Hoeam Line

	Hoeam Line
Chosŏn'gŭl	회암선
Hancha	灰岩線
Revised Romanization	Hoeam-seon
McCune–Reischauer	Hoeam-sŏn

Hoeam Line
Overview
Other name(s)	Ao Line (아오선 (阿梧線)); Obong Line (오봉선(梧鳳線))
Native name	회암선(灰岩線)
Type	Heavy rail,; Regional rail, Freight rail
Status	Operational
Locale	North Hamgyŏng
Termini	Haksong ; Obong
Stations	4
Operation
Opened	9 September 1938 (Aoji−Hoeam); 14 September 1942 (Hoeam−Obong)
Owner	Chosen Coal Industry Co. Railway (1938–1945); Korean State Railway (since 1945)
Technical
Line length	10.4 km (6.5 mi)
Number of tracks	Single track
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Route map
	Legend

Last updated April 07, 2019

The Hoeam Line is a 10.4 km (6.5 mi) non-electrified secondary line of the Korean State Railway in Kyŏnghŭng County, North Hamgyŏng province, North Korea, running from Haksong on the Hambuk Line to Obong.^[1]

The Korean State Railway is the operating arm of the Ministry of Railways of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and has its headquarters at P'yŏngyang. The current Minister of Railways is Jang Hyuk, who has held the position since 2015.

Kyŏnghŭng County is a kun, or county, in North Hamgyong province, North Korea. Formerly known as Ŭndŏk County, from 1977 to 2010.

North Hamgyong Province is the northernmost province of North Korea. The province was formed in 1896 from the northern half of the former Hamgyong Province.

History

After the Chosen Synthetic Oil Company opened a large factory in Aoji-ri (now Haksong-ri) in 1937^[2] to produce synthetic oil from the bituminous coal mined in the area,^[3] the Chosen Coal Industry Company built a railway line, called the Ao Line, to connect its mines to the chemical factory and to the South Manchuria Railway's North Chosen East Line, opening the first 5.9 km (3.7 mi) section from Aoji to Hoeam for passenger and freight service on 9 September 1938.^[4] The line was then extended, with a new 4.5 km (2.8 mi) section from Hoeam to Sinaoji (now called Ŭndŏk) and Obong opened on 14 September 1942.^[5]

The Aoji-ri Chemical Complex is a large industrial complex in Haksong-ri, Kyŏnghŭng county, South P'yŏngan province, North Korea, which produces about 51 different products, including methane, ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate, and coal tar derivatives. It also allegedly produces blood agents and vomiting agents, including Adamsite.

Synthetic oil is a lubricant consisting of chemical compounds that are artificially made. Synthetic lubricants can be manufactured using chemically modified petroleum components rather than whole crude oil, but can also be synthesized from other raw materials. The base material, however, is still overwhelmingly crude oil that is distilled and then modified physically and chemically. The actual synthesis process and composition of additives is generally a commercial trade secret and will vary among producers.

Bituminous coal or black coal is a relatively soft coal containing a tarlike substance called bitumen or asphalt. It is of higher quality than lignite coal but of poorer quality than anthracite. Formation is usually the result of high pressure being exerted on lignite. Its coloration can be black or sometimes dark brown; often there are well-defined bands of bright and dull material within the seams. These distinctive sequences, which are classified according to either "dull, bright-banded" or "bright, dull-banded", is how bituminous coals are stratigraphically identified.

Following the partition of Korea, the entirety of the Ao Line was located in the Soviet zone of occupation. The Provisional People’s Committee for North Korea nationalised all railways in the northern half of the country on 10 August 1946, and following the establishment of North Korea, the Korean State Railway was created.^[6] After the town of Aoji was renamed to Haksong, the line was given its current name.

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991. Nominally a union of multiple national Soviet republics, its government and economy were highly centralized. The country was a one-party state, governed by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital in its largest republic, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Other major urban centres were Leningrad, Kiev, Minsk, Alma-Ata, and Novosibirsk. It spanned over 10,000 kilometres east to west across 11 time zones, and over 7,200 kilometres north to south. It had five climate zones: tundra, taiga, steppes, desert and mountains.

Day of the Foundation of the Republic is the Republic Day and National day of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, held on 9 September.

Route

A yellow background in the "Distance" box indicates that section of the line is not electrified.

Distance (Total; km)	Distance (S2S; km)	Station Name (Transcribed)	Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl (Hanja))	Former Name (Transcribed)	Former Name (Chosŏn'gŭl (Hanja))	Connections
0.0	0.0	Haksong	학송 (鶴松)	Aoji	아오지 (阿吾地)	Hambuk Line
5.9	5.9	Hoeam	회암 (灰岩)
7.5	1.6	Ŭndŏk	은덕 (恩徳)	Sinaoji	신아오지 (新阿吾地)
10.4	2.9	Obong	오봉 (梧鳳)

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References

↑ Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), p. 93 ISBN 978-4-10-303731-6
↑ Aoji-ri Chemical Complex
↑ 북한 아오지 탄광과 석유화학공업(1편)
↑ 朝鮮總督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 3505, 20 September 1938 (in Japanese)
↑ 朝鮮總督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 4695, 14 September 1942 (in Japanese)
↑ Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), p. 131, ISBN 978-4-10-303731-6

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[Hayato-1] Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), p. 93 ISBN 978-4-10-303731-6

[nti-2] Aoji-ri Chemical Complex

[bemil-3] 북한 아오지 탄광과 석유화학공업(1편)

[Showa3505-4] 朝鮮總督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 3505, 20 September 1938 (in Japanese)

[Showa4695-5] 朝鮮總督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 4695, 14 September 1942 (in Japanese)

[Hayato2-6] Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), p. 131, ISBN 978-4-10-303731-6

Hoeam Line

Contents

History

Route

Related Research Articles

References