REP(MUS) (Robotic Experimentation and Prototyping using Maritime Uncrewed Systems) is an annual experimentation exercise for Unmanned Maritime Systems organized and hosted by the Portuguese Navy, NATO and Faculty of Engineering - University of Porto, co-organized by the European Defence Agency, [1] with the participation of forces from foreign military forces, universities and tech companies. The exercise has the objective of testing different types of unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned surface vehicles, unmanned undersea vehicles, and unmanned ground vehicles. Today it is the largest UAV testing exercise, with the participation of several NATO countries. [2] [3] In recent years it has been the largest exercise for experimenting with unmanned vehicles in the world. [4]
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The REP(MUS)20 exercise was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and was replaced by two webinars. [13]
In this edition took part 11 ships, 21 Unmanned aerial vehicles, 32 Unmanned underwater vehicles and 12 Unmanned surface vehicles. [14]
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In the 2022 edition, there were 45 unmanned aerial vehicles, 40 unmanned underwater vehicles, 18 unmanned surface vehicles, and 17 military vessels present. It was attended by more than 2000 people from 25 countries, many of them from NATO, as well as companies and universities. [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24]
The exercise took place in September 2023 and was attended by more than 25 Navies, 8 NATO entities and more than 30 companies and universities dedicated to research and development in this area. [26] [27] [28]
The 2024 edition has more than 2000 participants from 30 countries. It´s the largest intentional drone exercise in the world, demonstrating the commitment and collaboration between the nations present for development, in set of these new technologies. [49]
Military participants
The Portuguese Armed Forces are the military of Portugal. They include the General Staff of the Armed Forces, the other unified bodies and the three service branches: Portuguese Navy, Portuguese Army and Portuguese Air Force.
A survey vessel is any type of ship or boat that is used for underwater surveys, usually to collect data for mapping or planning underwater construction or mineral extraction. It is a type of research vessel, and may be designed for the purpose, modified for the purpose or temporarily put into the service as a vessel of opportunity, and may be crewed, remotely operated, or autonomous. The size and equipment vary to suit the task and availability.
The Portuguese Navy, also known as the Portuguese War Navy or as the Portuguese Armada, is the navy of the Portuguese Armed Forces. Chartered in 1317 by King Dinis of Portugal, it is the oldest continuously serving navy in the world; in 2017, the Portuguese Navy commemorated the 700th anniversary of its official creation.
Standing NATO Maritime Group One (SNMG1) is one of NATO's standing naval maritime immediate reaction forces. SNMG1 consists of four to six destroyers and frigates. Its role is to provide NATO with an immediate operational response capability.
The Portuguese Marine Corps is the special operations capable amphibious force of the Portuguese Navy.
An unmanned surface vehicle, unmanned surface vessel or uncrewed surface vessel (USV), colloquially called a drone boat, drone ship or sea drone, is a boat or ship that operates on the surface of the water without a crew. USVs operate with various levels of autonomy, from remote control to fully autonomous surface vehicles (ASV).
Portugal–United States relations are bilateral relations between Portugal and the United States.
Liquid Robotics is an American marine robotics corporation that designs, manufactures and sells the Wave Glider, a wave and solar powered unmanned surface vehicle (USV). The Wave Glider harvests energy from ocean waves for propulsion. With this energy source, Wave Gliders can spend many months at a time at sea, collecting and transmitting ocean data.
The Fleet-class unmanned surface vessel, also called the Common Unmanned Surface Vessel (CUSV) and later the Mine Countermeasures Unmanned Surface Vehicle, is an unmanned surface vessel designed for the United States Navy to be deployed from Freedom and Independence-class littoral combat ships and intended to conduct mine and anti-submarine warfare missions. As of 2012 four units of the class have been built; the first was delivered to the U.S. Navy in 2008.
The AeroVironment RQ-20 Puma is an American unmanned aircraft system which is small, battery powered, and hand-launched. Its primary mission is surveillance and intelligence gathering using an electro-optical and infrared camera. It is produced by AeroVironment.
Sea Hunter is an autonomous unmanned surface vehicle (USV) launched in 2016 as part of the DARPA Anti-Submarine Warfare Continuous Trail Unmanned Vessel (ACTUV) program. The ship was christened 7 April 2016 in Portland, Oregon. It was designed and built by Leidos. The vessel continues the line of experimental "Sea" ships, including Sea Shadow, Sea Fighter, Sea Jet, and Sea Slice. Sea Hunter is classified as a Class III USV and designated the Medium Displacement Unmanned Surface Vehicle (MDUSV).
The JARI USV is an uncrewed surface vehicle developed by the China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation (CSIC), specifically between its No. 716 Research Institute, the Jiangsu Automation Research Institute (JARI), and No. 702 Research Institute, China Ship Scientific Research Centre (CSRRC). The uncrewed warship is designed for potential use for the People's Liberation Army Navy and export customers.
Apa (P-121) is a Amazonas-class offshore patrol vessel currently operated by the Brazilian Navy. She was originally named Scarborough (CG51) while she was being built for the Trinidad and Tobago Coast Guard.
UAVisionAeronautics is a company with more than 18 years of experience in the development of Unmanned aerial vehicles and subsystems. It initially focused on the development and manufacture of autopilots and communication systems. UAvision has provided UAS platforms in four continents operating in the most diverse environments. In addition to an important collaboration with the European Union and the Portuguese Armed Forces, the company is present in international markets, namely Brazil, Nigeria, Angola, South Korea, India, United Arab Emirates and Germany. UAvision has also participated in Exercise REP(MUS) since 2019.
NRP D. João II, also known as the Multifunctional Naval Platform, will be a multipurpose ship for the Portuguese Navy, capable of carrying out surveillance operations, oceanographic research, environmental and meteorological monitoring, as well as emergency evacuation missions. It is funded by the European Union’s Recovery and Resilience Fund (RRF) that is part of Next Generation EU.
Malloy Aeronautics is a British company which specialises in the research and development of heavy lift vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Based in Maidenhead, England, the company was founded in 2013 by Chris Malloy and has activities in the United Kingdom, United States and Australia. Its products include the T-series of heavy lift drones, which are primarily designed for logistics purposes, for private, commercial, military and government use. In the United States, its products are sold in partnership with SURVICE Engineering. In February 2024, the company was acquired by BAE Systems and merged into its FalconWorks division.
A drone carrier is a crewed or uncrewed ship equipped with a flight deck on which drones can take off and land. This ship can be civilian or military. In addition to drone carriers for unmanned aerial Vehicles, there are also others for unmanned underwater vehicles and unmanned surface vehicles.
The USV Suppressor is a type of unmanned surface vehicle under construction for the Brazilian Navy. Defined as a "Multi-purpose Unmanned Surface Vehicle" by EMGEPRON, the USV is intended for both civilian and military applications, ranging from hydrographic surveys and environmental monitoring to mine countermeasures, ISR and ASW roles.