The Chao Phraya is the major river in Thailand, with its low alluvial plain forming the centre of the country. It flows through Bangkok and then into the Gulf of Thailand.
The Ganges shark is a critically endangered species of requiem shark found in the Ganges River and the Brahmaputra River of India and Bangladesh. It is often confused with the more common bull shark, which also inhabits the Ganges River and is sometimes incorrectly referred to as the Ganges shark. The genus is currently considered to contain three recent species; genetic evidence has shown that both the Borneo river shark and Irrawaddy river shark should be regarded as synonyms of the Ganges shark, expanding the range of the species to Pakistan, Myanmar, Borneo, and Java. While the other members of the genus Glyphis occur in coastal marine waters as well as rivers, the Ganges shark is found only in fresh water, making it the world's only exclusively freshwater shark. The species remains poorly known and very rare.
Hemiculter is a genus of cyprinid fish, consisting of eight species native to fresh water of eastern Asia. The type species is the sharpbelly, Culter leucisculus. The name is derived from the Greek word hemis, meaning "half", and the Latin word culter, meaning "knife".
The sharpbelly or wild carp, sharpbelly, or common sawbelly, is a tropical freshwater and brackish water fish belonging to the Cultrinae subfamily of the family Cyprinidae. It originates in large streams and reservoirs in China, Taiwan, Japan, Hong Kong, Korea, and the Amur River basin. It has become established as an exotic species in several other countries, including Iran, Afghanistan, and the former Soviet Union, where it has displaced local species. It was originally described as Culter leucisculus by S. Basilewsky in 1855, and has also been referred to as Chanodichthys leucisculus and Hemiculter leucisculus warpachowskii in scientific literature.
Hemiculter bleekeri is a temperate freshwater fish belonging to the Cultrinae subfamily of the family Cyprinidae. It originates in the Amur River, Yangtze River, and the Yellow River basins in China. It was originally described by N. A. Warpachowski in 1887 but it may be a junior synonym of Ussuri sharpbelly.
Hemiculter elongatus is a tropical freshwater fish belonging to the Cultrinae subfamily of the family Cyprinidae. It is known only from the Ky Cùng River in Lang Son Province, northern Vietnam. It was originally described by Nguyen & Ngo in 2001.
The marbled whipray is a little-known species of stingray in the family Dasyatidae, native to several freshwater rivers in Southeast Asia. This species has an oval pectoral fin disc with an elongated, pointed snout and a very long, whip-like tail without fin folds. It is characterized by numerous heart-shaped dermal denticles and tubercles on its upper surface, as well as a reticulated pattern of brown blotches on a light background. The maximum recorded disc width is 36 cm (14 in). The marbled whipray has been assessed as Endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN); it is heavily threatened by fishing and habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation.
Trigonostigma somphongsi is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Trigonostigma. It is endemic to Thailand. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Poropuntius krempfi is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Poropuntius from the Red River drainage in Vietnam and Yunnan, and from the Ma River drainage in Vietnam and Laos.
The predatory carp, also known as the redfin culter or skygazer, is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Chanodichthys. This East Asian freshwater cyprinid ranges from the Amur River south to Taiwan and the Red River, as well as Lake Buir in Mongolia. It reaches 102 cm in length and 9 kg (20 lb) in weight.
Schistura alticrista is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Schistura. This stone loach has only been recorded in the basin of the Nam Mae Yuam, a tributary of the Salween River in Mae Hong Son Province, north west Thailand. It has been reported that this species has been recorded in the Salween mainstream near the inflow of the Nam Mae Yuam. The habitat from which the species has been collected is small streams over a substrate of pebbles. This fish is harvested by subsistence fisheries. Species in the genus Schistura are omnivores although the majority of their diet is animal matter such as zooplankton, insects, worms and crustaceans with small amounts of plant material and detritus. S. alticrista is occasionally traded in the aquarium trade.
Schistura antennata is a species of ray-finned fish in the stone loach genus Schistura. It is found in very small, steep streams in forested mountains with rocky substrates and waterfalls, although it avoids riffles and waterfalls and is restricted to reaches with a moderate flow. It has only been recorded from the headwaters of the River Lam drainage in Ha Tinh Province in central Vietnam.
Nemacheilus yingjiangensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Nemacheilus, although some authorities place it in the genus Schistura. The species has only been recorded from the Daying River, a tributary of the Irrawaddy River in Yingjiang County, Yunnan Province, China.
Abbottina binhi is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Abbottina. It is endemic to the Bằng River in Cao Bằng Province, Vietnam. It is only known from its type series.
Hemiculter songhongensis is a species of Cyprinid fish in the genus Hemiculter.
Hemiculter tchangi is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Hemiculter which has been recorded only from the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in Sichuan.
Hemiculter varpachovskii is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Hemiculter from the Khalkh River and Lake Buir in Mongolia and Lake Hulun in China. It may also occur in the upper drainage of the Argun River in Russia and China.
The Ussuri sharpbelly is a temperate freshwater fish belonging to the subfamily Cultrinae of the family Cyprinidae. It originates in the Amur River basin in Asia. It was originally described as Culter lucidus by B. I. Dybowski in 1872, and has also been referred to as Hemiculter leucisculus lucidus in scientific literature.
The Cultrinae are one of at least 13 subfamilies of cyprinid fish. It contains ten genera.
