| Hyloxalus pulchellus | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Dendrobatidae |
| Genus: | Hyloxalus |
| Species: | H. pulchellus |
| Binomial name | |
| Hyloxalus pulchellus (Jiménez de la Espada, 1875) | |
| Synonyms | |
Phyllodromus pulchellumJiménez de la Espada, 1875 Contents | |
Hyloxalus pulchellus is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae from the Andes of northern Ecuador and southern Colombia. [2] [3] [4] [5]
Hyloxalus pulchellus is found in the inter-Andean páramos of northern Ecuador and adjacent southern Colombia (Nariño, Cauca, [2] [5] [4] and Putumayo Departments [4] ) and on the eastern slopes of the Andes from southern Colombia south in Ecuador to the headwaters of the Pastaza River. [2] [3] Its altitudinal range is 1,590–2,970 m (5,220–9,740 ft) asl; at the higher end of this range it is the only frog species of this kind. [5]
The frog's range includes many protected parks: Parque Nacional Sumaco Napo-Galeras, Reserva Ecológica Antisana, Parque Nacional Llanganates, Reserva Ecológica Cayambe-Coca, Bosque Protector Sierra Azul, and more in Colombia. [1]
Males measure 17–22 mm (0.67–0.87 in) and females 20–24 mm (0.79–0.94 in) in snout–vent length. Dorsum is dark brown with diffuse greenish tint. It has an oblique lateral stripe extending to eye, cream with iridescent golden tint in colour and sometimes edged with brown or black. [3] [5]
Male frogs call in or from under grass. The call is a buzz emitted 72 times during 4 minutes. [3]
Its natural habitats are dry and humid montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss, possibly also climate change and chytridiomycosis. It has disappeared from many sites in Ecuador but remains common in Colombia. [1] [5]
The IUCN classifies this frog as near threatened. It suffers from habitat loss associated with the construction of human habitation and roads, logging, and the introduction of non-native predatory fish. There was a large die-off of these frogs during the 1990s, but it is uncertain what caused it. Climate change and the fungal disease chytridiomycosis are the two main possibilities. [1]
Hyloxalus anthracinus is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and occurs on the Cordillera Oriental and in the Mazán River, southern Ecuador.
Hyloxalus awa is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and known from the western Andean slopes and the western Pacific lowlands.
Hyloxalus bocagei is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is found on the northeastern side of the Andes in Ecuador and in Colombia. The specific name bocagei honors José Vicente Barbosa du Bocage, a Portuguese zoologist. Common name Bocage's rocket frog has been coined for this species.
Hyloxalus breviquartus is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is found in the northern part of Cordillera Occidental in Antioquia, Colombia, and in Carchi Province in northwestern Ecuador. Colombian distribution may be wider. Its natural habitats are montane forests next to streams and very humid premontane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss, although it occurs in the Las Orquídeas National Natural Park, its type locality.
Hyloxalus delatorreae is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to the western slopes of the Andes in extreme northern Ecuador.
Hyloxalus elachyhistus is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is found in southern Ecuador and northern Peru, in the Huancabamba Depression and south to Cajabamba Province.
Hyloxalus fallax is a species of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and only known from the region of its type locality in the Cotopaxi Province, on the western slopes of the Andes. Common name Cotopaxi rocket frog has been coined for this species.
Hyloxalus fuliginosus or the Quijos rocket frog is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Ecuador where it is known from the Amazonian slopes of the Andes in the northern Ecuador, with some sources reporting it from Colombia and Venezuela.
Hyloxalus lehmanni is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is found widely in Colombia from Antioquia southwards to northern Ecuador.
Hyloxalus maquipucuna is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Ecuador where it is only known from its type locality in the Maquipucuna reserve, in the Pichincha Province.
Hyloxalus marmoreoventris is a species of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and only known from its type locality on the eastern slope of the Andes in the Tungurahua Province. It is a little known species which possibly has not been observed after the holotype was collected in 1962.
Hyloxalus mystax is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Ecuador where it is only known from its type locality on the Cordillera del Cóndor at 1,830 m (6,000 ft) asl.
Hyloxalus nexipus is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is found on eastern slopes and foothills of the Andes from southeastern Ecuador south to the region of Yurimaguas in Peru.
Hyloxalus sauli is a species of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae. It is found on the eastern Andean slopes in Putumayo, Colombia, and in Sucumbíos, Napo, Orellana, and Pastaza Provinces, Ecuador. It is named after William Saul from the University of Kansas Natural History Museum.
Hyloxalus shuar is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Ecuador and Peru and is currently known from only two locations, though formerly widespread. The common English-language names Santiago rocket frog and Shuar rocket frog have been proposed for it.
Hyloxalus toachi is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to northwestern Ecuador.
Hyloxalus vertebralis is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to southern Ecuador and occurs in the inter-Andean valleys and on the western slopes of the Andes.
Hyloxalus is a genus of poison dart frogs, family Dendrobatidae. The genus is distributed in Central and South America, from Panama south to Peru, along with Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador. They also inhabit the eastern foothills of the Andes in Bolivia to Venezuela, east to the upper Amazon Basin.
Hyloxalus maculosus is a species of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to the eastern slopes of Ecuadorian Andes in Napo and Pastaza provinces at elevations of 460 to 1,150 m asl.
Hyloxalus yasuni is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae. It is endemic to Ecuador.
