Erin Grall | |
---|---|
Member of the Florida Senate from the 29th district | |
Assumed office November 8, 2022 | |
Preceded by | Debbie Mayfield (redistricting) |
Member of the FloridaHouseofRepresentatives from the 54th district | |
In office November 8,2016 –November 8,2022 | |
Preceded by | Debbie Mayfield |
Succeeded by | Robbie Brackett |
Personal details | |
Born | Vero Beach,Florida | June 30,1977
Political party | Republican |
Erin Grall (born June 30,1977) is an American politician who served in the Florida House of Representatives from the 54th district from 2016 to 2022 [1] [2] and has served in the Florida Senate since 2022. [3] In the Florida Legislature,she has sponsored bills that have become law.
In 2018,Grall voted against the Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School Public Safety Act. The bill banned bump stocks,raised the minimum age to purchase a firearm from 18 to 21,expanded the 3-day waiting period to rifles,and enacted red flag laws in the state. [4]
In 2019,Grall introduced a bill to require minors to obtain consent from at least one parent prior to obtaining an abortion. [5] Her bill passed the Florida House on April 17,2019,but the bill stalled and eventually died in the more moderate Florida Senate. That same year,Grall introduced a parental rights bill that would recognize rights with regard to a "minor child's education,upbringing,&health care." [6] It was not given a vote in the House.
In 2020,Grall reintroduced the parental consent for abortion bill and parents' rights legislation. [7] After receiving the endorsement of Governor Ron DeSantis,the Legislature passed the abortion bill. [8] It was signed on June 30,2020. [9] [10] The parental rights bill again did not receive a vote.
In 2021,Grall reintroduced the Parents' Bill of Rights,legislation similar to what she had introduced in prior years. [11] The bill passed the Legislature on April 22 and received the signature of DeSantis on June 29. Grall also introduced legislation to prohibit "disability abortion," though the Florida Senate did not take up the bill.
In 2022,Grall introduced HB 5,which prohibits abortions in the state after 15 weeks of pregnancy,with exceptions for the life and physical health of the pregnant woman,as well as fatal fetal abnormalities. [12] The bill passed,and DeSantis signed the legislation on April 14. [13] In anticipation of the United States Supreme Court's decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization,the legislation had an effective date of July 1. On June 24,2022,the court eliminated the constitutional right to abortion. The legislation was allowed to take effect as challenges in state court proceed. [14] In 2022,after two women in Florida,both of whom had been undergoing fertility treatment,experienced pre-viability preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) in their second trimesters,were denied treatment,and developed serious complications,Grall accused physicians of intentionally misinterpreting the bill in such cases for political reasons. [15]
Additionally,Grall and Alex Andrade introduced the Parental Rights in Education Act,which prohibits instruction on sexual orientation and gender identity in kindergarten through third grade. [16]
After being elected to the Florida Senate in 2023,Grall introduced the Heartbeat Protection Act. The legislation makes abortion after 6 weeks illegal except in the event of rape,incest,human trafficking,a fatal fetal abnormality diagnosis,or when the pregnant woman's life is in danger. It also prevents state funds from being used to finance agencies that provide abortion or to help a pregnant woman travel to another state to receive an abortion,and outlaws the delivery of abortion pills through the mail. [17] The bill passed the Florida Legislature on April 13,2023,and DeSantis signed it into law on the same day. During debate on the bill,Grall called the legislation "a compromise" because she believes that abortion in all cases "meets the definition of murder." [18] The bill is currently blocked until a decision is rendered by the Florida Supreme Court on the status of abortion in Florida.
Grall introduced legislation,later signed by DeSantis,to restrict certain restrooms based on biological sex. [19] She also introduced a bill to ban "diversity,equity,and inclusion" at public universities,but the references to those initiatives were stripped prior to the bill's passage. [20] [21]
Grall has introduced several bills in the 2024 session. SB 1044 would authorize "school districts and charter schools to adopt a policy to allow volunteer school chaplains." [22] SB 1590 would tighten penalties for prostitution in the state. [23] SB 1788 would prohibit minors under the age of 16 from using social media sites and require the use of age verification to access such websites. [24] SB 1792 would prohibit minors from accessing "harmful" websites,specifically those that depict sexual conduct;the legislation would also require such websites conduct age verification. [25] SB 1472 would require video cameras be placed in certain public Florida classrooms. [26] SB 1722 would prohibit "the initiation of a child protective investigation or removal of a child from his or her residence solely based on a parent's religious beliefs or ideology." [27] SB 436 and SB 1442 would expand pregnancy support services offered by the Florida Department of Health. [28] [29]
The Central Florida Tourism Oversight District (CFTOD),formerly the Reedy Creek Improvement District (RCID),is the governing jurisdiction and special taxing district for the land of Walt Disney World Resort. It includes 39.06 sq mi (101.2 km2) within Orange and Osceola counties in Florida,encompassing the cities of Bay Lake and Lake Buena Vista as well as unincorporated land. It acts with most of the same authority and responsibility as a county government.
Dennis K. Baxley is a state legislator in Florida who served in the Florida Senate from 2016 to 2024. A Republican,he represents the 12th district including Sumter County and parts of Lake County and Marion County in Central Florida. He previously served in the Florida House of Representatives,representing parts of Marion County from 2000 to 2007 and again from 2010 until his election to the Senate in 2016. He served on the Belleview City Commission and as its mayor.
In United States politics,the Freedom of Choice Act was a bill which sought to codify into law for women a "fundamental right to choose to bear a child;terminate a pregnancy prior to fetal viability;or terminate a pregnancy after viability when necessary to protect her life or her health". It sought to prohibit a federal,state,or local governmental entity from denying or interfering with a woman's right to exercise such choices;or discriminating against the exercise of those rights in the regulation or provision of benefits,facilities,services,or information. Provides that such prohibition shall apply retroactively. It also authorizes an individual aggrieved by a violation of this Act to obtain appropriate relief,including relief against a governmental entity,in a civil action".
The legality of abortion in the United States and the various restrictions imposed on the procedure vary significantly,depending on the laws of each state or other jurisdiction,although there is no uniform federal law. Some states prohibit abortion at all stages of pregnancy,with few exceptions;others permit it up to a certain point in a woman's pregnancy,while some allow abortion throughout a woman's pregnancy. In states where abortion is legal,several classes of restrictions on the procedure may exist,such as parental consent or notification laws,requirements that patients be shown an ultrasound before obtaining an abortion,mandatory waiting periods,and counseling requirements.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender (LGBTQ) people in the U.S. state of Florida have federal protections,but many face legal difficulties on the state level that are not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Same-sex sexual activity became legal in the state after the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Lawrence v. Texas on June 26,2003,although the state legislature has not repealed its sodomy law. Same-sex marriage has been legal in the state since January 6,2015. Discrimination on account of sexual orientation and gender identity in employment,housing and public accommodations is outlawed following the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Bostock v. Clayton County. In addition,several cities and counties,comprising about 55 percent of Florida's population,have enacted anti-discrimination ordinances. These include Jacksonville,Miami,Tampa,Orlando,St. Petersburg,Tallahassee and West Palm Beach,among others. Conversion therapy is also banned in a number of cities in the state,mainly in the Miami metropolitan area,but has been struck down by the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals. In September 2023,Lake Worth Beach,Florida became an official "LGBT sanctuary city" to protect and defend LGBT rights.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,transgender,and queer (LGBTQ) people in the U.S. state of New Mexico enjoy the same rights as non-LGBTQ people. New Mexico has seen prominent advances in gay and lesbian rights in recent decades. Same-sex sexual activity has been legal since 1975. Same-sex marriage is legal statewide in New Mexico,as is adoption and access to fertility treatments for lesbian couples. Same-sex couples have had the same rights as heterosexual married couples since 2013. Discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity is banned statewide in the areas of employment,housing and public accommodations. Additionally,conversion therapy on minors is prohibited in the state.
Raymond Wesley Rodrigues is the 12th chancellor of the State University System of Florida since 2023. Previously,he served four terms in the Florida House of Representatives,representing southern and coastal Lee County from 2012 to 2020 and one term in the Florida Senate from 2020 to 2022. His campaign website describes him as conservative.
A six-week abortion ban,also called a "fetal heartbeat bill" by proponents,is a law in the United States which makes abortion illegal as early as six weeks gestational age,which is when proponents claim that a "fetal heartbeat" can be detected. Medical and reproductive health experts,including the American Medical Association and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists,say that the reference to a fetal heartbeat is medically inaccurate and misleading,for a conceptus is not called a fetus until eight weeks after fertilization,as well as that at four weeks after fertilization,the embryo has no heart,only a group of cells which will become a heart. Medical professionals advise that a true fetal heartbeat cannot be detected until around 17 to 20 weeks of gestation when the chambers of the heart have become sufficiently developed.
Anti-LGBTQ curriculum laws are laws approved by various U.S. states that limit the discussion of sexuality and gender identity in public schools. In theory,these laws mainly apply to sex ed courses,but they can also be applied to other parts of the school curriculum as well as to extracurricular activities such as sports and organizations such as gay–straight alliances. In July 2022,a wave of anti-LGBT curriculum resurgence saw ten such laws beginning to take effect in six different states. Some states enacting these new laws appear to have mirrored similar laws from other states.
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Ileana Ydolia Garcia is a Republican politician from Florida,who serves as a member of the Florida Senate.
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The Parental Rights in Education Act,commonly referred to as the Don't Say Gay law,is a Florida statute passed in 2022 that regulates public schools in Florida. The law is most notable for prohibiting public schools from having "classroom discussion" or giving "classroom instruction" about sexual orientation or gender identity from kindergarten through 3rd grade or in a manner deemed to be against state standards in all grades. It also requires that schools disclose to parents if their children have received mental health services via the school.
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Florida Senate Bill 254 is a law that prohibits gender-affirming care for anyone under the age of 18,places restrictions on adult patients accessing this care,and allows the state to take temporary custody of children who may be receiving gender-affirming care now or in the future. In June 2024,a judge permanently blocked the law from taking effect. In August 2024,the 11th Circuit Court of Appeals stayed the permanent injunction while the matter is appealed.
Florida Senate Bill 266,also commonly known by its Florida House of Representatives counterpart House Bill 999,is Florida legislation relating to public universities within the state. Under the legislation,diversity,equity and inclusion (DEI) programs and certain college majors relating to DEI would be eliminated or heavily restricted;the legislation phrases such courses as being based on "unproven,theoretical,or exploratory content". The legislation would prohibit state universities from including DEI and political identity filters within higher education hiring processes,and bans the usage of critical race theory in hiring. The law was filed in the Florida House of Representatives on February 21,2023,by Republican representative Alex Andrade,while a Florida Senate version was filed seven days later by Republican state senator Erin Grall. The senate version of the legislation,which was noted as less intense in its requirements than the house version,ultimately passed and was signed by governor Ron DeSantis,concurrently with the similar Florida House Bill 931,on May 15,2023. SB 266 took effect on July 1,2023.
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