Island marble butterfly | |
---|---|
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Lepidoptera |
Family: | Pieridae |
Genus: | Euchloe |
Species: | |
Subspecies: | E. a. insulanus |
Trinomial name | |
Euchloe ausonides insulanus Guppy & Shepard, 2001 |
Euchloe ausonides insulanus, the island marble butterfly, is a subspecies of the Euchloe ausonides (large marble butterfly) and is found in the San Juan Islands in Washington in the northwestern United States. The butterfly was thought to be extinct and was last observed on Gabriola Island, British Columbia in 1908. The species was rediscovered during a prairie butterfly survey in San Juan Island National Historical Park [1] in 1998. After this rediscovery, surveys were conducted throughout the presumed range and found a few populations on San Juan Island and Lopez Island, but no remaining populations in Canada.
The Island Marble is medium sized butterfly that is distinguishable by its white and green mottled pattern under its hind wings.
The Island Marble butterfly is primarily coastal prairie dwelling species and an indicator for the health of the prairie ecosystem. This species has three known host plants which are located in different ecosystems. Brassica rapa grows primarily in the prairies, Sisymbrium altissium grows in sandy habitats, and Lepidium virginicum grows in coastal areas. Previously, the Island Marble Butterly inhabited various areas in the San Juan and Lopez islands. However, it is currently only found in the American Camp site at San Juan Island National Historical Park. [2]
The Island Marble Butterfly spends on average 7 days in its butterfly stage. During this time the butterfly finds a mate, nectars, and lays eggs on a host plant. There are three known host plants for the Island Marble Butterfly: Brassica rapa, Sisymbrium altissimum, and Lepidium virginicum var. menziesii. [3] The lifespan of an Island Marble Butterfly ranges from six to nine days. [2]
On May 5, 2020, the Island Marble butterfly was listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. [4] The Canadian Species at Risk Act (SARA) listed the island marble butterfly as being extirpated in Canada in May 2000 and again in April 2010. [5] On August 22, 2012, the Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation submitted a petition for protection with the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). [6] [7] The island marble butterfly is currently noted on the Washington State Species of Concern List. [8]
This is an index of conservation topics. It is an alphabetical index of articles relating to conservation biology and conservation of the natural environment.
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San Juan Island National Historical Park, also known as American and English Camps, San Juan Island, is a U.S. National Historical Park owned and operated by the National Park Service on San Juan Island in the state of Washington. The park is made up of the sites of the British and U.S. Army camps during the Pig War, a boundary dispute over the ownership of the island. The camp sites were designated a National Historic Landmark in 1961, and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1966. The park was created by an act of Congress in 1966 and expanded slightly in 2013.
The Canadian Wildlife Service or CWS, is a Branch of the Department of the Environment, a department of the Government of Canada. November 1, 2012 marked the 65th anniversary of the founding of Service.
Euchloe ausonides, the large marble or creamy marblewing, is a species of butterfly that occurs in western North America. It lays eggs on the terminal flower buds of a variety of plants in the mustard family, including introduced Eurasian species, and the larvae feed on the buds, flowers and fruit of these plants. In California, it has witnessed population declines since the 1980s, especially in the Central Valley and the Bay Area, and in Washington, its subspecies the island marble butterfly is a candidate for listing under the Endangered Species Act.
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