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A marine reserve is a type of marine protected area that has legal protection against fishing or development. As of 2007 less than 1% of the world's oceans had been set aside in marine reserves. Benefits include increases in the diversity, density, biomass, body size and reproductive potential of fishery and other species within their boundaries.
The giant clams are the members of the clam genus Tridacna that are the largest living bivalve mollusks. There are actually several species of "giant clams" in the genus Tridacna, which are often misidentified for Tridacna gigas, the most commonly intended species referred to as “the giant clam”.
Symbiodinium is a genus of dinoflagellates that encompasses the largest and most prevalent group of endosymbiotic dinoflagellates known. These unicellular algae commonly reside in the endoderm of tropical cnidarians such as corals, sea anemones, and jellyfish, where the products of their photosynthetic processing are exchanged in the host for inorganic molecules. They are also harbored by various species of demosponges, flatworms, mollusks such as the giant clams, foraminifera (soritids), and some ciliates. Generally, these dinoflagellates enter the host cell through phagocytosis, persist as intracellular symbionts, reproduce, and disperse to the environment. The exception is in most mollusks, where these symbionts are intercellular. Cnidarians that are associated with Symbiodinium occur mostly in warm oligotrophic (nutrient-poor), marine environments where they are often the dominant constituents of benthic communities. These dinoflagellates are therefore among the most abundant eukaryotic microbes found in coral reef ecosystems.
Epinephelus corallicola, also known as the black-dotted cod, coral cod, coral rockcod or duskyfin grouper, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It has an Indo-Pacific distribution and is found in marine and brackish waters.
Microbacterium flavum is a Gram-positive and aerobic bacterium from the genus of Microbacterium which has been isolated from the tunicate Didemnum moseley in Nagasaki in Japan
Mechercharimyces asporophorigenens is a bacterium from the genus of Mechercharimyces which has been isolated from sediments from Palau. Mechercharimyces asporophorigenens produces the cytotoxic substance urukthapelstatin A.
Janibacter is a genus of Gram positive, nonmotile, non-sporeforming bacteria. The genus name is derived from the two-faced Roman god Janus, referring to the fact that the cells of the original strain could be rod-shaped or coccoid.
Endozoicomonas gorgoniicola is a Gram-negative and facultative anaerobic bacterium from the genus of Endozoicomonas. Individual cells are motile and rod-shaped. Bacteria in this genus are symbionts of coral. E. gorgoniicola live specifically with soft coral and were originally isolated from a species of Plexaura, an octocoral, off the coast of Bimini in the Bahamas. The presence of this bacterium in a coral microbiome is associated with coral health.
Heteropsammia is a genus of apozooxanthellate corals that belong to the family Dendrophylliidae.
Tumebacillus ginsengisoli is a species of Gram positive, aerobic, bacterium. The cells are rod-shaped, non-motile, and form spores. It was first isolated from soil in a ginseng field in Pocheon, South Korea, and the species name is derived from the ginseng soil isolation location. T. ginsengisoli was the second species added to the genus Tumebacillus.
Tumebacillus soli is a species of Gram positive, aerobic, bacterium. The cells are rod-shaped, motile, and form spores. It was first isolated from soil in Danghangpo, South Korea. The species was first described in 2015, and the name refers to its initial isolation from soil.
Janibacter anophelis is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, bacterium. The species was initially isolated from the midgut of a Anopheles arabiensis mosquito. The species was first described in 2006, and the species name is derived from the mosquito genus Anopheles.
Janibacter limosus is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, bacterium. The species was initially isolated from sludge from a wastewater treatment plant in Jena, Germany. The species was first described in 1997, and the species name is derived from Latin limosus (muddy). J. limosus was the first species assigned to Janibacter, and is the type species for the genus.
Janibacter cremeus is a species of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic, bacterium. The species was initially isolated from sea sediment near Rishiri Island, Hokkaido, Japan. The species was first described in 2013, and the species name refers to its cream-pigmented colonies when grown on agar.
Janibacter hoylei is a species of Gram positive, aerobic, bacterium. The species was initially isolated from cryovials that sampled high altitude air between 20 and 41 km above sea level. The species was first described in 2009, and the species is named after English astronomer Fred Hoyle. Two other new species were discovered during the same survey: Bacillus isronensis and Bacillus aryabhattai.
Janibacter indicus is a species of Gram positive, aerobic, bacterium. The species was initially isolated from hydrothermal sediment from the Indian Ocean. The species was first described in 2014, and the species named refers to the Indian Ocean.
Janibacter melonis is a species of Gram positive, aerobic, bacterium. The species was initially isolated from an abnormally spoiled oriental melon. The species was first described in 2004, and the species name refers to the melon from which it was first isolated.
Phycicoccus ginsengisoli is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, non-endosporeforming bacterium. The species was initially isolated from soil from a ginseng field in Gochang County, South Korea. The species was first described in 2016, and its name refers to the source of isolation.
Terrabacter koreensis is a species of Gram-positive, nonmotile, non-endosporeforming bacteria. Cells are rod-shaped. It was initially isolated from soil from a flowerbed in Bucheon, South Korea. The species was first described in 2014, and its name refers to its South Korean isolation location.
Terrabacter terrigena is a species of Gram-positive, nonmotile, non-endosporeforming bacteria. Cells are rod-shaped. It was initially isolated from soil from around a wastewater treatment plant in South Korea. The species was first described in 2009, and its name is derived from Latin terrigena referring to the isolation of the type strain from soil.
References
- ↑ Yasumoto-Hirose, Mina; Nishijima, Miyuki; Ngirchechol, Metiek Kimie; Kanoh, Kaneo; Shizuri, Yoshikazu; Miki, Wataru (26 April 2006). "Isolation of Marine Bacteria by In Situ Culture on Media-Supplemented Polyurethane Foam". Marine Biotechnology. 8 (3): 227–237. doi:10.1007/s10126-005-5015-3.
- 1 2 Kageyama, Akiko; Takahashi, Yoko; Yasumoto-Hirose, Mina; Kasai, Hiroaki; Shizuri, Yoshikazu; Omura, Satoshi (2007). "Janibacter corallicola sp. nov., isolated from coral in Palau". The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology. 53 (3): 185–189. doi: 10.2323/jgam.53.185 .
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