Flat-Coated Retriever

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Flat-Coated Retriever
Flat Coated Retriever - black.jpg
A black Flat-Coated Retriever
Common nicknames Flatcoat, Flattie
Flatte (Sweden), flatt (Sweden)
Origin United Kingdom
Traits
Weight Male 27–36 kg (60–79 lb) [1]
Female 25–32 kg (55–71 lb) [1]
Height Male 59–61.5 cm (23.2–24.2 in) [1]
Female 56.5–59 cm (22.2–23.2 in) [1]
Coat Glossy and smooth
Color Black and liver
Litter size 4 - 8 pups
Life span 8 - 10 years
Classification / standards
FCI Group 8, Section 1 Retrievers#121 standard
AKC Sporting standard
ANKC Group 3 (Gundogs) standard
CKC Group 1 - Sporting Dogs standard
KC (UK) Gundog standard
NZKC Gundog standard
UKC Gun Dogs standard
Domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris)

The Flat-Coated Retriever is a gundog breed originating from the United Kingdom. It was developed as a retriever both on land and in the water.

Dog breed group of closely related and visibly similar domestic dogs

Dog breeds are dogs that have relatively uniform physical characteristics developed by humans, with breeding animals selected for phenotypic traits such as size, coat color, structure, and behavior. The Fédération Cynologique Internationale recognizes 337 pure dog breeds.

United Kingdom Country in Europe

The United Kingdom, officially the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland but more commonly known as the UK or informally as Britain, is a sovereign country lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state‍—‌the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east, the English Channel to the south and the Celtic Sea to the south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of 242,500 square kilometres (93,600 sq mi), the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world. It is also the 22nd-most populous country, with an estimated 66.0 million inhabitants in 2017.

Retriever dog type

A retriever is a type of gun dog that retrieves game for a hunter. Generally gun dogs are divided into three major classifications: retrievers, flushing spaniels, and pointing breeds. Retrievers were bred primarily to retrieve birds or other prey and return them to the hunter without damage; retrievers are distinguished in that nonslip retrieval is their primary function. As a result, retriever breeds are bred for soft mouths and a great willingness to please, learn, and obey. A soft mouth refers to the willingness of the dog to carry game in its mouth without biting into it. "Hard mouth" is a serious fault in a hunting dog and is very difficult to correct. A hard-mouthed dog renders game unpresentable or at worst inedible.

Contents

Description

Appearance

The Flat-Coated Retriever breed standard calls for males to be 23–25 in (58–64 cm) tall at the withers, with a recommended weight of 6080 lb (2736 kg), [1] and for females to be 22–24 in (56–61 cm), with a recommended weight of 5575 lb (2534 kg). [1] [2] The Flat-Coated Retriever has strong muscular jaws and a relatively long muzzle. Its head is unique to the breed and is described as being "of one piece" with a minimal stop and a backskull of about the same length as the muzzle. It has almond-shaped, dark brown eyes with an intelligent, friendly expression. The ears are pendant, relatively small, and lie close to the head. The occiput (the bone at the back of the skull) is not to be accentuated (as it is in setters, for example) with the head flowing smoothly into a well-arched neck. The topline is strong and straight with a well-feathered tail of moderate length held straight off the back. This breed should be well-angulated front and rear, allowing for open, effortless movement. It is lighter, racier, and more elegant in appearance than the other retriever breeds.

A breed standard in animal fancy and animal husbandry is a set of guidelines which is used to ensure that the animals produced by a breeder or breeding facility conform to the specifics of the standardized breed.

Withers the ridge between the shoulder blades of an animal, typically a quadruped

The withers is the ridge between the shoulder blades of an animal, typically a quadruped. In many species, it is the tallest point of the body. In horses and dogs, it is the standard place to measure the animal's height. In contrast, cattle are normally measured to the top of the hips.

Flat-Coated Retrievers retrieve well on land or in the water. Flat Coated Retriever retrieving.jpg
Flat-Coated Retrievers retrieve well on land or in the water.

Temperament

The Flat-Coated Retriever is an active, multitalented bird dog with a strong desire to please people. [3] Exuberant, confident, and outgoing, they make a loving family pet and can be companions to small children, provided adults are nearby to direct this dog's boisterous enthusiasm. These retrievers require plenty of exercise and engagement to help channel their natural sporting energy. [4] The British Kennel Club recommendeds that owners provide dogs with at least 2 hours of exercise a day. [5] While they will protect their owners and property with an assertive bark, they are unlikely to back up such noise with actual aggression. [6] Because of their excellent sense of smell, combined with their boundless energy and eagerness to please their masters, they are sometimes used as drug-sniffer dogs. They are used in the breeding program for The Guide Dogs for the Blind Association in the UK, both as a breed and as cross-breeds with the Labrador Retriever [7]

Detection dog dog that is trained to use its senses to detect substances

A detection dog or sniffer dog is a dog that is trained to use its senses to detect substances such as explosives, illegal drugs, wildlife scat, currency, blood, and contraband electronics such as illicit mobile phones. The sense most used by detection dogs is smell. Hunting dogs that search for game, and search dogs that work to find missing humans are generally not considered detection dogs. There is some overlap, as in the case of cadaver dogs, trained to search for human remains. A police dog is essentially a detection dog that is used as a resource for police in specific scenarios such as conducting drug raids, finding missing criminals, and locating stashed currency.

The Guide Dogs for the Blind Association organization

The Guide Dogs for the Blind Association is a British charitable organisation founded in 1934.

Labrador Retriever Dog breed

The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a large type of retriever-gun dog. The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.

Eager and quick to learn, they are best trained in short intervals, as they may bore with repetition. The Flat-Coated Retriever is a slow maturing dog, as they do not reach full maturity until 3–5 years of age. Even then, these dogs retain their youthful, puppy-like outlook and demeanor well into old age. [3] Paddy Petch, author of The Complete Flat-Coated Retriever, refers to these dogs as the "Peter Pan" of the retriever breeds, given they never quite grow up. [6]

The Flat-Coated Retriever is a "natural" breed and enjoys partaking in "natural" activities such as rolling in feces, playing in mud, and digging. [3] These dogs are also "thinking" dogs, meaning they want to please but look for a way to bend the rules. [3] This characteristic helps with their hunting ability but only if they are bonded with their owner. These dogs will work for themselves or not at all if there is no motivation to work with the handler or dog-handler bond present. [3]

Black is the most common colour, but Flat-Coated Retrievers also occur in liver (dark brown) and yellow, although yellow is not allowed by the breed standard. Flat-Coated Retriever brown.jpg
Black is the most common colour, but Flat-Coated Retrievers also occur in liver (dark brown) and yellow, although yellow is not allowed by the breed standard.
Flat-Coated Retrievers love water. Flatcoated Retriever Image 001.jpg
Flat-Coated Retrievers love water.
After swimming WetMuddyFlatcoatCropped.jpg
After swimming

History

A typical Flat-Coated Retriever expression Flatcoat retriever 2.jpg
A typical Flat-Coated Retriever expression

Originating in the mid-19th century in England, the Flat-Coated Retriever gained popularity as a gamekeeper’s dog. Part of its ancestry is thought to have come from stock imported from North America from the now extinct St. John's water dog, but this is unverified. Canadian seafarers are thought to have brought Newfoundlands to British ports, and they factored into the ancestry of the Flat-Coated Retriever. Collie-type dogs may have been added to increase the breed's trainability along with the Newfoundland for strength and Setter blood for enhanced scenting ability. The first examples of the breed were introduced around 1860, but the final type was only established 20 years later. [8]

St. Johns water dog Dog breed

The St. John's water dog, also known as the St. John’s dog or the lesser Newfoundland, was a landrace of domestic dog from Newfoundland. Little is known of the types that went into its genetic makeup, although it was probably a random-bred mix of old English, Irish and Portuguese working dogs. They were favorite dogs of fishermen because they have extraordinary qualities like good temperament and working behavior. The number of St. John's water dogs started declining by the start of the 20th century. By the early 1980s, the variety was extinct.

Collie type of herding dog

Collies form a distinctive type of herding dogs, including many related landraces and standardised breeds. The type originated in Scotland and Northern England. Collies are medium-sized, fairly lightly built dogs, with pointed snouts. Many types have a distinctive white color over the shoulders. Collies are very active and agile, and most types of collies have a very strong herding instinct. Collie breeds have spread through many parts of the world, and have diversified into many varieties, sometimes mixed with other dog types. Some collie breeds have remained as working dogs for herding cattle, sheep, and other livestock, while others are kept as pets, show dogs or for dog sports, in which they display great agility, stamina and trainability. While the American Kennel Club has a breed they call "collie", in fact collie dogs are a distinctive type of herding dog inclusive of many related landraces and formal breeds. There are usually major distinctions between show dogs and those bred for herding trials or dog sports, the latter typically display great agility, stamina and trainability, and, more importantly, sagacity.

After its introduction into the U.S., the Flat-Coated Retriever began to quickly gain in popularity as a gun dog, and from 1873 when the breed became a "stable type" according to the American Kennel Club until 1915 when it was officially recognised as a breed, [9] their number grew rapidly. However, soon after, their popularity began to decrease, eclipsed by the Golden Retriever, which was actually bred in part from the Flat-Coated Retriever, along with other breeds[ citation needed ]. By the end of World War II, so few Flat-Coated Retrievers remained, the breed's survival was uncertain. However, beginning in the 1960s, careful breeding brought the population back and the breed gained in popularity again, for both the sport of conformation showing, and as a companion pet. Today, the Flat-Coated Retriever enjoys a modest popularity and is moving ahead as a breed through attentive breeding for the conformation, health, multipurpose talent, and exceptional temperament that are its hallmarks. It has yet to return in substantial numbers to field competition.

In 2011, 'Sh Ch. Vbos The Kentuckian' (aka Jet), a 9.5-year-old Flat-Coated Retriever from South Queensferry, near Edinburgh, Scotland, won Best in Show at Crufts. [10] Almanza Far and Flyg (a.k.a. Simon), from Oslo, Norway, won the Gundog Group at Crufts in 2007. [11] Before that in 2003, a Swedish dog 'Inkwells Named Shadow' had also won the Gundog Group. The last UK dog to win the Gundog Group at Crufts was "Sh Ch Gayplume Dream-maker" in 2002. The only other Flat-Coated Retriever to win Best in Show at Crufts was 'Ch. Shargleam Blackcap' in 1980. These wins have contributed to the breed's popularity in Europe and the United Kingdom.

Health

Regular tests and clearances for hereditary joint conditions such as hip dysplasia, deafness, and eye conditions such as progressive retinal atrophy and glaucoma should be conducted by breeders on any dogs used for breeding. Occasionally, epilepsy is also seen in the breed.

Flat-Coated Retrievers have a higher risk of cancer than most dogs. Hemangiosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and malignant histiocytosis are particularly devastating, and occur at higher rates in them than in many other breeds. According to studies sponsored by the Flat-Coated Retriever Society of America (FCRSA), [12] the average lifespan of the Flat-coated Retriever is only about eight years, [13] with a high percentage of deaths due to cancer. More recent surveys in Denmark and the UK show a median lifespan around 10 years. [14] A health survey of purebred dogs in the UK from 2010 showed approximately 50% of Flat Coated Retrievers death were due to some form of cancer. [15] [16]

Another more common affliction amongst Flat-Coated Retrievers is gastric dilatation and volvulus, otherwise known as bloat. [17] This is not specific to Flat-Coats but it is common due to their large size and deep chests. [17] If left untreated, the dog will die quickly. [17] Gastric dilatation and volvulus is responsible for 5% of all Flat-Coated Retriever deaths and around 20% of non-tumour related deaths. [18]

Flat-Coated Retrievers have a very low rate of hip dysplasia and luxating patellas compared to other medium-sized breeds; the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals statistics consistently show a rate of hip dysplasia in the breed of less than 3%. In the 1997 FCRSA health survey, 4.2% of males and 3.2% of females had been diagnosed with luxating patellae.

See also

Related Research Articles

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Gastric dilatation volvulus

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Vbos The Kentuckian

Sh Ch. Vbos the Kentuckian, also known as Jet, was a Flat-Coated Retriever show dog bred and handled by Jim Irvine who won Best in Show at Crufts in 2011. He was descended from the 1980 Best in Show winner, Ch. Shargleam Blackcap, and placed Best in Show at several other shows around the UK including the Gundog Society of Wales and the National Gundog Association.

References

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  2. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-11-22. Retrieved 2011-01-07.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "The Forever Adolescent Flat-Coat". Fcrsa.org. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
  4. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-01-18. Retrieved 2017-12-06.
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  7. "Guide Dogs National Breeding Centre - Our Breeds - Guide Dogs". Guidedogs.org.uk. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
  8. The Reader's Digest Illustrated Book of Dogs, 1982.
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  14. "Breed Data Summary". Users.pullman.com. Retrieved 11 December 2017.
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  18. "Gastric dilatation and Volvulus (GDV) – What is it and how can we prevent it?" (PDF). Flatcoated-retriever-society.org. Retrieved 12 December 2017.