| Isthmian wren | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Troglodytidae |
| Genus: | Cantorchilus |
| Species: | C. elutus |
| Binomial name | |
| Cantorchilus elutus (Bangs, 1902) | |
 | |
The isthmian wren (Cantorchilus elutus) is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama. [1]
The isthmian wren, with what are now Cabanis's wren (C. modestus) and the canebrake wren (C. zeledoni), were called the plain wren. A 2015 publication described their different vocalizations and genetic divergence. [2] In 2016 the International Ornithological Committee (IOC) and the Clements taxonomy accepted the split of plain wren into three species. [1] [3] However, BirdLife International (BLI) retains C. modestus as "plain wren" with elutus as a subspecies of it rather than as a full species. [4]
The isthmian wren is 12.5 to 14 cm (4.9 to 5.5 in) long. Adults have a gray-brown crown and back and a pale russet rump. Their tail is russet brown with darker bars. They have a thin white supercilium, a gray-brown stripe through the eye, and cheeks mottled with dark grayish brown and grayish white. The throat is white, the chest pale grayish, and the belly grayish white with buffy cinnamon sides and flanks. [5]
The isthmian wren is found on the Pacific slope of Costa Rica and most of the width of Panama, from Costa Rica's San José Province south and east to just past the Canal Zone. It inhabits humid areas, occurring in a variety of surroundings including forest edges, second growth, and gardens. It shuns dense wet forest. In elevation it ranges from sea level to approximately 2,000 m (6,600 ft). [5]
The isthmian wren usually forages in pairs in low dense vegetation, though it occasionally will hunt higher in trees. Its diet has not been well documented but is assumed to be mostly arthropods and other small invertebrates. [5]
The isthmian wren nests from January to September is Costa Rica and is thought to have a similar span in Panama. Its nest is roughly football-shaped with an entance hole on the side. It is constructed of grass and other vegetable fibers and lined with softer material. It is usually placed within 3 m (9.8 ft) of the ground in dense vegetation. The species also constructs "dormitory" nests for roosting. The female alone incubates the two eggs. [5]
The isthmian wren's song is "a loud motif of 3–4 clear whistles" frequently sung by both sexes . Its calls include a "harsh 'chur' and a "tinkling 'chi-chi-chi'" . [5]
The IUCN has not assessed the isthmian wren. "Despite small range, is unlikely to be considered globally threatened" because it is common in much of its range and adapts well to human-modified habitat. [5]
The russet-throated puffbird is a species of near-passerine bird in the family Bucconidae, the puffbirds, nunlets, and nunbirds. It is found in Colombia and Venezuela.
The unspotted saw-whet owl is a small "typical owl" in subfamily Surniinae. It is found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, and Panama.
The bronze-tailed plumeleteer is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Nicaragua, and Panama.
The ochraceous wren is a small songbird of the wren family. It is a resident breeding species in Costa Rica, Panama, and Colombia.
The grey-headed dove (Leptotila plumbeiceps) is a large New World dove. It is found from eastern Mexico to Colombia.
The wrenthrush or zeledonia is a unique species of nine-primaried oscine bird which is endemic to Costa Rica and Panama.
The Cuban nightjar, is a species of nightjar in the family Caprimulgidae. It is endemic to Cuba.
The Costa Rican pygmy owl is a small "typical owl" in subfamily Surniinae. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama.
The maroon-chested ground dove is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela.
The song wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama.
The timberline wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Costa Rica and western Panama.
The buff-breasted wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in the Amazon Basin of northern Brazil and Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and northern-border Bolivia, and also the Guianan countries of Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana. It occurs in non-Amazonian regions of Venezuela and Colombia and its range extends into eastern Panama.
The spot-breasted wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.
Cabanis's wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.
The bay wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is native to southern Central America and northwestern South America.
The sooty-headed wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Colombia and Panama.
The stripe-breasted wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama.
The vermiculated screech owl, is a species of owl in the family Strigidae. It is found in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama.
The canebrake wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama.
The Talamanca hummingbird is a species of hummingbird in the "mountain gems", tribe Lampornithini in subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Costa Rica and Panama.
Garrigues, Richard; Dean, Robert (2007). The Birds of Costa Rica. Ithaca: Zona Tropical/Comstock/Cornell University Press. p. 240. ISBN 978-0-8014-7373-9.