls event at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
Gianina Elena Beleagă is a Romanian rower. She is twice world champion in the women's lightweight double sculls event winning back to back titles in 2017 and 2018 for Romania. She competed in the women's lightweight double sculls event at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
Marius Vasile Cozmiuc is a Romanian rower. A 2022 World Champion in the coxless pair, Cozmiuc competed in a coxless four at the 2016 Summer Olympics and won a silver medal in the coxless pair at Tokyo 2020. He married fellow Olympic rower Ionela-Livia Cozmiuc in 2017.
Elena Oprea is a retired Romanian rower. She competed in international events from 1971 to 1980, including the 1976 and 1980 Olympics. She won silver and bronze medals at European and World Rowing Championships in the women's eight and the coxless pair. At the 1976 Olympics, she came fourth in the coxed four and sixth in the women's eight. At the 1980 Olympics, she came fourth in the coxless pair.
The women's coxless pairs rowing competition at the 1988 Summer Olympics took place at the Han River Regatta Course in Seoul, Korea. The event was held from 19 to 24 September.
Elena Avram is a Romanian rower. She competed in the women's eight event at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
Elena Logofătu is a Romanian rower. She competed in the women's coxless four event at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
References
- ↑ "Elena Makushkina". International Rowing Federation . Retrieved 8 November 2017.
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