 | This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations .(July 2015) |
Gardiner's sign list is a list of common Egyptian hieroglyphs compiled by Sir Alan Gardiner. It is considered a standard reference in the study of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs.
Contents
- Categories
- A. Man and his occupations
- B. Woman and her occupations
- C. Anthropomorphic deities
- D. Parts of the human body
- E. Mammals
- F. Parts of mammals
- G. Birds
- H. Parts of birds
- I. Amphibious animals, reptiles, etc.
- K. Fish and parts of fish
- L. Invertebrates and lesser animals
- M. Trees and plants
- N. Sky, earth, water
- O. Buildings, parts of buildings, etc.
- P. Ships and parts of ships
- Q. Domestics and funerary furniture
- R. Temple furniture and sacred emblems
- S. Crowns, dress, staves, etc.
- T. Warfare, hunting, and butchery
- U. Agriculture, crafts, and professions
- V. Rope, fiber, baskets, bags, etc.
- W. Vessels of stone and earthenware
- X. Loaves and cakes
- Y. Writings, games, music
- Z. Strokes, signs derived from Hieratic, geometrical figures
- Aa. Unclassified
- Unicode
- See also
- References
- Bibliography
- Further reading
- External links
Gardiner lists only the common forms of Egyptian hieroglyphs, but he includes extensive subcategories, and also both vertical and horizontal forms for many hieroglyphs. He includes size-variation forms to aid with the reading of hieroglyphs in running blocks of text. In contrast, for example, the Budge Reference has about 1,000 hieroglyphs listed in 50 pages, but with no size variations.
Gardiner does not cross-index signs; once put on the list, other significant uses may be overlooked. One example of this is 𓅒 G16, nbtỉ, the ideogram for the Two Ladies, goddesses Wadjet as the cobra and Nekhbet as the white vulture. These are the protective and patron goddesses of the separate Egyptian kingdoms that joined into ancient Egypt, who were both then displayed on the uraeus of Wadjet when the unification occurred and afterward considered jointly to be the protectors of Egypt and the pharaohs. This ideogram is listed only in the bird list (G), and overlooked on the deity list (C) and the reptile list (I).
Other subcategories included by Gardiner are abbreviations and personalized forms, and also a complete subset, used on papyrus, specifically for the Book of the Dead .
