Oro Bay
On 11 April 1943, Pirie was escorting the British supply ship SS Hanyang from Milne Bay to Oro Bay. [1] [10] The ships were 19 kilometres (10 nmi) from their destination when they were attacked by Japanese dive-bombers. [10] The first wave saw Hanyang's steering gear damaged, while Pirie was straddled by bombs but escaped effectively unharmed. [10] One dive-bomber was shot down by the corvette's retaliatory fire. [10] A second pass by the aircraft caused further damage to the merchantman. [10]
A Zero dived on Pirie, strafing the foredeck and the crew of the 12-pounder while the corvette's starboard Oerlikon shot back. [10] The bomber dropped two bombs: Pirie turned to port to avoid one, but moved directly under the other. [13] The bomb penetrated the armoured bridge canopy, deflected off the helmsman's station, killed the gunnery officer, then struck the foredeck plating and detonated, where it killed six of the seven men on the main gun. [1] [14] Had it not struck the bridge first, the bomb would likely had penetrated the magazine before detonating and destroying the entire ship. [14]
Pirie was strafed another three times before the Japanese planes were driven off by Allied fighters and anti-aircraft fire from the corvette. [1] [14] In addition to the seven crew killed in the attack, four were seriously wounded. [14] Japanese propaganda, describing the corvette as a destroyer, reported that she had been destroyed. [14] Three United States Army personnel aboard Pirie at the time (a chaplain and two officers) offered to bury the dead at sea. [14] The chaplain later recommended that the ship and her company receive bravery honours. [14] Both ships reached their destination.
After some repairs were effected at Oro Bay, HMAS Whyalla escorted Pirie back to Milne Bay. [14] Further temporary repairs were made, and on 14 April, the corvette sailed for Townsville in company with the sloop HMAS Swan, before continuing on alone to Maryborough, where she arrived on 19 April. [15]
Repairs and mutiny
During Mills' time in command, he had been a strict disciplinarian, required sailors to wear dress uniforms when going ashore, and over-enforced the division between officers and sailors. [16] Mills also treated both sailors and subordinate officers with contempt: as the only member of the Permanent Navy (as opposed to the Reserve or 'Hostilities Only' recruits), he considered himself superior to all else aboard. [16] The entire ship's company quickly came to dislike him, and any respect for him was further undermined during the air attack at Oro Bay: sailors had witnessed Mills dive for cover when the Japanese planes attacked, forcing the Coxswain to take over and fight. [17] Mills also took to wearing a sling, despite not being wounded. [15]
On coming alongside in Maryborough, the personnel of Pirie found that only some of their expected mail had arrived, and there was no sign of their pay. [15] A small number of sailors were allowed home on leave, but Mills ordered the rest to remain aboard the corvette while the foredeck was stripped off and replaced, which made living conditions in the already poor messdecks much worse: those aboard were exposed to the noise of repair work, tropical heat, and ankle-deep water in the living areas. [18] The commander himself moved ashore to a hotel, but visited the ship daily to take local dignitaries on tours and spoke of the attack. [19] Mills' wife had travelled to Maryborough, and the ship's men were expected to salute her as if she was a naval officer. [19] A complaint about the living conditions was made to the Coxswain to pass on to Mills, but the commander was uncompassionate. [20] Repairs were completed on 18 May, and Pirie sailed to Townsville to await reassignment. [21] An expected leave period before resuming duties did not eventuate. [21] The corvette was instructed to commence patrol and escort duties along Australia's east coast, to which Mills responded with bravado. [21] The signalman informed his shipmates of the response: some sailors later wrote that this was "the last straw". [21]
Pirie completed her first escort run in late May: she escorted two ships from Townsville to Sydney, then joined a convoy of fourteen merchant ships and five other corvettes back to Townsville. [21] The mood of the ship's company continued to deteriorate, and on 8 June, a large number of sailors met in the foremost messdeck. [19] A complaint about the living conditions was made to the coxswain to pass on to Mills, but the commander was uncompassionate. [22] They wanted to highlight their grievances and requests—a short period of shore leave while Pirie was inactive, their overdue mail to be sent to the ship, and their pay to be delivered—and resolved that the next morning, instead of reporting for duty, half the junior sailors and half the stokers would, instead of reporting for duty, "sit here and see what happens". [23] Older sailors and anyone above the rank of able seaman were not allowed to participate, so the corvette could deploy immediately if necessary and to ensure there were no repercussions for those who had families to support and might wish to continue their naval career after the war. [23]
The next morning, when the order to assemble for morning duties was piped, 45 men failed to respond, and asked to discuss their grievances with Mills. [23] Mills instructed the First Lieutenant and the Coxswain to order the sailors to the quarterdeck. [23] Each sailor was given a direct order, and when all had refused, they were deemed to be in a state of mutiny. [23] The sailors did not know how to proceed, so continued to sit and wait in the messdecks. [23] The Coxswain returned to collect a list of grievances, and was met by shouts from all sides, some of which had little or no connection to the sailors' original reasonings. [24] Another pipe, this time for all personnel to assemble aft, was made, and again, the 45 sailors stayed where they were. [24] Mills, who had received the list, informed those assembled how disappointed he was in the actions of the ship's company, then went ashore to meet with the Naval Officer in Charge (NOIC). [25] Although attending the midday meal, the 45 sailors did not report for afternoon duties, and it was not until 1720, with the NOIC aboard, that they obeyed an order to fall in with the rest of the ship's company on the aft quarterdeck. [26] During the afternoon, an armed guard was stationed on the dock alongside Pirie, and the ship's 12-pounder had been disabled. [23] After reading the relevant passages from the Articles of War, the NOIC instructed anyone unwilling to work to stand aside; nobody did. [26] The ship's company were informed that Pirie would sail for Cid Harbour that evening. [26]
On arrival at Cid Harbour early on 10 June, Mills was informed that a Board of Inquiry, consisting of senior officers from HMA Ships Australia and Hobart would be convened at 1100. [27] Twenty-four sailors were called before the Inquiry, and had to testify without formal representation. [27] As the Inquiry was unable to identify any ringleaders, the problem was handed back to Mills to deal with as he saw fit. [27] On 15 June, Mills summarily charged twelve men with joining a mutinous assembly (including one who had not participated), and two others with disobeying instructions to persuade the others to return to duty. [27] Ten were sent to Stuart's Creek Gaol for periods between 21 and 60 days, then assigned to other ships, while the other four were punished less severely and remained aboard. [28] This was despite the Articles of War prohibiting charges of mutiny being laid without a court martial, and no opportunity to defend themselves or request clemency was offered. [27] The sailors claimed that the decision to disobey orders had come from a consensus of frustration, and later theorised that those punished had either witnessed the commander's actions during the air attack, or were the ones most likely to speak up for themselves against Mills. [28]
The evidence collected by the Inquiry led the Australian Commonwealth Naval Board to conclude that Mills had failed to respond quickly and appropriately to the sailors' actions, and he was transferred to the training base HMAS Cerberus in December. [29] Pirie continued on convoy duties until sailing to Sydney for a refit in December. [30] During his final months in command, Mills attempted to reassert his authority through the use of increasingly frequent disciplinary punishments for minor breaches, such as failing to properly lash hammocks, or washing clothes in the wrong place. [31] Mills' replacement, Lieutenant Commander D. L. Thompson, noted a dramatic improvement in the attitude and discipline of the ship's company when he took command. [32]
Australia
Turkey
