Jaru Biological Reserve

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Jaru Biological Reserve
Reserva Biológica do Jaru
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Location in Brazil
Nearest city Ji-Paraná, Rondônia
Coordinates 9°54′S61°43′W / 9.90°S 61.71°W / -9.90; -61.71 Coordinates: 9°54′S61°43′W / 9.90°S 61.71°W / -9.90; -61.71
Area 346,861 hectares (857,110 acres)
Designation Biological reserve
Created 1961

Jaru Biological Reserve (Portuguese : Reserva Biológica do Jaru) is a biological reserve in the state of Rondônia, Brazil. It is part of the Southern Amazon Conservation Corridor.

Portuguese language Romance language that originated in Portugal

Portuguese is a Western Romance language originating in the Iberian Peninsula. It is the sole official language of Portugal, Brazil, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, Angola, and São Tomé and Príncipe. It also has co-official language status in East Timor, Equatorial Guinea and Macau in China. As the result of expansion during colonial times, a cultural presence of Portuguese and Portuguese creole speakers are also found in Goa, Daman and Diu in India; in Batticaloa on the east coast of Sri Lanka; in the Indonesian island of Flores; in the Malacca state of Malaysia; and the ABC islands in the Caribbean where Papiamento is spoken, while Cape Verdean Creole is the most widely spoken Portuguese-based Creole. Reintegrationists maintain that Galician is not a separate language, but a dialect of Portuguese. A Portuguese-speaking person or nation is referred to as "Lusophone" (Lusófono).

Biological reserve (Brazil) type of protected areas in Brazil

A biological reserve in Brazil is a legally defined type of protected area of Brazil, a conservation unit that aims for full preservation of biota and other natural attributes without human interference. It may be visited only with prior approval of the responsible agency, and only for research or educational purposes.

Rondônia State of Brazil

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Contents

Location

The conservation unit was originally created in 1961 as the Jaru Forest Reserve, then replaced in 1984 by the Jaru Biological Reserve. [1] The initial area of 268,150 hectares (662,600 acres) was increased by about 60,000 hectares (150,000 acres) on 2 May 2006. [2] The reserve now covers 346,861 hectares (857,110 acres). It is administered by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation. [3] It is located in the municipalities of Vale do Anari, Machadinho d'Oeste and Ji-Paraná in the state of Rondônia. [1] The reserve would be in the proposed South Amazon Ecotones Ecological Corridor. [4]

Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation organization

The Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation is the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment's administrative arm. Its acronym is "ICMBio". It is named after the environmental activist Chico Mendes.

Vale do Anari Place

Vale do Anari is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rondônia. Its population was 10,471 (2005) and its area is 3,135 km².

Machadinho dOeste Place in Rondonia, Brazil

Machadinho d'Oeste is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rondônia. Its population was 28,649 (2005) and its area is 8,509 km².

Altitudes range from 90 to 625 metres (295 to 2,051 ft). Average annual rainfall is 2,513 millimetres (98.9 in). Temperatures range from 14 to 40 °C (57 to 104 °F) with an average of 26 °C (79 °F). [1] The reserve is in the middle Ji-Paraná River basin, in the sub-basin of the Tarumã stream. It lies between the Sierra do Moquém to the north and the Sierra da Providência to the south, south east and east. A survey recorded 168 species of fish, the probable presence of 189 species of amphibians and reptiles, 538 species of birds and over 73 species of mammals. [1]

Ji-Paraná River river in Brazil

The Ji-Paraná River, sometimes spelled Jiparaná, is a river in Rondônia state in western Brazil. It is a tributary of the Madeira River in the Amazon Basin. For much of its length it runs roughly parallel with the northeastern state border of Rondônia. The city of Ji-Paraná is divided by the river.

Conservation

The Biological Reserve is a "strict nature reserve" under IUCN protected area category Ia. The purpose is to conserve biota and other natural attributes without human interference. [1] It is located in the Madeira Tapajós interfluvial, one of the less well known regions of Brazil and one of great importance in conserving the Amazon biome. It is part of the Southern Amazon Conservation Corridor, which extends from the state of Tocantins to the state of Rondinia. These protected areas, as well as conserving biodiversity of the Amazon and the Cerrado contact areas, have proved the most effective as a barrier against deforestation. [2] The conservation unit is supported by the Amazon Region Protected Areas Program. [5]

IUCN protected area categories used to classify protected areas in a system developed by the IUCN

IUCN protected area categories, or IUCN protected area management categories, are categories used to classify protected areas in a system developed by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Amazon biome

The Amazon biome contains the Amazon rainforest, an area of tropical rainforest, and other ecoregions that cover most of the Amazon basin and some adjacent areas to the north and east. The biome contains blackwater and whitewater flooded forest, lowland and montane terra firme forest, bamboo and palm forest, savanna, sandy heath and alpine tundra. Some areas are threatened by deforestation for timber and to make way for pasture or soybean plantations.

Amazon Region Protected Areas Program organization

The Amazon Region Protected Areas Program is a joint initiative sponsored by government and non-government agencies to expand protection of the Amazon rainforest in Brazil.

Protected species are oncilla (Leopardus tigrinus), jaguar (Panthera onca) and giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis). [3]

Oncilla Small wild cat

The oncilla, also known as the northern tiger cat, little spotted cat, and tigrillo, is a small spotted cat ranging from Central America to central Brazil. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List because the population is threatened by deforestation and conversion of habitat to agricultural land.

Jaguar species of mammal

The jaguar is a wild cat species and the only extant member of the genus Panthera native to the Americas. The jaguar's present range extends from Southwestern United States and Mexico in North America, across much of Central America, and south to Paraguay and northern Argentina in South America. Though there are single cats now living within the Western United States, the species has largely been extirpated from the United States since the early 20th century. It is listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List; and its numbers are declining. Threats include loss and fragmentation of habitat.

Giant otter species of mammal

The giant otter or giant river otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) is a South American carnivorous mammal. It is the longest member of the Mustelidae, or weasel family, a globally successful group of predators, reaching up to 1.7 metres (5.6 ft). Atypical of mustelids, the giant otter is a social species, with family groups typically supporting three to eight members. The groups are centered on a dominant breeding pair and are extremely cohesive and cooperative. Although generally peaceful, the species is territorial, and aggression has been observed between groups. The giant otter is diurnal, being active exclusively during daylight hours. It is the noisiest otter species, and distinct vocalisations have been documented that indicate alarm, aggression and reassurance.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Unidade de Conservação ... MMA.
  2. 1 2 Velasquez Fernandes 2010, p. 4.
  3. 1 2 Reserva Biológica do Jaru – Chico Mendes.
  4. ↑ Ayres et al. 2005, p. 34.
  5. ↑ Full list: PAs supported by ARPA.

Sources

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