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Jwalamukhi Jawala ji Jawalaji | |
---|---|
town | |
Nickname: Jwala Ji | |
Coordinates: 31°52′32″N76°19′28″E / 31.8756100°N 76.3243500°E | |
Country | India |
State | Himachal Pradesh |
District | Kangra |
Elevation | 557.66 m (1,829.59 ft) |
Population (2011) | |
• Total | 5,361 |
Languages | |
• Official | Hindi |
Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
Vehicle registration | HP 83 |
Jawalamukhi, or Jwalamukhi also Jawalaji, is a temple town and a nagar parishad in Kangra district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. Hindu genealogy registers are kept here like that of Haridwar. The town takes its name from the holy Jwalamukhi Temple, located in Jawalamukhi. [1]
Jawalamukhi is located at 31°52′32″N76°19′28″E / 31.87561°N 76.32435°E . [2] It has an average elevation of 610 metres (2,001 feet).
At the 2001 India census, [3] Jawalamukhi had a population of 4931. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%.
As of 2001 [update] India census, [3]
The temple is a famous shrine to the goddess Jwalamukhi, considered to be an incarnation of the goddess Adi Parashakti, also known as Durga or Kali. The temple is regarded as one of the 51 Shakti Peethas. History says that the ruling king, Raja Bhumi Chand, Katoch of Kangra, a great devotee of the goddess Durga, dreamt of the sacred place and the king sent people to find the whereabouts of the site. The site was traced and the Raja built a temple at that location. [4] The present shrine consists of a gold-gilded dome, various pinnacles and a silver entrance door. The temple is located within the Dhauladhar mountain range. The goddess Jwalamukhi is worshipped as an eternal flame that emerges from a small fissure in a rock inside the sanctum sanctorum. Nine flames, symbolising the Navadurgas, are believed to be worshipped in the shrine. It is unknown when the flames have been burning and from where the flames emerged. Scientists predicted that an underground volcano exists beneath the temple and the volcano's natural gas burns through the rock as the flames. Akbar, the erstwhile emperor of the Mughal dynasty, once tried to extinguish the flames by covering them with an iron disk and even splashing water on them, fearing the fire might burn down the town. But the flames blasted all these efforts. Akbar then presented a golden parasol (chhatri) to the shrine. However, the parasol fell suddenly and the gold formed another metal that is still unknown to the world. His belief in the goddess was all the more strengthened after this incident. Thousands of pilgrims visit the shrine around the year to satisfy their spiritual urges. [5]
The temple is located on a small spur on the Dharamshala-Shimla road at a distance of about 20 km from the Jawalamukhi Road Railway Station and attracts hundreds of thousands of pilgrims every year. There is a small platform in front of the temple and a big mandapa where a huge brass bell presented by the King of Nepal is hung. Usually, milk and water are offered to the deity and abhisheka is offered to the sacred flames in the pit.
The prasada of the deity is Bhog made of Rabri or thickened milk, Misri or candy, seasonal fruits, and milk. There is a Sri Yantra in front of the flame, which is covered with, shawls, and ornaments. The puja has different 'phases' and goes on practically the whole day. Aarti is performed five times in the day, havan is performed once daily and portions of Durga Saptasati are recited. For Aarti, the temple remains open from 11.00 A.M. to 12.00 P.M. and from 06.00 P.M. to 07.00 P.M.
Maharaja Ranjit Singh paid a visit to the temple in 1815 and the dome of the temple was gold-plated by him. Just a few feet above the Jwalamukhi temple there is a six-feet deep pit with a circumference of about three feet. At the bottom of this pit, there is another small pit about one and a half feet deep with hot water bubbling all the time.
The temple is identified as one among the 51 Shakti Peethas. It is also one of the most renowned temples of Goddess Durga. [6]
Hindu genealogy registers at Jawalamukhi are the genealogy registers of pilgrims maintained there by pandas. [7] [8] [9]
The shrine is regarded as a Shakti Peetha. It is believed that Sati's tongue fell here. Shakti Peethas are the shrines of Adi Parashakti, the primordial Mother Goddess. Each Shakti Peetha has a shrine for Shakti and Bhairava, an incarnation of Shiva, the consort of Shakti. Here, Jwalamukhi is the Shakti and Unmatta Bhairava is the Bhairava. The Daksha yaga and Sati's self-immolation had immense significance in shaping the ancient Sanskrit literature and even had an impact on the culture of India. It led to the development of the concept of Shakti Peethas and thereby strengthening Shaktism. Enormous stories in puranas took the Daksha Yagna as the reason for its origin. It is an important incident in Shaivism resulting in the emergence of Parvati as the reincarnation of Sati and by marrying Shiva and giving birth to Ganesha and Kartikeya, which made Shiva a grihastha (householder). [10]
Sati, also known as Dakshayani, is the Hindu goddess of marital felicity and longevity, and is worshipped as an aspect of the mother goddess Shakti. Sati was the first wife of Shiva, the other being Parvati, who was Sati's reincarnation after her death.
The Shakti Pithas or the Shakti Peethas are significant shrines and pilgrimage destinations in Shaktism, the goddess-centric denomination in Hinduism. The shrines are dedicated to various forms of Adi Shakti. Various Puranas such as Srimad Devi Bhagavatam state the existence of varying number of 51, 52, 64 and 108 Shakti Pithas of which 18 are named as Astadasha Maha (major) in medieval Hindu texts.
The Sri Kamakshi Amman Temple is an ancient Hindu Temple dedicated to the goddess Kamakshi, one of the highest aspects of Adi Parashakti, the mighty goddess in Shaktism. The temple is located in the historic city of Kanchipuram, near Chennai, India. The temple houses one of the 108 Divya Desams of Vishnu and is called Tirukalavanur. The temple is dedicated mainly to Kamakshi and then to Vishnu in his form of Varaha. The temple is glorified by the 6th-9th century Vaishnavite Alvars in the Naalayira Divya Prabandham. Its construction is credited to the Pallava kings, whose capital was in the same city. This temple, along with the goddesses of Madurai and either Varanasi or Thiruvanaikovil, are the important centers of Shaktism in the state of Tamil Nadu. The present temple is also known as Kamakoti Peetha or Kamakota Nayaki Kovil, where Tripura Sundari had settled after killing a demon. This ancient temple was mentioned in Perunaraatrupadai, an ancient Tamil literature that praises the renowned Sangam era. King Thondaiman Ilandiraiyan of the Pallava dynasty, who ruled Kanchipuram, constructed the temple. Kamakshi is worshipped in the shrine in 5 forms, one of them was a golden idol, which was transported to Thanjavur due to the Muslim invasions of Kanchipuram. There are no other goddess temples in the city of Kanchipuram, apart from this one, which is unusual in a city that has hundreds of traditional temples. There are various legends that account for this fact.
The Vishalakshi Temple or Vishalakshi Gauri Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to the goddess Vishalakshi, at Mir Ghat on the banks of the Ganges at Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh, India. It is generally regarded as a Shakti Pitha, the most sacred temples dedicated to the Hindu Divine Mother.
Chintpurni is a small town in the Una district of Himachal Pradesh about 40 km north of Una, not far from the border with the Indian state of Punjab. The elevation is about 977 meters. It is home to the Maa Chintpurni Temple which is a major pilgrimage site as one of the Shakti Peethas in India. The Hindu genealogy registers at Chintpurni, Himachal Pradesh are kept here. North of Chintpurni are the western Himalayas. Chintpurni lies within the much lower Shiwalik range.
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Kalighat Kali Temple is a Hindu temple in Kalighat, Kolkata, West Bengal, India dedicated to the Hindu goddess Kali. It is one of the Shakti Peethas.
Jeshoreshwari Kali Temple is a famous Hindu temple in Bangladesh, dedicated to the goddess Kali. The temple is located in Ishwaripur, a village in Shyamnagar upazila of Satkhira. The name "Jeshoreshwari" means "Goddess of Jeshore". The Prime Minister of India Shri Narendra Modi visited this temple in 2021.
Tara Tarini Temple is a Hindu shrine of Adi Shakti in the Kumari hills on the bank of Rushikulya river near Purushottampur in Ganjam district of Odisha, around 28km from Brahmapur city. Maa Tara Tarini is worshipped as the Breast Shrine of Adi Shakti Sati Devi there.
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Jwala Ji is a Hindu goddess. The physical manifestation of Jwala Ji is always a set of eternal flames, and the term Jvala means flame in Sanskrit and ji is an honorific used in the Indian subcontinent.
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