HMS Excellent (shore establishment)

Last updated

HMS Excellent
Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg
Whale Island, Portsmouth, Hampshire in  England
Aerial photograph of Portsmouth Dockyard taken during a Photex, taken from 2,000 feet. MOD 45144949.jpg
An aerial photo of HMS Excellent during 2005. The red building is Navy Command Headquarters
HMS Excellent crest.jpg
Hampshire UK location map.svg
Red pog.svg
HMS Excellent
Location in Hampshire
Coordinates 50°49′09″N1°05′48.5″W / 50.81917°N 1.096806°W / 50.81917; -1.096806
Type Naval shore establishment
Area32 hectares (79 acres)
Site information
Owner Ministry of Defence
OperatorNaval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy
ConditionOperational
Website Official website
Site history
Built1885 (1885) – 1891
In use1891 – present
Garrison information
Current
commander
Commander Simon Turnbull

HMS Excellent is a Royal Navy "stone frigate" (shore establishment) sited on Whale Island near Portsmouth in Hampshire. HMS Excellent is itself part of the Maritime Warfare School, with a headquarters at HMS Collingwood, although a number of lodger units are resident within the site including the offices of the First Sea Lord. [1]

Contents

History

RN Gunnery School afloat

Whaley (later Whale) Island in 1833 Whale islandmap1833.png
Whaley (later Whale) Island in 1833

In the 1829 a Commander George Smith advocated the establishment of a Naval School of Gunnery; accordingly, the following year, the third-rate HMS Excellent was converted into a training ship and moored just north of Portsmouth Dockyard, opposite Fareham Creek. [2] Smith was given oversight and set up Excellent not only as a training establishment but also as a platform for experimental firing of new weapons (the creek was used as a firing range). In 1832 Smith was replaced in command by Captain Thomas Hastings, under whom the school grew both numerically and in reputation, as trained gunners began to prove their effectiveness in combat situations. In 1834 the original Excellent was replaced by the second rate HMS Boyne which was duly renamed Excellent. [3]

In 1845 Captain Henry Ducie Chads took over command of Excellent in succession to Hastings. He remained in post until 1854, by which time the Admiralty had purchased 'Whaley Island' (which at the time was little more than a sandbank). Chads was succeeded first by Captain Thomas Maitland and then, in 1857, by Richard Hewlett. In December 1859 the first-rate Queen Charlotte took over the role of gunnery training ship and was likewise renamed Excellent. [4]

In 1863 Hewlett was replaced by Captain Astley Cooper Key, who was in turn succeeded by Captain Arthur Hood some three years later. By this time, a rifle range had been established on the island for the use of HMS Excellent and the first building appeared there, the land having been somewhat drained and levelled. Under Hood's leadership a torpedo section was set up within the school; overseen by Commander Jacky Fisher (who would later return to Excellent as commanding officer), this was made a separate establishment, as HMS Vernon, in 1876. [5]

RN Gunnery School ashore

It was under Fisher's command, in the 1880s, that approval was given to move the gunnery school ashore, on to Whale Island. The initial proposal had come from a Lieutenant Percy Scott, who (having arrived to train as a gunnery lieutenant in 1878) initially used the island as a running track. The island had grown significantly in size since the 1850s: indeed, up until the early 1890s excavated spoil from the expansion of the Dockyard was routinely conveyed there, using convict labour, to build the island up. Scott returned to Excellent as an instructor in 1883 and took the opportunity to submit a detailed proposal to Fisher which was accepted. (Later in his career Scott was again posted to HMS Excellent on two occasions, returning first as Commander in 1890 and then as Captain of the establishment in the early 1900s.) [6]

HMS Excellent: the Quarterdeck Block (originally containing a gymnasium, lecture theatre, warrant officers' mess, church rooms and the Church of St Barbara). In the Navy, February 2022 2.jpg
HMS Excellent: the Quarterdeck Block (originally containing a gymnasium, lecture theatre, warrant officers' mess, church rooms and the Church of St Barbara).

The first buildings of the shore establishment were begun in 1885, including what is now known as the Quarterdeck Block. [7] Building work then continued alongside the tasks of draining and levelling the land (the site was known colloquially as 'Mud Island'). [8] By 1891 the whole operation had moved ashore and the old ship was paid off. Centred on a large open drill ground, the site includes the officers' mess in a range to the north with rows of barracks blocks for ratings (demolished and rebuilt c. 2010) arrayed behind. To the west, opposite the Quarterdeck, were long gun battery sheds; the long low drill shed to the south is a listed building (1892). [9] Firing training took place on the batteries and all different varieties of guns were kept on site for instruction on their maintenance and operation. During the 2 February 1901 funeral of Queen Victoria sailors from HMS Excellent provided an honour guard. When the horses of the Royal Artillery intended to pull the gun carriage that bore her coffin from Windsor railway station became unmanageable, the sailors took their place, for which King Edward VII conferred the Victoria medal upon them on 16 March, 1901 at Portsmouth, at the commencement of a world tour by the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York. [10] The Anti-Aircraft Experimental Section of the Munitions Inventions Department was based here from September 1916, [11] under Archibald Hill. [12] Later, full-sized dummy gun turrets were provided for training purposes. Seagoing training also took place up until 1957 on a series of battleships, cruisers and destroyers that were attached to the facility. From the late 1950s guided missile training was also provided. [8]

Whale Island in 1945 Whale Island, Hampshire map 1945.jpg
Whale Island in 1945

The Portsmouth Field Gun Crew, competing in the Royal Navy field gun competition at the Royal Tournament, used to be based at the site. [13] A small museum in the Quarterdeck block preserves artefacts from Excellent's days as a gunnery school; among them is the Royal Navy State Funeral Gun Carriage which is drawn by naval ratings at state funerals of monarchs and other distinguished UK citizens. [14]

Decommissioning and recommissioning

The Royal Navy's Fire Fighting Training Unit has been based at the northern tip of Whale Island since the 1990s. Royal Navy Firefighting school on Whale Island. - geograph.org.uk - 8158.jpg
The Royal Navy's Fire Fighting Training Unit has been based at the northern tip of Whale Island since the 1990s.

The gunnery school closed in 1985 whereupon HMS Excellent was decommissioned. The site then became part of HMS Nelson. [13]

The establishment was recommissioned as HMS Excellent in 1994 following the closure of the old HMS Phoenix in nearby Tipner and Horsea Island, and the relocation of the school of Fire Fighting and Damage Control from there to Whale Island. [13]

Captains of HMS Excellent

The following list goes as far as 1984. It shows the date of appointment, and rank and decorations held at the time. In some cases a captain held several sequential appointments. It does not show captains held on the books of the Excellent who were not commanding officers of Excellent.

List of captains [15]
NameDate of appointmentSources
Commander George Smith19 June 1830 [note 1]
Captain Sir Thomas Hastings 13 April 1832 [16] [17]
Captain Sir Thomas Hastings, Kt2 December 1834 [18]
Captain Sir Thomas Hastings, Kt3 June 1842 [19] [20]
Captain Henry D. Chads 28 August 1845 [21]
Captain Henry Ducie Chads, KB1 July 1847 [22]
Captain Henry Ducie Chads, KB1 July 1851 [23]
Captain Sir Thomas Maitland, KB 17 January 1854 [24]
Captain Richard S. Hewlett, CB29 June 1857 [25]
Captain Richard S. Hewlett, CB31 December 1859 [26]
Captain Astley C. Key, CB 30 June 1863 [27]
Captain Astley Cooper Key, CB1 January 1866 [28]
Captain Arthur W.A. Hood 3 September 1866 [29]
Captain Henry Boys13 July 1869 [30]
Captain Thomas Brandreth 18 May 1874 [31] [32] [33]
Captain Frederick A. Herbert1 January 1877 [34]
Captain John O. Hopkins 4 March 1880 [35]
Captain William Codrington, CB, AdC 21 June 1881 [36]
Captain John A. Fisher, CB 6 April 1883 [37]
Captain Compton E. Domvile, AdC 1 November 1886 [38]
Captain Hugo L. Pearson, ADC 12 June 1890 [39]
Captain Lewis A. Beaumont 12 June 1893 [40]
Captain Archibald L. Douglas 3 July 1894 [41]
Captain Edmund F. Jeffreys 9 November 1895 [42]
Captain William H. May, MVO 10 August 1897 [43]
Captain Arthur Barrow, AdC21 November 1900 [44]
Captain Percy M. Scott, CVO, CS, LL.D, AdC 1 April 1903 [45]
Captain Frederick T. Hamilton, MVO, AdC 6 March 1905 [46]
Captain Reginald G.O. Tupper, AdC. 15 July 1907 [47]
Captain Frederick C.T. Tudor, AdC. 18 August 1910 [48]
Captain Morgan Singer, AdC. 1 June 1912 [49]
Captain Cole C. Fowler19 August 1914 [50]
Captain H. Ralf Crooke23 May 1917 [51]
Captain Robert N. Bax CB13 June 1918 [52]
Captain Francis H. Mitchell DSO13 June 1920 [53]
Captain Arthur J. Davies18 August 1922 [54]
Captain Hon M.R. Best DSO MVO15 August 1924 [55]
Captain F.L. Tottenham CBE14 August 1926 [56]
Captain Charles A. Scott20 August 1928 [57]
Captain G.C.C. Royle CMG7 May 1930 [58]
Captain E.O.B.S. Osborne DSO ADC26 July 1932 [59]
Captain A. Francis Pridham18 July 1933 [60]
Captain Arthur J. Power CVO 3 October 1935 [61] [62]
Captain H.M. Burrough20 September 1937 [63]
Captain A.F.E. Palliser DSC19 December 1938 [64]
Captain Eric J.P. Brind15 May 1940 [65]
Captain Oliver Bevir28 November 1940 [66] [67] [68]
Captain H.A. Packer15 June 1941 [69]
Captain R.D. Oliver CB DSC15 January 1943 [70]
Captain W.G. Agnew CB DSO23 February 1944 [71]
Captain W.R. Slayter CB DSO DSC3 September 1945 [72]
Captain P.V. McLaughlin DSO7 January 1947 [73]
Captain S.H. Carlill DSO5 January 1949 [74]
Captain Robert F. Elkins OBE11 April 1950 [75] [76]
Captain Varyl C. Begg DSC 12 April 1952 [77] [78]
Captain A. Davies1954
Captain W.F.H.C. Rutherford DSO11 March 1954 [79]
Captain R. Casement OBE2 January 1956 [80]
Captain H.C. Martell CBE21 January 1958 [81]
Captain J.S. Dalglish CVO7 September 1959 [82]
Captain John G. Wells DSC3 August 1961 [83]
Captain H.H. Dannreuther8 February 1963 [84] [85]
Captain Arthur M. Power MBE 15 October 1964 [86]
Captain W.J.M. Teale31 August 1966 [87]
Captain G.R. Villar DSC10 January 1969 [88]
Captain P.D. Nichol11 November 1970 [89]
Captain R.S. Falconer18 September 1972 [90]
Captain M.C.M. Mansergh28 October 1974 [91]
Captain Peter Lucas15 October 1976 [92]
Captain Richard K.S. Bethell OBE10 October 1978 [93]
Captain J.J. Streatfeild-James1980? [94]
Captain J.T. Lord CBE1982? [95] [96] [97]

Elements within the site

HMS Bristol alongside Whale Island. HMS Bristol alongside Whale Island-1.JPG
HMS Bristol alongside Whale Island.

Maritime Warfare School elements within the site are: [98]

HMS Excellent also provides administrative and infrastructure support to the Maritime Warfare School elements at Defence Diving School, Horsea Island, and small arms ranges at Tipner.

Lodger units

Lodger units are:

Cadets

HMS Excellent is home to a number of Royal Navy cadet units:

Notes

  1. Supernumerary commander on the books of HMS St Vincent at Portsmouth Navy List corrected to the 20th December 1830, p. 79

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References

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