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The Dytiscidae – based on the Greek dytikos (δυτικός), "able to dive" – are the predaceous diving beetles, a family of water beetles. They occur in virtually any freshwater habitat around the world, but a few species live among leaf litter. The adults of most are between 1 and 2.5 cm (0.4–1.0 in) long, though much variation is seen between species. The European Dytiscus latissimus and Brazilian Megadytes ducalis are the largest, reaching up to 4.5 cm (1.8 in) and 4.75 cm (1.9 in) respectively. In contrast, the smallest is likely the Australian Limbodessus atypicali of subterranean waters, which only is about 0.9 mm (0.035 in) long. Most are dark brown, blackish, or dark olive in color with golden highlights in some subfamilies. The larvae are commonly known as water tigers due to their voracious appetite. They have short, but sharp mandibles and immediately upon biting, they deliver digestive enzymes into prey to suck their liquefied remains. The family includes more than 4,000 described species in numerous genera.
Graphoderus is a genus of beetle in family Dytiscidae native to the Holarctic.
Megadytes is a genus of diving beetles in the family Dytiscidae. They are found in slow-moving or static freshwater habitats throughout most of the Neotropics, ranging from Florida and Mexico, through the West Indies and Central America, to South America as far south as central Argentina. The adult beetles measure about 1.65–4.75 cm (0.6–1.9 in) long depending on the exact species and the largest is also the largest in the family.
Acilius is a holarctic genus of diving beetles in the family Dytiscidae and typically has a life cycle that is univoltine.
Aethionectes is a genus of beetles in the family Dytiscidae found in sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar.
Rhantaticus congestus is a species of beetle in the family Dytiscidae, the only species in the genus Rhantaticus. The current definition of R. congestus makes it one of the most widespread dytiscid species in the world, found throughout much of Africa, the Middle East, India, Southeast Asia, and the Philippines to Australia. However, the definition of the genus containing a single species may change as it becomes better understood.
Sandracottus is a genus of beetles in the family Dytiscidae. These aquatic beetles are found in ponds and slow streams from South Asia east to southern Japan, and south to Australia. They are generally about 1–1.5 cm (0.4–0.6 in) long and often have distinctive markings.
Austrodytes is a genus of beetles in the family Dytiscidae found only in northern Australia. The genus contains these two species:
Onychohydrus is a genus of beetles in the family Dytiscidae. The genus is found in Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand's North Island. The genus consists of these two species:
Spencerhydrus is a genus of beetles in the family Dytiscidae. The genus is found only in southern Australia and contains the following two species:
Sternhydrus is a genus of beetles in the family Dytiscidae. They are found in Australia, New Guinea, and Buru Island. The genus contains the following four species:
Madaglymbus apicalis is a species of diving beetle. It is part of the genus Madaglymbus in the subfamily Copelatinae of the family Dytiscidae. It was described by Fairmaire in 1898. Madaglymbus apicalis is distributed along the coastlines of much of Africa.
Copelatus haemorrhoidalis is a species of diving beetle. It is part of the genus Copelatus in the subfamily Copelatinae of the family Dytiscidae. It was described by Régimbart in 1883.
Exocelina subjecta is a species of diving beetle. It is part of the genus Exocelina in the subfamily Copelatinae of the family Dytiscidae. It was described by David Sharp in 1882.
Exocelina cheesmanae is a species of diving beetle. It is part of the genus Exocelina in the subfamily Copelatinae of the family Dytiscidae. It was described by J. Balfour-Browne in 1939.
Copelatus ilybioides is a species of predaceous diving beetle in the family Dytiscidae. It is found in Africa.
Madaglymbus unguicularis is a species of diving beetle. It is part of the subfamily Copelatinae of the family Dytiscidae. It was described by Régimbart in 1903.
Copelatinae is a subfamily of diving beetles, in the family Dytiscidae. The subfamily contains seven genera: Agaporomorphus, Aglymbus, Copelatus, Exocelina, Lacconectus, Liopterus, and Madaglymbus. Of these, the largest is Copelatus, which has about 470 described species found worldwide, but most diverse in tropical South America, Africa and South-East Asia.
Hydroporinae is a subfamily of predaceous diving beetles in the family Dytiscidae. There are at least 2,200 described species in Hydroporinae.
Neobidessodes is a genus of predaceous diving beetles in the family Dytiscidae. There are about 10 described species in Neobidessodes. They are found in Australasia. The genus was first described in 2009, and the type species is N. denticulatus.
References
- ↑ Nilsson, Anders N.; Hájek, Jiří (2021). "A World Catalogue of the Family Dytiscidae or the Diving Beetles (Coleoptera, Adephaga)" (PDF) (1.I.2021 ed.).
- ↑ Miller, K.B.; J. Bergsten (2016). Diving Beetles of the World: Systematics and Biology of the Dytiscidae. pp. 131–132. ISBN 978-1-4214-2054-7.
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