Furman Street Line

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The Furman Street Line was a street railway line in Brooklyn, New York City, United States, running along Furman Street from Cobble Hill to Fulton Ferry.

Brooklyn Borough in New York City and county in New York state, United States

Brooklyn is the most populous borough of New York City, with an estimated 2,648,771 residents in 2017. Named after the Dutch village of Breukelen, it borders the borough of Queens at the western end of Long Island. Brooklyn has several bridge and tunnel connections to the borough of Manhattan across the East River, and the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge connects Staten Island. Since 1896, Brooklyn has been coterminous with Kings County, the most populous county in the U.S. state of New York and the second-most densely populated county in the United States, after New York County.

New York City Largest city in the United States

The City of New York, usually called either New York City (NYC) or simply New York (NY), is the most populous city in the United States and in the U.S. state of New York. With an estimated 2017 population of 8,622,698 distributed over a land area of about 302.6 square miles (784 km2), New York is also the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the world by urban landmass and one of the world's most populous megacities, with an estimated 20,320,876 people in its 2017 Metropolitan Statistical Area and 23,876,155 residents in its Combined Statistical Area. A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, tourism, art, fashion, and sports. The city's fast pace has inspired the term New York minute. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.

United States Federal republic in North America

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States or America, is a country composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles, the United States is the world's third or fourth largest country by total area and is slightly smaller than the entire continent of Europe's 3.9 million square miles. With a population of over 327 million people, the U.S. is the third most populous country. The capital is Washington, D.C., and the largest city by population is New York City. Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous in North America between Canada and Mexico. The State of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east and across the Bering Strait from Russia to the west. The State of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U.S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, stretching across nine official time zones. The extremely diverse geography, climate, and wildlife of the United States make it one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries.

History

When the Brooklyn City Rail Road was granted franchises in 1853, one of them was through Furman Street from Atlantic Avenue north to Fulton Ferry. [1] The City Railroad did not begin construction until late 1859; [2] it was claimed by one side that this was only done after the Brooklyn Central and Jamaica Railroad threatened (and later received permission) to build it, [3] [4] and by the other side that the City Railroad had delayed until it was clear that the Central Railroad would stop using steam propulsion to South Ferry (which happened September 30, 1861). [5] The line was opened by June 1860, [6] and the Central Railroad also used it from their track on Atlantic Avenue, [7] but only until September. [8]

In economics, a government-granted monopoly and the monopoly to be served under government is a form of coercive monopoly by which a government grants exclusive privilege to a private individual or firm to be the sole provider of a good or service; potential competitors are excluded from the market by law, regulation, or other mechanisms of government enforcement. As a form of coercive monopoly, government-granted monopoly is contrasted with a coercive monopoly or an efficiency monopoly, where there is no competition but it is not forcibly excluded.

South Ferry, Brooklyn

South Ferry was a ferry landing on the Brooklyn side of the East River, at the foot of Atlantic Avenue below the Brooklyn Heights neighborhood. It is now part of Brooklyn Bridge Park.

In October, the Board of Aldermen decided that neither company had the right to use the tracks, since the City Railroad had been given a completion deadline of December 1, 1857, and that if the two companies did not come to an agreement within five days, the Central Railroad would have the right to operate trains in Furman Street. [9] The City Railroad continued to operate [10] A compromise was finally agreed to in late February 1861, in which the City Railroad would allow the Central Railroad to use the Furman Street Line, and the Central Railroad would allow the City Railroad to cross it at Furman Street and Atlantic Avenue. [11] [12]

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References

  1. ↑ Brooklyn Daily Eagle, City Railroads - Report of the Railroad Committee, December 20, 1853, page 2
  2. ↑ Brooklyn Daily Eagle, Supreme Court, November 25, 1859, page 3
  3. ↑ Brooklyn Daily Eagle, The Fare on the City Railroads, December 28, 1859, page 2
  4. ↑ Brooklyn Daily Eagle, Common Council, May 1, 1860, page 2
  5. ↑ Brooklyn Daily Eagle, Office Brooklyn City Railroad Co., October 1, 1860, page 2
  6. ↑ Brooklyn Daily Eagle, City Railroads, June 2, 1860, page 3
  7. ↑ Brooklyn Daily Eagle, Obstructing City Railroads, August 30, 1860, page 3
  8. ↑ Brooklyn Daily Eagle, The Furman Street Railroad, September 29, 1860, page 3
  9. ↑ Brooklyn Daily Eagle, Board of Aldermen, October 23, 1860, page 2
  10. ↑ Brooklyn Daily Eagle, Special Notices, November 2, 1860, page 3
  11. ↑ Brooklyn Daily Eagle, All's Well that Ends Well, February 26, 1861, page 3
  12. ↑ Brooklyn Daily Eagle, The Railroad Difficulty Settled, March 18, 1861, page 3
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