Hasan Khan Mewati | |||||||||
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Shaheed, Raja, Wali | |||||||||
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9th Shah-e-Mewat | |||||||||
Reign | 1504 – 1527 | ||||||||
Predecessor | Khanzada Alawal Khan | ||||||||
Successor | Post Abolished Babur (as Mughal Empire) Sher Shah Suri (as Sur Empire) | ||||||||
Born | Alwar, Mewat (present-day Rajasthan, India) | ||||||||
Died | Khanwa (present-day Rajasthan, India) | 16 March 1527||||||||
Burial | Rajasthan, India | ||||||||
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Hindi | हसन खां मेवाती | ||||||||
Urdu | حسن خاں میوات | ||||||||
House | Khanzada Rajputs | ||||||||
Dynasty | Wali-e-Mewat dynasty | ||||||||
Father | Khanzada Alawal Khan | ||||||||
Religion | Sunni Islam |
Raja Hasan Khan Mewati (died 17 March 1527) was a Muslim Khanzada Rajput ruler of Mewat. [1] [2] [3] The son of previous ruler Raja Alawal Khan, his dynasty had ruled Mewat State for nearly 200 years. He was a descendant of Raja Nahar Khan Mewati, who was the Wali of Mewat in 14th century.
He was the Rajput chieftain whose ancestors had been ruling the region of Mewat for almost two centuries and had declared himself as a sovereign king. Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire had stated that Hasan Khan Mewati was the leader of the ‘Mewat country’. He joined the Rajput Confederation with 5,000 allies in the Battle of Khanwa, where he was killed in the battle by Mughal forces led by Babur. He also re-constructed the Alwar fort in 15th century. [4]
Hasan Khan Mewati played a significant role in two crucial battles: the Battle of Panipat and the Battle of Khanwa.
Hasan Khan Mewati supported Ibrahim Lodi, the Sultan of Delhi, in the first Battle of Panipat, which took place in 1526. This battle was a pivotal conflict between the Mughal Empire, led by Babur, and the Sultanate of Delhi, led by Ibrahim Lodi. In this battle, Babur emerged victorious, and Lodi lost his life. During the conflict, Babur took Hasan Khan Mewati's son as a hostage. Despite the defeat, Hasan Khan Mewati did not yield to the foreign invader. Following the Battle of Panipat, Hasan Khan Mewati aligned himself with Rana Sanga to continue the fight against Babur and the Mughal Empire.
The Battle of Khanwa occurred on March 15, 1527, between Rana Sanga of Mewar and Babur. At this time, Hasan Khan Mewati's patriotism and bravery had earned him a reputation as a fierce warrior. Hasan Khan Mewati, once again, supported Rana Sanga in this battle. When Rana Sanga was struck by an arrow and fell from his elephant, the Mewati king took charge of the commander's flag and led the attack against Babur's forces. Hasan Khan Mewati displayed tremendous valor as he, along with his 12 thousand horse soldiers, fiercely confronted Babur's army. They were initially successful and seemed to be overpowering the Mughal forces. Unfortunately, during the battle, Hasan Khan Mewati was struck by a cannonball that hit his chest. Despite his bravery and resilience, this injury proved fatal, and Hasan Khan Mewati lost his life in the midst of the battle. [5]
Babur was the founder of the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent. He was a descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan through his father and mother respectively. He was also given the posthumous name of Firdaws Makani.
Sangram Singh I, commonly known as Rana Sanga, was the Rana of Mewar from 1508 to 1528 CE. A member of the Sisodia dynasty, he controlled parts of present-day Rajasthan, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh with his capital at Chittor.
The Lodi dynasty was the ruling dynasty of the Sultanate of Delhi from 1451 to 1526. It was the fifth and final dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate, and was founded by Bahlul Khan Lodi when he replaced the Sayyid dynasty.
Mewat is a historical and cultural region which encompasses parts of the modern-day states of Haryana, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh in northwestern India.
The Battle of Khanwa was fought at Khanwa on 16 March 1527. It was fought between the invading Timurid forces of Babur and the Rajput Confederation led by Rana Sanga for supremacy of Northern India. The battle was a major event in Medieval Indian history although Timurids won at Panipat but at the time, the sultanate at Delhi was a spent force that was long crumbling. To the contrary, Kingdom of Mewar under the able rule of Rana Sanga, had turned into one of the strongest powers of northern India. Therefore, the battle was among the most decisive battles in the Mughal conquest of northern India. It was among the earliest battles in Northern India where gunpowder was used to a great extent. The battle resulted in heavy casualties for both Timurids and Rajputs.
Muslim Rajputs or Musalman Rajpoots are the descendants of Rajputs in the northern regions of the Indian subcontinent who generally are followers of Islam. Reportedly, they converted from Hinduism to Islam from the medieval period onwards, creating various dynasties and states while retaining Hindu surnames such as Chauhan. Today, Muslim Rajputs can be found mostly in present-day Northern India and Pakistan. They are further divided into different clans.
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The history of human settlement in the western Indian state of Rajasthan dates back to about 100,000 years ago. Around 5000 to 2000 BCE many regions of Rajasthan belonged as the site of the Indus Valley Civilization. Kalibangan is the main Indus site of Rajasthan, here fire altars have been discovered, similar to those found at Lothal.
Events from the year 1527 in India.
The Mughal–Rajput wars were a series of battles between the Rajput Confederacy and the Mughal Empire. The conflicts originated with the invasion of northwestern India by the Mughal ruler Babur, to which the head of the Rajput confederacy, Rana Sanga, offered staunch resistance. The conflicts went on since 1526 for over 200 years, with the Mughals having the upper hand until the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, following which they entered a declining phase and the Rajputs gained the upper hand, with the last recorded conflict being in 1779.
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Medini Rai was a Rajput leader of eastern-Malwa. He ruled much of the Malwa under the lordship of Rana Sanga, who helped him in defeating Sultan of Malwa and conquering Malwa, Chanderi was his capital.
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The Mewat State was a sovereign kingdom ruled by the Khanzadas of Mewat. They were a ruling dynasty of Muslim Rajputs from Rajputana who had their capital at Alwar. The Khanzadas were Muslim Rajputs who descended from Raja Sonpar Pal who was a Rajput who converted to Islam during the period of the Delhi Sultanate in India.
Raja Prithviraj Singh I, also known as Prithvi Singh I, was the 16th-century Kachwaha Rajput ruler of Kingdom of Amber. He was a monarch of strong religious inclinations and during his reign, the Kingdom of Amber became increasingly politically active. He took part in the Rajput alliance against Mughal Emperor Babur, fighting against the latter in the Battle of Khanwa alongside Rana Sanga of Mewar in the year 1527. Three of Raja Prithviraj's sons successively followed him as ruler of Amber, with many of his descendants also populating the kingdom's highest aristocracy in subsequent centuries.
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Haridas Kesaria or Haridas Mahiyaria was a 16th-century Mewar chieftain, warrior and poet from Rajasthan. In the Battle of Gagron in 1519, he fought alongside the Mewar army led by Rana Sanga, capturing and imprisoning the Sultan Mahmud Khalji II of Malwa, thus quickly ending the war. He was a close friend of Rana Sanga, participating in many battles and campaigns of Mewar kingdom. He fought as a commander in many battles including Battle of Khatoli, Battle of Gagron, Battle of Dholpur, Rana Sanga's invasion of Gujarat, Battle of Bayana and Battle of Khanwa in which he sacrificed his life on the battlefield while defending Rana Sanga.