Iliopectineal bursa

Iliopectineal bursa
	Enlarged iliopectineal bursa in CT - scan
Details
Identifiers
Latin	Bursa iliopectinea
	Anatomical terminology [ edit on Wikidata]

Last updated April 09, 2019

The iliopectineal bursa or the iliopsoas bursa is a large synovial bursa that separates the external surface of the hip joint capsule from the normally just the tendon of the iliopsoas muscle.^[1]

Synovial bursa small fluid-filled sac lined by synovial membrane with an inner capillary layer of viscous fluid

A synovial bursa is a small fluid-filled sac lined by synovial membrane with an inner capillary layer of viscous synovial fluid. It provides a cushion between bones and tendons and/or muscles around a joint. This helps to reduce friction between the bones and allows free movement. Bursae are found around most major joints of the body.

The articular capsule is strong and dense.

The most proximal of part the iliopectineal bursa lies on the iliopubic eminence of the superior pubic ramus. The iliopectineal bursa passes across the front of the capsule of the hip joint and extends distally downwards almost as far as to the lesser trochanter.^[2]

Medial to the anterior inferior iliac spine is a broad, shallow groove, over which the iliacus and psoas major muscles pass. This groove is bounded medially by an eminence, the iliopubic eminence, which marks the point of union of the ilium and pubis.

The superior pubic ramus is a part of the pubic bone which forms a portion of the obturator foramen. The obturator foramen, along with the ilium and other fused bones, forms part of either side of the pelvis.

The lesser trochanter of the femur is a conical eminence, which varies in size in different subjects.

The iliopectineal bursa frequently communicates by a circular aperture with the cavity of the hip joint.^[1]

In 13% of all cases the iliopectineal bursa is partly separated by a septum into two cavities. Here the tendon of the psoas major muscle passes over the medial chamber and the tendon of the iliacus muscle runs over the lateral chamber.^[2]

In biology, a septum is a wall, dividing a cavity or structure into smaller ones.

A body cavity is any fluid-filled space in a multicellular organism other than those of vessels. The human body cavity normally refers to the ventral body cavity, because it is by far the largest.

The psoas major is a long fusiform muscle located on the side of the lumbar region of the vertebral column and brim of the lesser pelvis. It joins the iliacus muscle to form the iliopsoas.

Inflammation of the iliopectineal bursa is called iliopectineal bursitis or iliopsoas bursitis.

Iliopsoas bursitis is inflammation of a bursa lying between iliopsoas muscle and hip joint, lateral to femoral vessels. Pain is experienced over the same area and made worse by extension of hip joint.

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In humans and other primates, the knee joins the thigh with the leg and consists of two joints: one between the femur and tibia, and one between the femur and patella. It is the largest joint in the human body. The knee is a modified hinge joint, which permits flexion and extension as well as slight internal and external rotation. The knee is vulnerable to injury and to the development of osteoarthritis.

Sartorius muscle muscle in the human body

The sartorius muscle is the longest muscle in the human body. It is a long, thin, superficial muscle that runs down the length of the thigh in the anterior compartment.

The gluteus minimus, the smallest of the three gluteal muscles, is situated immediately beneath the gluteus medius.

Bursitis is the inflammation of one or more bursae of synovial fluid in the body. They are lined with a synovial membrane that secretes a lubricating synovial fluid. There are more than 150 bursae in the human body. The bursae rest at the points where internal functionaries, such as muscles and tendons, slide across bone. Healthy bursae create a smooth, almost frictionless functional gliding surface making normal movement painless. When bursitis occurs, however, movement relying on the inflamed bursa becomes difficult and painful. Moreover, movement of tendons and muscles over the inflamed bursa aggravates its inflammation, perpetuating the problem. Muscle can also be stiffened.

The internal obturator muscle or obturator internus muscle originates on the medial surface of the obturator membrane, the ischium near the membrane, and the rim of the pubis.

Infraspinatus muscle muscle in the human shoulder

In human anatomy, the infraspinatus muscle is a thick triangular muscle, which occupies the chief part of the infraspinatous fossa. As one of the four muscles of the rotator cuff, the main function of the infraspinatus is to externally rotate the humerus and stabilize the shoulder joint.

The shoulder joint is structurally classified as a synovial ball and socket joint and functionally as a diarthrosis and multiaxial joint. It involves articulation between the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the head of the humerus.

The psoas minor is a long, slender skeletal muscle which, when present, is located anterior to the psoas major muscle.

The subscapularis is a large triangular muscle which fills the subscapular fossa and inserts into the lesser tubercle of the humerus and the front of the capsule of the shoulder-joint.

Snapping hip syndrome is a medical condition characterized by a snapping sensation felt when the hip is flexed and extended. This may be accompanied by an audible snapping or popping noise and pain or discomfort. Pain often decreases with rest and diminished activity. Snapping hip syndrome is classified by location of the snapping, either extra-articular or intra-articular.

Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS), is inflammation of the trochanteric bursa, a part of the hip.

Olecranon bursitis is a condition characterized by swelling, redness, and pain at the tip of the elbow. If the underlying cause is due to an infection, fever may be present. The condition is relatively common and is one of the most frequent types of bursitis.

Subacromial bursitis is a condition caused by inflammation of the bursa that separates the superior surface of the supraspinatus tendon from the overlying coraco-acromial ligament, acromion, and coracoid and from the deep surface of the deltoid muscle. The subacromial bursa helps the motion of the supraspinatus tendon of the rotator cuff in activities such as overhead work.

The subacromial bursa is the synovial cavity located just below the acromion, which communicates with the subdeltoid bursa in most individuals, forming the so-called subacromial-subdeltoid bursa (SSB).

Pes anserine bursitis is an inflammatory condition of the medial (inner) knee at the anserine bursa, a sub muscular bursa, just below the pes anserinus.

Pelvis lower part of the trunk of the human body between the abdomen and the thighs (sometimes also called pelvic region of the trunk

The pelvis is either the lower part of the trunk of the human body between the abdomen and the thighs or the skeleton embedded in it.

References

1 2 Bojsen-Møller, Finn; Simonsen, Erik B.; Tranum-Jensen, Jørgen (2001). Bevægeapparatets anatomi[Anatomy of the Locomotive Apparatus] (in Danish) (12th ed.). p. 266. ISBN 978-87-628-0307-7.
1 2 Peters A, Tillmann B (1988). "Bursa iliopectinea--size and morphology". Anatomischer Anzeiger. 167 (5): 403–7. PMID 3232847.

Iliopectineal bursa

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References

Further reading