Jan Mayen is a Norwegian volcanic island in the Arctic Ocean with no permanent population. It is 55 km (34 mi) long (southwest-northeast) and 373 km2 (144 sq mi) in area, partly covered by glaciers. It has two parts: larger northeast Nord-Jan and smaller Sør-Jan, linked by a 2.5 km (1.6 mi) wide isthmus. It lies 600 km (370 mi) northeast of Iceland, 500 km (310 mi) east of central Greenland, and 900 km (560 mi) northwest of Vesterålen, Norway. The island is mountainous, the highest summit being the Beerenberg volcano in the north. The isthmus is the location of the two largest lakes of the island, Sørlaguna and Nordlaguna. A third lake is called Ullerenglaguna. Jan Mayen was formed by the Jan Mayen hotspot and is defined by geologists as a microcontinent.
The Norwegian Polar Institute is Norway's central governmental institution for scientific research, mapping and environmental monitoring in the Arctic and the Antarctic. The NPI is a directorate under Norway's Ministry of Climate and Environment. The institute advises Norwegian authorities on matters concerning polar environmental management and is the official environmental management body for Norwegian activities in Antarctica.
The Greenland Sea is a body of water that borders Greenland to the west, the Svalbard archipelago to the east, Fram Strait and the Arctic Ocean to the north, and the Norwegian Sea and Iceland to the south. The Greenland Sea is often defined as part of the Arctic Ocean, sometimes as part of the Atlantic Ocean. However, definitions of the Arctic Ocean and its seas tend to be imprecise or arbitrary. In general usage the term "Arctic Ocean" would exclude the Greenland Sea. In oceanographic studies the Greenland Sea is considered part of the Nordic Seas, along with the Norwegian Sea. The Nordic Seas are the main connection between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans and, as such, could be of great significance in a possible shutdown of thermohaline circulation. In oceanography the Arctic Ocean and Nordic Seas are often referred to collectively as the "Arctic Mediterranean Sea", a marginal sea of the Atlantic.
Fridtjof Nansen was the first ship in the Norwegian armed forces to be built specially to perform coast guard and fishery protection duties in the Arctic. She saw service in the Second World War with the Royal Norwegian Navy until she ran aground on an unmarked shallow at Jan Mayen in November 1940.
Erik the Red's Land was the name given by Norwegians to an area on the coast of eastern Greenland occupied by Norway in the early 1930s. It was named after Erik the Red, the founder of the first Norse or Viking settlements in Greenland in the 10th century. The Permanent Court of International Justice ruled against Norway in 1933, and the country subsequently abandoned its claims.
Henry Marentius Rudi was a Norwegian trapper and polar bear hunter.
Henrik Mohn was a Norwegian astronomer and meteorologist. Although he enrolled in theology studies after finishing school, he is credited with founding meteorological research in Norway, being a professor at the Royal Frederick University and director of the Norwegian Meteorological Institute from 1866 to 1913.
Myggbukta, meaning "Mosquito Bay" in Norwegian, was a Norwegian whaling, meteorological and radio station located on the coast of Eastern Greenland in present-day King Christian X Land.
Kvadehuken is a cape at the northwestern corner of Brøggerhalvøya, located at the southwestern side of outlet of Kongsfjorden, in Oscar II Land on Spitsbergen, Svalbard. The name is a Norwegian spelling of Dutch: Quade hoek.
King Frederick VI Coast is a major geographic division of Greenland. It comprises the coastal area of Southeastern Greenland in Sermersooq and Kujalleq municipalities fronting the Irminger Sea of the North Atlantic Ocean. It is bordered by King Christian IX Land on the north and the Greenland Ice Sheet to the west.
Thorland is a peninsula in the King Frederick VI Coast, southeastern Greenland. It is a part of the Sermersooq municipality.
Fridtjof Nansen Land was a suggested but not officially adopted Norwegian name of a territory on the southern East Coast of Greenland, that was proclaimed by Norway on July 12, 1932, and occupied until April 5, 1933. It was named after Norwegian polar explorer Fridtjof Nansen. The short-lived territory occupied much of King Frederick VI Coast, which had been claimed a century before by the Danish crown.
Jonsbu was a Norwegian hunting and radio station located on the coast of Eastern Greenland in present-day King Christian X Land.
Torgilsbu was a Norwegian hunting, meteorological and radio station located on the King Frederick VI Coast, Southeastern Greenland.
Finnsbu was a Norwegian hunting, meteorological and radio station located on the King Frederick VI Coast, Southeastern Greenland.
Storfjord was a Norwegian hunting, meteorological and radio station ("Storfjord/LMR") located in King Christian IX Land, Eastern Greenland.
Arctic Trading Co. was a Norwegian company founded on 24 June 1929.
Graah Fjord, also known as Devold Fjord and Langenæs Fjord, is a fjord in King Frederick VI Coast, eastern Greenland.
Hallvard Ophuus Devold was a Norwegian Arctic explorer, trapper and meteorologist. He was instrumental in the attempt to establish Eric the Red's Land in 1931. His brother Finn Devold (1902–1977) shared his vision and helped to establish a Norwegian station at Finnsbu, SE Greenland.
