| Euphrictus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Mygalomorphae |
| Family: | Theraphosidae |
| Subfamily: | Selenogyrinae |
| Genus: | Euphrictus Hirst, 1908 [1] |
Euphrictus is a genus of tarantula (family Theraphosidae) which is found in Africa. It is part of the subfamily Selenogyrinae. [2]
The genus Euphrictus was erected by A.S. Hirst in 1908 for the species Euphrictus spinosus , [1] described on the basis of a single male from Cameroon. [3]
Euphrictus has a rastellum on the chelicerae, which is rare in tarantulas, as it is quite primitive, and could point to the conclusion that all tarantulas may once have had this feature, but this was lost in more advanced groups. A lack of genera prevents this from being proven. [2]
Euphrictus is characterized by the stridulating organ between the chelicerae. This consists of stout, peg-like setae and thick thorn-like spines. There is also rastellum on the chelicerae. [2]
As of January 2016 [update] , the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species: [1]
Stridulation is the act of producing sound by rubbing together certain body parts. This behavior is mostly associated with insects, but other animals are known to do this as well, such as a number of species of fish, snakes and spiders. The mechanism is typically that of one structure with a well-defined lip, ridge, or nodules being moved across a finely-ridged surface or vice versa, and vibrating as it does so, like the dragging of a phonograph needle across a vinyl record. Sometimes it is the structure bearing the file which resonates to produce the sound, but in other cases it is the structure bearing the scraper, with both variants possible in related groups. Common onomatopoeic words for the sounds produced by stridulation include chirp and chirrup.
The family Dipluridae, known as curtain-web spiders are a group of spiders in the infraorder Mygalomorphae, that have two pairs of booklungs, and chelicerae (fangs) that move up and down in a stabbing motion. A number of genera, including that of the Sydney funnel-web spider (Atrax), used to be classified in this family but have now been moved to Atracidae.
Barychelidae, also known as brushed trapdoor spiders, is a spider family with about 300 species in 39 genera.
The Harpactirinae are a subfamily of tarantulas which are native to the continent of Africa. Like many Old World tarantulas, they have a relatively strong venom and can inflict a painful bite.
Annandaliella travancorica is a species of tarantula spider found in the Western Ghats of India. It was the first of three members of the genus Annandaliella to be described, therefore the type species.
Selenocosmia is a genus of tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871. The genus is found in China, New Guinea, Indonesia, Australia, Indonesia, Myanmar, Malaysia, Laos, Vietnam, Philippines, India and Pakistan. They are commonly referred to as whistling or barking spiders, due to their ability to stridulate using lyra hairs.
Annandaliella is a genus of tarantulas that was first described by A. S. Hirst in 1909. As of December 2019 it contains three species endemic to India: A. ernakulamensis, A. pectinifera, and A. travancorica. They are selenogyrid tarantulas, meaning they have a stridulating organ on the inner side of the chelicerae.
Tarantulas comprise a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. As of December 2023, 1,100 species have been identified, with 166 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although many other members of the same infraorder (Mygalomorphae) are commonly referred to as "tarantulas" or "false tarantulas". Some of the more common species have become popular in the exotic pet trade. Many New World species kept as pets have setae known as urticating hairs that can cause irritation to the skin, and in extreme cases, cause damage to the eyes.
Theraphosa apophysis is a species of spider in the family Theraphosidae, found in Venezuela and Brazil.
Cyriopagopus is a genus of southeast Asian tarantulas found from Myanmar to the Philippines. As of March 2017, the genus includes species formerly placed in Haplopelma. It was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1887.
Euphrictus spinosus is a tarantula, subfamily Selenogyrinae, first described by A.S. Hirst in 1908. It is only known from the male, and from the Dja River, Cameroon.
The Selenogyrinae are a subfamily of tarantulas found in Africa and Asia.
Euphrictus squamosus is a tarantula in the Selenogyrinae subfamily. It is native to the Congo.
Annandaliella ermakulamensis is a species of tarantula in the subfamily Selenogyrinae. It is one of three species in the genus Annandaliella and the first to be described in 73 years. It is native to Ernakulam, Kerala State, India.
Bacillochilus is a monotypic genus of African tarantulas containing the single species, Bacillochilus xenostridulans. The genus and sole species were both described by R. C. Gallon in 2010, and is found in Angola. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "xénos" (ξενος), meaning "foreign" or "strange", and the Latin "stridulere", meaning "to creak". It is a reference to the unusual form of the stridulatory organ that distinguishes it from other members of the subfamily Harpactirinae.
Selenogyrus is a genus of spider, or more specifically, selenogyrine theraphosid. The type species is Selenogyrus caeruleus.
Trichopelma zebra is a species of ischnocoline tarantula that is known from Panama.
Chilobrachys is a genus of Asian tarantulas that was first described by Ferdinand Anton Franz Karsch in 1892. They are found in India, Myanmar, Malaysia, China, Vietnam, Thailand and Sri Lanka. They are usually medium or large-sized, and they can stridulate by using small spines present on the chelicerae.
Phlogiellus is a genus of tarantulas that was first described by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1897. They are found throughout Asia and Papua New Guinea, including Indonesia, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, China, Myanmar, Malaysia, Borneo, Thailand, the Solomon Islands and Taiwan. Phlogiellus is part Latin and part Greek, the first part being "φλóξ φλoγóϛ", meaning flame, the second part being "ellus" which is a latin diminutive suffix.
Selenogyrus caeruleus is a species of tarantula native to Sierra Leone.
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