Hispaniolan palm crow

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Hispaniolan palm crow
Sorvus palmarum.jpg
Illustration
Corvus palmarum, Duverge, Dominican Republic 1.jpg
Corvus palmrum in the Dominican Republic
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Corvidae
Genus: Corvus
Species:
C. palmarum
Binomial name
Corvus palmarum
Corvus palmarum map 2.svg

The Hispaniolan palm crow (Corvus palmarum) is a relatively small corvid endemic to the Caribbean island of Hispaniola (in Haiti and the Dominican Republic) where it was formerly very frequent, but is now reduced in population.

Contents

Taxonomy

The Hispaniolan palm crow was formally described in 1835 under the binomial name Corvus palmarum by the German naturalist Duke Paul Wilhelm of Württemberg. [2] The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised. [3] This crow was formerly considered to be conspecific with the Cuban palm crow (Corvus minutus). [3] [4] [5]

Despite being sympatric with the white-necked crow (Corvus leucognaphalus) on Hispaniola, it appears to be more closely related to the fish crow (C. ossifragus) of the East Coast of the United States, as well as two smaller species, the Tamaulipas crow (C. imparatus) and Sinaloan crow (C. sinaloae) of Mexico, than the white-necked crow, which is more related to the Cuban crow (Corvus nasicus) and the Jamaican crow (Corvus jamaicensis), the other two Caribbean corvids. This indicates two distinct arrivals of crows onto the island (with the ancestor of the two palm crows being a later arrival), and a resulting niche differentiation, similar to C. nasicus and C. minutus on Cuba.

The following cladogram is based on phylogenetic study of the Corvidae by Knud Jønsson and collaborators that was published in 2012. [6]

Hispaniolan palm crow, Corvus palmarum

Cuban palm crow, Corvus minutus

Fish crow, Corvus ossifragus

Sinaloa crow, Corvus sinaloae

Tamaulipas crow, Corvus imparatus

Habitat

The local name for the palm crow is cao in the Dominican Republic (where it is locally common, mainly in mountain pine forests and also around the area of Lake Enriquillo), which is onomatopoeic of the simple and repetitive call of this bird.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Corvidae</span> Family of perching birds

Corvidae is a cosmopolitan family of oscine passerine birds that contains the crows, ravens, rooks, magpies, jackdaws, jays, treepies, choughs, and nutcrackers. In colloquial English, they are known as the crow family or corvids. Currently, 135 species are included in this family. The genus Corvus containing 47 species makes up over a third of the entire family. Corvids (ravens) are the largest passerines.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Collared crow</span> Species of bird

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fish crow</span> Species of bird

The fish crow is a species of crow associated with wetland habitats in the eastern and southeastern United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cuban crow</span> Species of bird

The Cuban crow is a crow species native to the northern Caribbean.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jamaican crow</span> Species of bird

The Jamaican crow is a comparatively small corvid. It shares several key morphological features with two other West Indian species, the Cuban crow and the white-necked crow of Hispaniola, which are very closely related to it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White-necked crow</span> Species of crow endemic to Hispaniola

The white-necked crow is the largest of the four Caribbean corvids. It is endemic to the island of Hispaniola ; it was formerly also extant on Puerto Rico and Saint Croix in the United States Virgin Islands, but has been extirpated from both islands due to considerable forest clearance and hunting for meat.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hispaniolan nightjar</span> Species of bird

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hispaniolan parakeet</span> Species of bird

The Hispaniolan parakeet is a Vulnerable species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots. It is endemic to the island of Hispaniola which is shared by the Dominican Republic and Haiti. In the former country it is called "perico" and in the latter "perruche".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black-crowned palm-tanager</span> Species of bird endemic to Hispaniola

The black-crowned palm-tanager or black-crowned tanager is a species of bird of the family Phaenicophilidae, the Hispaniolan palm-tanagers. It is endemic to the island of Hispaniola which is shared by Haiti and the Dominican Republic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grey-crowned palm-tanager</span> Species of bird endemic to Hispaniola

The grey-crowned palm-tanager or grey-crowned tanager is a Near Threatened species of bird in the family Phaenicophilidae, the Hispaniolan palm-tanagers. It is endemic to the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, in both the Dominican Republic and Haiti.

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The Chihuahuan raven is a species of crow in the family Corvidae that is native to the United States and Mexico.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cuban palm crow</span> Species of bird

The Cuban palm crow is a relatively small corvid that is endemic to the Caribbean island of Cuba.

References

  1. BirdLife International (2018). "Corvus palmarum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2018: e.T22731517A131548171. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22731517A131548171.en . Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  2. Württemberg, Paul Wilhelm (1835). Erste Reise nach dem nördlichen Amerika in den Jahren 1822 bis 1824 (in German). Stuttgart and Tübigen: Verlag der J. G. Cotta'schen Buchhandlung. p. 68, footnote.
  3. 1 2 Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2023). "Crows, mudnesters, birds-of-paradise". IOC World Bird List Version 13.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  4. Chesser, R.T.; Billerman, S.M.; Burns, K.J.; Cicero, C.; Dunn, J.L.; Hernández-Baños, B.E.; Jiménez, R.A.; Kratter, A.W.; Mason, N.A.; Rasmussen, P.C.; Remsen, J.V.J.; Winker, K. (2023). "Sixty-fourth supplement to the American Ornithological Society's Check-list of North American Birds". Ornithology. 140 (3): 1–11. doi: 10.1093/ornithology/ukad023 .
  5. Garrido, O.H.; Reynard, G.B.; Kirkconnell, A. (1997). "Is the palm crow, Corvus palmarum (Aves: Corvidae), a monotypic species?". Ornitologia Neotropical. 8: 15–21.
  6. Jønsson, K.A.; Fabre, P.-H.; Irestedt, M. (2012). "Brains, tools, innovation and biogeography in crows and ravens". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12 (1): 72. Bibcode:2012BMCEE..12...72J. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-12-72 . PMC   3480872 . PMID   22642364.