Jay

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Jay
Garrulus glandarius 1 Luc Viatour.jpg
Eurasian jay (Garrulus glandarius)
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Superfamily: Corvoidea
Family: Corvidae
Genera

A jay is a member of a number of species of medium-sized, usually colorful and noisy, passerine birds in the crow family, Corvidae. The evolutionary relationships between the jays and the magpies are rather complex. For example, the Eurasian magpie seems more closely related to the Eurasian jay than to the East Asian blue and green magpies, whereas the blue jay is not closely related to either. The Eurasian jay distributes oak acorns, contributing to the growth of oak woodlands over time.

Contents

Systematics and species

Jays are not a monophyletic group. Anatomical and molecular evidence indicates they can be divided into a New World and an Old World lineage (the latter including the ground jays and the piapiac), while the grey jays of the genus Perisoreus form a group of their own. [1] The black magpies, formerly believed to be related to jays, are classified as treepies.

Old World ("brown") jays

ImageGenusLiving species
Peanut Thief (7184679351).jpg Garrulus Brisson, 1760
Turkestan Ground-Jay.jpg Podoces Fischer von Waldheim, 1821 - Ground jays
Ptilostomus afer Maroua.jpg Ptilostomus Swainson, 1837

Grey jays

ImageGenusLiving species
Perisoreus canadensis mercier2.jpg Perisoreus Bonaparte, 1831 - Grey jays

New World jays

ImageGenusLiving species
Aphelocoma insularis Bouton 2.jpg Aphelocoma Cabanis, 1851 - Scrub-jays
Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus1.jpg Gymnorhinus Wied-Neuwied, 1841
Bluejay (Cyanocitta cristata) (1547) - Relic38.jpg Cyanocitta Strickland, 1845
Black-throated Magpie-Jay (Calocitta colliei) (8079391079) (cropped).jpg Calocitta G.R. Gray, 1841 - Magpie-jays
Cyanocorax luxuosus calling.jpg Cyanocorax F. Boie, 1826
Turquoise jay.jpg Cyanolyca Cabanis, 1851

In culture

Slang

The word jay has an archaic meaning in American slang meaning a person who chatters impertinently. [2] [3]

The term jaywalking was coined in the first decade of the 1900s to label persons crossing a busy street carelessly and becoming a traffic hazard. [4] The term began to imply recklessness or impertinent behavior as the convention became established. [5]

In January 2014, Canadian author Robert Joseph Greene embarked on a lobbying campaign among ornithologists in Europe and North America to get Merriam-Websters Dictionary to have a "Jabber of Jays" as an official term under bird groups. [6] [7]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Magpie</span> Large bird in the corvid family

Magpies are birds of the family Corvidae. Like other members of their family, they are widely considered to be intelligent creatures. The Eurasian magpie, for instance, is thought to rank among the world's most intelligent creatures and is one of the few nonmammalian species able to recognize itself in a mirror test. They are particularly well known for their songs and were once popular as cagebirds. In addition to other members of the genus Pica, corvids considered as magpies are in the genera Cissa, Urocissa, and Cyanopica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Corvidae</span> Family of perching birds

Corvidae is a cosmopolitan family of oscine passerine birds that contains the crows, ravens, rooks, magpies, jackdaws, jays, treepies, choughs, and nutcrackers. In colloquial English, they are known as the crow family or corvids. Currently, 135 species are included in this family. The genus Corvus containing 47 species makes up over a third of the entire family. Corvids (ravens) are the largest passerines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eurasian magpie</span> Species of bird

The Eurasian magpie or common magpie is a resident breeding bird throughout the northern part of the Eurasian continent. It is one of several birds in the crow family (corvids) designated magpies, and belongs to the Holarctic radiation of "monochrome" magpies. In Europe, "magpie" is used by English speakers as a synonym for the Eurasian magpie: the only other magpie in Europe is the Iberian magpie, which is limited to the Iberian Peninsula. Despite having a shared name and similar colouration, it is not closely related to the Australian Magpie.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carrion crow</span> Species of bird

The carrion crow is a passerine bird of the family Corvidae and the genus Corvus which is native to western Europe and the eastern Palearctic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Torresian crow</span> Species of bird

The Torresian crow, also called the Australian crow or Papuan crow, is a passerine bird in the crow family native to the north and west of Australia and nearby islands in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. The species has a black plumage, beak and mouth with white irises. The base of the feathers on the head and neck are white. The Torresian crow is slightly larger with a more robust bill than the morphologically similar little crow.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eurasian jay</span> Species of bird

The Eurasian jay is a species of passerine bird in the crow family Corvidae. It has pinkish brown plumage with a black stripe on each side of a whitish throat, a bright blue panel on the upper wing and a black tail. The Eurasian jay is a woodland bird that occurs over a vast region from western Europe and north-west Africa to the Indian subcontinent and further to the eastern seaboard of Asia and down into south-east Asia. Across this vast range, several distinct racial forms have evolved which look different from each other, especially when comparing forms at the extremes of its range.

<i>Cyanopica</i> Genus of birds

Cyanopica is a genus of magpie in the family Corvidae. They belong to a common lineage with the genus Perisoreus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Steller's jay</span> Species of bird found in western North America

Steller's jay is a bird native to western North America and the mountains of Central America, closely related to the blue jay found in eastern North America. It is the only crested jay west of the Rocky Mountains. It is also sometimes colloquially called a "blue jay" in the Pacific Northwest, but is distinct from the blue jay of eastern North America. The species inhabits pine-oak and coniferous forests.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Red-billed blue magpie</span> Species of bird

The red-billed blue magpie is a species of bird in the crow family, Corvidae. It is about the same size as the Eurasian magpie, but has a much longer tail, one of the longest of any corvid. It is 65–68 cm (25.5–27 in) long and weighs 196–232 g (6.9–8.2 oz).

<i>Urocissa</i> Genus of birds

Urocissa is a genus of birds in the Corvidae, a family that contains the crows, jays, and magpies.

<i>Cissa</i> (genus) Genus of birds

Cissa is a genus of relatively short-tailed magpies, sometimes known as hunting cissas, that reside in the forests of tropical and subtropical southeast Asia and adjacent regions. The four species are quite similar with bright red bills, primarily green plumage, black mask, and rufous wings.

<i>Cyanocorax</i> Genus of birds

Cyanocorax is a genus of New World jays, passerine birds in the family Corvidae. The generic name is derived from the Greek words κυανος (kuanos), meaning "dark blue," and κοραξ (korax), meaning "raven".

<i>Pica</i> (genus) Genus of birds

Pica is a genus of seven species of birds in the family Corvidae in both the New World and the Old.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Currawong</span> Genus of birds

Currawongs are three species of medium-sized passerine birds belonging to the genus Strepera in the family Artamidae native to Australia. These are the grey currawong, pied currawong, and black currawong. The common name comes from the call of the familiar pied currawong of eastern Australia and is onomatopoeic. They were formerly known as crow-shrikes or bell-magpies. Despite their resemblance to crows and ravens, they are only distantly related to the corvidae, instead belonging to an Afro-Asian radiation of birds of superfamily Malaconotoidea.

<i>Perisoreus</i> Genus of birds

The genus Perisoreus is a very small genus of jays from the Boreal regions of North America and Eurasia from Scandinavia to the Asian seaboard. An isolated species also occurs in north-western Sichuan of China. They belong to the Passerine order of birds in the family Corvidae. Species of Perisoreus jays are most closely related to the genus Cyanopica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sri Lanka blue magpie</span> Species of bird

The Sri Lanka blue magpie or Ceylon magpie is a brightly coloured member of the family Corvidae, found exclusively in Sri Lanka. This species is adapted to hunting in the dense canopy, where it is highly active and nimble. Its flight is rather weak, though, and is rarely used to cover great distances. In spite of the Sri Lanka blue magpie's ability to adapt to the presence of humans, it is classified as vulnerable to extinction due to the fragmentation and destruction of its habitat of dense primary forest in the wet zone of southern Sri Lanka.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Azure (color)</span> Bright, cyan-blue colour

Azure is the color between cyan and blue on the spectrum of visible light. It is often described as the color of the sky on a clear day.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White-throated magpie-jay</span> Species of bird

The white-throated magpie-jay is a large Central American species of magpie-jay. It ranges in Pacific-slope thorn forest from Jalisco, Mexico, to Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Magpie-jays are noisy, gregarious birds, often traveling in easy-to-find flocks, mobbing their observers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oriental magpie</span> Species of bird

The Oriental magpie is a species of magpie found from south-eastern Russia to eastern China, Korea, Taiwan, Japan and northern Indochina and Myanmar. Other names for the Oriental magpie include Chinese magpie and Asian magpie.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Joseph Greene</span> Canadian author of gay romance fiction (born 1973)

Robert Joseph Greene is a Canadian author of gay romance fiction, best known for The Gay Icon Classics of the World, a collection of gay-themed love stories from over 12 different countries. Each story represents a culture and a people. The book was listed by PFLAG Canada as a recommended book in their "Books Worth Reading" section.

References

  1. Ericson, Per G. P.; Jansén, Anna-Lee; Johansson, Ulf S.; Ekman, Jan (May 2005). "Inter-generic relationships of the crows, jays, magpies and allied groups (Aves: Corvidae) based on nucleotide sequence data". Journal of Avian Biology . 36 (3): 222–234. CiteSeerX   10.1.1.493.5531 . doi:10.1111/j.0908-8857.2001.03409.x. http://www.nrm.se/download/18.4e32c81078a8d9249800021299/Corvidae%5B1%5D.pdf PDF fulltext
  2. "Jay". freedictionary.com. An overly talkative person; a chatterbox.
  3. "Definition of Jay by Merriam-Webster". Merriam-Webster, Inc.
  4. "Definition of Jaywalker by Merriam-Webster". Merriam-Webster, Inc.
  5. "jay-walker" . Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press.(Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
  6. "Writer lobbies for new word to describe jays". Vancouver Courier. January 2, 2014. Retrieved January 2, 2014.
  7. "British Ornithologists' Union: What say ye countrymen to a jabber of jays?". Community News. January 6, 2014. Retrieved January 6, 2014.