Janibacter

Last updated

Janibacter
Scientific classification
Domain:
Bacteria
Phylum:
"Actinobacteria"
Class:
Actinobacteria
Order:
Micrococcales
Family:
Intrasporangiaceae
Genus:
Janibacter

Martin 1997
Species

J. alkaliphilus
J. anophelis
J. corallicola
J. cremeus
J. hoylei
J. indicus
J. limosus
J. massiliensis [1]
J. melonis
J. terrae

Janibacter is a genus of Gram positive, nonmotile, non-sporeforming bacteria. The genus name is derived from the two-faced Roman god Janus, referring to the fact that the cells of the original strain could be rod-shaped or coccoid.

The type species of the genus, Janibacter limosus , was originally isolated from sludge from a wastewater treatment plant. [2] Other species have been isolated from an air sample, a melon, the midgut of mosquitoes, coral, sea sediment, and hydrothermal sediment. [3] Janibacter brevis was originally classified as a separate species, but was later found to be a heterotypic synonym of J. terrae. [4] [5]

Colonies formed on agar by members of this genus are usually cream, white, or yellow pigmented. [6] [3] The optimum temperature for most Janibacter species is 28 °C. The lowest temperature required for growth in the genus is 4 °C (J. terrae, J. anophelis, J. limosus), and the highest is 45 °C (J. terrae, J. anophelis, J. corallicola). The pH optimum is commonly between 7.0-9.0, with some species capable of growing at 5.0-12.0. All species can tolerate NaCl salt concentrations up to 7%, but J. alkaliphilus can tolerate concentrations of 17%. [3] J. hoylei, which was recovered from high altitude air samples, is the most UV resistant. [7]

Janibacter species have been implicated in multiple cases of human infection, although most cases appeared to be opportunistic infections. [8] An unnamed Janibacter species caused an infection in a man with acute myeloid leukemia after receiving a bone marrow transplant. [9] J. melonis infected a man's face after being bitten by an unknown insect. [10] J. terrae infected four immunocompromised patients, resulting in two deaths, [11] and also caused a psoas abscess that was difficult to diagnose due to the infrequency of Janibacter infections. [12] An 8 week old infant was found to be infected with J. hoylei, but was successfully treated with vancomycin. [8] J. massiliensis was isolated from the vaginal discharge of a woman with bacterial vaginosis. [1]

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Janibacter anophelis is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, bacterium. The species was initially isolated from the midgut of a Anopheles arabiensis mosquito. The species was first described in 2006, and the species name is derived from the mosquito genus Anopheles.

Janibacter limosus is a species of Gram positive, strictly aerobic, bacterium. The species was initially isolated from sludge from a wastewater treatment plant in Jena, Germany. The species was first described in 1997, and the species name is derived from Latin limosus (muddy). J. limosus was the first species assigned to Janibacter, and is the type species for the genus.

Janibacter cremeus is a species of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic, bacterium. The species was initially isolated from sea sediment near Rishiri Island, Hokkaido, Japan. The species was first described in 2013, and the species name refers to its cream-pigmented colonies when grown on agar.

Janibacter hoylei is a species of Gram positive, aerobic, bacterium. The species was initially isolated from cryovials that sampled high altitude air between 20 and 41 km above sea level. The species was first described in 2009, and the species is named after English astronomer Fred Hoyle. Two other new species were discovered during the same survey: Bacillus isronensis and Bacillus aryabhattai.

Janibacter indicus is a species of Gram positive, aerobic, bacterium. The species was initially isolated from hydrothermal sediment from the Indian Ocean. The species was first described in 2014, and the species named refers to the Indian Ocean.

Janibacter melonis is a species of Gram positive, aerobic, bacterium. The species was initially isolated from an abnormally spoiled oriental melon. The species was first described in 2004, and the species name refers to the melon from which it was first isolated.

References

  1. 1 2 Maaloum, Mossaab; Diop, Khoudia; Diop, Awa; Anani, Hussein; Tomei, Enora; Richez, Magali; Rathored, Jaishriram; Bretelle, Florence; Raoult, Didier; Fenollar, Florence; Fournier, Pierre-Edouard (23 February 2019). "Description of Janibacter massiliensis sp. nov., cultured from the vaginal discharge of a patient with bacterial vaginosis". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 112 (8): 1147–1159. doi: 10.1007/s10482-019-01247-x . PMID   30798490.
  2. ↑ Martin, K; Schumann, P; Rainey, F. A; Schuetze, B; Groth, I (1997). "Janibacter limosus gen. nov., sp. nov., a New Actinomycete with meso-Diaminopimelic Acid in the Cell Wall". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 47 (2): 529–34. doi: 10.1099/00207713-47-2-529 . PMID   9103644.
  3. 1 2 3 Zhang, G; Ren, H; Wang, S; Chen, X; Yang, Y; Zhang, Y; Jiang, Y (2014). "Janibacter indicus sp. nov., isolated from hydrothermal sediment of the Indian Ocean". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 64 (Pt 7): 2353–7. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.059527-0 . PMID   24744020.
  4. ↑ Kuraishi, H; Imamura, Y; Ikeda, M; Yoshida, S (1 September 2000). "Janibacter brevis sp. nov., a new trichloroethylene-degrading bacterium isolated from polluted environments". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 50 (5): 1899–1903. doi: 10.1099/00207713-50-5-1899 . PMID   11034502.
  5. ↑ Lang, E. (1 November 2003). "Emended description of Janibacter terrae, including ten dibenzofuran-degrading strains and Janibacter brevis as its later heterotypic synonym". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 53 (6): 1999–2005. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.02602-0 . PMID   14657136.
  6. ↑ Kageyama, Akiko; Takahashi, Yoko; Yasumoto-Hirose, Mina; Kasai, Hiroaki; Shizuri, Yoshikazu; Omura, Satoshi (2007). "Janibacter corallicola sp. nov., isolated from coral in Palau". The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology. 53 (3): 185–189. doi: 10.2323/jgam.53.185 .
  7. ↑ Shivaji, S.; Chaturvedi, P.; Begum, Z.; Pindi, P. K.; Manorama, R.; Padmanaban, D. A.; Shouche, Y. S.; Pawar, S.; Vaishampayan, P.; Dutt, C. B. S.; Datta, G. N.; Manchanda, R. K.; Rao, U. R.; Bhargava, P. M.; Narlikar, J. V. (30 July 2009). "Janibacter hoylei sp. nov., Bacillus isronensis sp. nov. and Bacillus aryabhattai sp. nov., isolated from cryotubes used for collecting air from the upper atmosphere". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 59 (12): 2977–2986. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.002527-0 .
  8. 1 2 Lim, Yong Kwan; Kweon, Oh Joo; Kim, Hye Ryoun; Kim, Tae Hyoung; Lee, Mi-Kyung (July 2017). "First case of bacteremia caused by Janibacter hoylei". APMIS. 125 (7): 665–668. doi:10.1111/apm.12693. PMC   7159562 . PMID   28493430.
  9. ↑ Loubinoux, J.; Rio, B.; Mihaila, L.; Fois, E.; Le Fleche, A.; Grimont, P. A. D.; Marie, J.-P.; Bouvet, A. (6 July 2005). "Bacteremia Caused by an Undescribed Species of Janibacter". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 43 (7): 3564–3566. doi: 10.1128/JCM.43.7.3564-3566.2005 . PMC   1169182 . PMID   16000508.
  10. ↑ Elsayed, S.; Zhang, K. (6 July 2005). "Bacteremia Caused by Janibacter melonis". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 43 (7): 3537–3539. doi: 10.1128/JCM.43.7.3537-3539.2005 . PMC   1169108 . PMID   16000500.
  11. ↑ Fernández-Natal, M. I.; Sáez-Nieto, J. A.; Medina-Pascual, M. J.; Valdezate-Ramos, S.; Guerra-Laso, J. M.; Rodríguez-Pollán, R. H.; Soriano, F. (19 August 2014). "First report of bacteremia by Janibacter terrae in humans". Infection. 43 (1): 103–106. doi:10.1007/s15010-014-0672-7. PMID   25135045. S2CID   40563453.
  12. ↑ Wan, Wei Yee; Mughal, Ahsan; Ward, Kelly (19 October 2016). "Bilateral psoas abscess caused by Janibacter terrae, an unusual condition and organism resulting in laboratory and management conundrums". Acta Clinica Belgica. 72 (5): 336–339. doi:10.1080/17843286.2016.1245937. PMID   27758139. S2CID   36495685.
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